Wikipedia

Léon Marchand

Léon Marchand (French pronunciation: [leɔ̃ maʁʃɑ̃] ⓘ; born 17 May 2002) is a French swimmer. He is the world record holder in the long course 400 metres individual medley and short course 200 metres individual medley; the Olympic record holder in the 200 metres butterfly, the 200 metres breaststroke, the 200 metres individual medley and the 400 metres individual medley; and the French record holder in the long course 200 metre individual medley, 200 metre butterfly and 200 metre breaststroke. At the 2024 Summer Olympics, he won gold medals in the 200 m medley, 200 metre breaststroke, 200 metre butterfly, and 400 metre medley. He became the fourth swimmer and third male swimmer in Olympic history to win four individual gold medals at a single Games.[3][4][5][6][7]

Léon Marchand
CLH OLY
Marchand in 2023
Personal information
NationalityFrench
Born (2002-05-17) 17 May 2002 (age 22)
Toulouse, France
Height187 cm (6 ft 2 in)[2]
Weight77 kg (170 lb)[2]
Sport
SportSwimming
StrokesBreaststroke, Individual Medley, Butterfly, Freestyle
College teamArizona State University[1]
CoachBob Bowman, Nicolas Castel
Medal record
Men's swimming
Representing  France
Event 1st 2nd 3rd
Olympic Games 4 0 1
World Championships (LC) 5 1 0
World Junior Championships 0 0 1
European Junior Championships 0 0 2
Total 9 1 4
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 2024 Paris 200 m breaststroke
Gold medal – first place 2024 Paris 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2024 Paris 200 m medley
Gold medal – first place 2024 Paris 400 m medley
Bronze medal – third place 2024 Paris 4x100 m medley
World Championships (LC)
Gold medal – first place 2022 Budapest 200 m medley
Gold medal – first place 2022 Budapest 400 m medley
Gold medal – first place 2023 Fukuoka 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2023 Fukuoka 200 m medley
Gold medal – first place 2023 Fukuoka 400 m medley
Silver medal – second place 2022 Budapest 200 m butterfly
World Junior Championships
Bronze medal – third place 2019 Budapest 400 m medley
European Junior Championships
Bronze medal – third place 2019 Kazan 200 m breaststroke
Bronze medal – third place 2019 Kazan 400 m medley

As a member of the Arizona State University swim team, at the 2022 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships, Marchand won NCAA titles in the 200 yard breaststroke and 200 yard individual medley. He won the gold medal in the 400 metre individual medley and the 200 metre individual medley and the silver medal in the 200 metre butterfly at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships. At the 2023 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships, he won NCAA titles in the 200 yard breaststroke, 200 yard individual medley, and 400 yard individual medley.

Early life

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Marchand was born on 17 May 2002 in Toulouse, France. Marchand is the son of former French medley swimmers Xavier Marchand and Céline Bonnet. His uncle, Christophe Marchand, is also a former freestyle swimmer.[8]

As a child, Léon first took up judo and then rugby,[9] and although he was not pushed into swimming by his parents, he quickly felt at ease in the water with the Dauphins du TOEC club at the age of six.[10][11]

"The club is an extension of my family. At seven years old, I really started swimming. But I was skinny, I was too cold in the water and I stopped for a year or two. It was only during vacations that I enjoyed being in the water."

— Léon Marchand in Le magazine L'Équipe in 2023.[11]

Trained and coached by Nicolas Castel in the Toulouse club until 2021, Léon Marchand began training with an adjusted schedule around the age of 12 or 13 years.[11][10] Although he was versatile in freestyle, butterfly, and breaststroke and a good swimmer over various distances, he was not the best national swimmer of his generation in the youth categories, being shorter and less powerful than some of his young competitors.[11] In 2017, as a teenager, he tried the 400m individual medley on his parents' advice and developed a passion for the event.[11]

Alongside his sports career, he earned a scientific baccalaureate with highest honors and pursued computer science studies at Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier University.[10]

Encouraged by his parents, both former swimmers who had the same experience in the United States, Léon Marchand settled in Arizona in August 2021.[12] He justified his choice by expressing his desire to be coached by Bob Bowman, Michael Phelps' mentor.[13][3] He was a junior during 2023–24 at Arizona State University, majoring in computer science.[14]

Career

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2019 World Junior Championships

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2019 World Junior Championships
  400 m individual medley 4:16.37 (NR)

In August 2019, at the World Junior Swimming Championships in Budapest, Hungary, Marchand won the bronze medal in the 400 metre individual medley with a French record time of 4:16.37.[15][16] He also placed seventh with a time of 2:01.53 in the 200 metre individual medley, seventh swimming a 1:58.73 in the final of the 200 metre butterfly, tenth in the 200 metre breaststroke with a 2:15.13, and 15th in the 100 metre breaststroke in a time of 1:03.03.[17]

2020 Summer Olympics

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See also: Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics

Marchand qualified in his first event for the 2020 Summer Olympics at the 2021 French Elite Swimming Championships in Chartres, making the French Olympic Team in the 400 metre individual medley with a personal best and French record time of 4:09.65.[18][19][20] At the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, Marchand placed sixth in the 400 metre individual medley with a 4:11.16, tenth in the 4×100 metre medley relay, 14th in the 200 metre butterfly with a 1:55.68, and 18th in the 200 metre individual medley with a 1:58.30.[21][22]

2022 NCAA Championships

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2022 NCAA Championships
  200 yd individual medley 1:37.69 (CR)
  200 yd breaststroke 1:48.20
  400 yd individual medley 3:34.08
  4×100 yd freestyle 2:46.40

At the 2022 NCAA Division I Championships in March in Atlanta, United States, Marchand won his first individual NCAA title of his freshman year for the Arizona State Sun Devils in the 200 yard individual medley, winning the event and setting new NCAA, NCAA Championships, and US Open records with his time of 1:37.69, which was over four-tenths of a second faster than the old marks of 1:38.13 set by Caeleb Dressel in 2018 (NCAA and US Open records) and 1:38.14 set by Andrew Seliskar in 2019 (NCAA Championships record).[23][24] It was the first time since 2000 that a man from the Arizona State University swim program won an individual title in swimming at an NCAA Division I men's swimming and diving championships.[25] He won a second NCAA title in the 200 yard breaststroke, finishing 0.56 seconds ahead of second-place finisher Max McHugh with a time of 1:48.20.[26][27] He placed second in the 400 yard individual medley, with a 3:34.08 to finish behind Hugo González, as well as in the 4×100 yard freestyle relay, where he split a 41.31 for the second leg of the relay to help finish in a final time of 2:46.40.[28][29]

Seven days after the end of the 2022 NCAA Championships, Marchand set a new French record in the 200 metre individual medley at the 2022 Pro Swim Series at Northside Swim Center in San Antonio, United States, with a time of 1:56.95 and won the silver medal behind Shaine Casas who finished in 1:56.70.[30][31] One day earlier, he won the 200 metre breaststroke with a time of 2:09.24.[32]

2022 World Aquatics Championships

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2022 World Championships
  400 m individual medley 4:04.28 (ER,CR)
  200 m individual medley 1:55.22 (NR)
  200 m butterfly 1:53.37 (NR)

On 18 June, the first day of swimming at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships at Danube Arena in Budapest, Hungary, Marchand set a new French record in the 400 metre individual medley in the preliminary heats with a time of 4:09.09, qualifying for the evening final ranking first.[33][34] He lowered his French record and set a new European record and Championships record in the final with a time of 4:04.28 to win the gold medal.[35][36] Two days later, he qualified for the semifinals of the 200 metre butterfly with a time of 1:56.38 and tied rank of eleventh in the prelims.[37] For the semifinals, he ranked 0.18 seconds ahead of the next-fastest swimmer, fifth-ranked Luca Urlando of the United States, and qualified for the final the following day with his new French record time of 1:54.32.[38][39]

The following morning, he qualified for the semifinals of the 200 metre individual medley, swimming a 1:58.70 to tie for eighth-rank heading into the semifinals.[40] For his first race of the evening, he set a new French record in the final of the 200 metre butterfly at 1:53.37 and won the silver medal, finishing behind Kristóf Milák of Hungary and ahead of Tomoru Honda of Japan.[39][41][42] In his final race of the day, the semifinals of the 200 metre individual medley, he set a new French record with a time of 1:55.75 and qualified for the final ranking first.[39][42][43] In the final of the 200 metre individual medley the following day, he won the gold medal with a French record time of 1:55.22.[44][45][46][47][48] With his two gold medals, he became the third French swimmer to achieve two gold medals in individual events at a single FINA World Aquatics Championships, after Laure Manaudou and Florent Manaudou.[45] He also became the first male swimmer representing France to win any medal in the 400 metre individual medley at a World Aquatics Championships and the first since 1998 to win a medal the 200 metre individual medley.[45][49] On 23 June, he split a 1:47.59 for the second leg of the 4×200 metre freestyle relay in the final to help achieve a seventh-place finish in 7:08.78.[50] In the preliminaries of the 4×100 metre medley relay on the eighth day, Marchand helped advance the relay to the final ranking second with a time of 52.09 seconds for the butterfly leg of the relay.[51] He lowered his split to a 51.50 in the final, contributing to a time of 3:32.37 and fifth-place finish[52]

The month after the Championships, Marchand set a new French record in the 200 metre breaststroke with a time of 2:08.76 at the 2022 Spanish Summer Championships in Sabadell, Spain.[53]

2023

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Leading up to NCAA and conference championships season in 2023, Marchand set new NCAA and US Open records in the 400 yard individual medley with a time of 3:31.84 in a dual meet against the California Golden Bears on 21 January.[54][55][56]

2023 Pac-12 Conference Championships

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On 1 March, the first day of the 2023 Pac-12 Conference Championships at King County Aquatic Center in Federal Way, United States, Marchand helped win the conference title in the 4×50 yard medley relay in a Pac-12 Conference and Championships record time of 1:21.69, splitting a 22.98 for the breaststroke leg of the relay.[57][58][59] He repeated the trio of conference title, conference record, and Championships record later in the session in the 4×200 yard freestyle relay, where he contributed a lead-off time of 1:30.77 to the final mark of 6:06.30.[58][59] The times for both relays also set new Arizona State Sun Devils swim program records for the men's events.[58] Following up with a 1:37.81 in the 200 yard individual medley the next day, he won his second-consecutive conference title in the event and lowered his Championships record from the previous year's edition by 1.84 seconds.[57][60][61] On day three, he lowered his US Open and NCAA records in the 400 yard individual medley, setting new conference, Championships, and program records with a time of 3:31.57 to win the conference title.[62][63][64] He split a 49.73 for the breaststroke leg of the 4×100 yard medley relay later in the session, helping win the conference title with a program record time of 3:01.39.[62][63]

The fourth of four days, Marchand broke the US Open and NCAA records of 1:47.91 in the 200 yard breaststroke set by Will Licon in 2017, winning the conference title with a personal best time of 1:47.67.[65][66] For his final event, the 4×100 yard freestyle relay, he led-off with a 41.61 to contribute to a second-place time of 2:46.14.[65] The points allocated for each of his swims contributed to an overall score of 897.5 points for the Arizona State Sun Devils, which earned the men's swim program its first team Pac-12 Conference Championships title.[67][68]

2023 NCAA Championships

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2023 NCAA Championships
  200 yd individual medley 1:36.34 (CR)
  400 yd individual medley 3:28.82 (CR)
  200 yd breaststroke 1:46.91 (CR)
  4×50 yd medley 1:21.07
  4×200 yd freestyle 6:05.08
  4×100 yd medley 2:59.18
  4×100 yd freestyle 2:45.12

Later in the month, at the 2023 NCAA Division I Championships, Marchand helped win the silver medal in the 4×50 yard medley relay in a time of 1:21.07 on the first day of competition, splitting a 22.27 for the breaststroke leg of the relay.[69] Later in the session, he anchored with a 1:28.42 in the 4×200 yard freestyle relay to help win the silver medal in a time of 6:05.08.[69][70] Both relay times set new men's swim program records for the Arizona State Sun Devils.[69] His split time of 22.27 lowered the former fastest 50 yard breaststroke split time in NCAA history of 22.39 seconds set by Max McHugh two heats earlier.[71] His split time of 1:28.42 for his 200-yard portion of the 4×200 yard freestyle relay ranked as the fastest in NCAA history as well.[69] On the second day, he won the NCAA title in the 200 yard individual medley for the second consecutive year, lowering his NCAA, Championships, and US Open records in the event to a 1:36.34.[72][73][74]

In the final of the 400 yard individual medley on the third evening, Marchand won the gold medal with a new NCAA, Championships, and US Open record time of 3:28.82, which was over two full seconds faster than his previous mark of 3:31.57.[75][76] For his second final of the evening, he contributed the fastest 100 yard breaststroke split time in NCAA history (49.23 seconds) to a bronze medal-win in the 4×100 yard medley relay in an Arizona State Sun Devils men's swim program record time of 2:59.18.[77] Starting the fourth finals session with the 200 yard breaststroke, he won his second repeat title and third title overall of the Championships, lowering his NCAA and US Open records as well as setting a new Championships record with a personal best time of 1:46.91.[78][79] Finishing the Championships in the 4×100 yard freestyle relay later in the session, he split a 40.55 for the second leg of the relay to contribute to placing third overall with a program record time of 2:45.12.[80][81] His performances contributed to the first-ever top-five finish for the Arizona State Sun Devils men's swim program at an men's NCAA Division I Swimming and Diving Championships, with the team placing second overall with 430 points, just 52 points behind the first-place team (California Golden Bears) and 46 points ahead of the third-place team (Texas Longhorns).[81]

2023 French Championships

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Following the conclusion of the collegiate championships, Marchand competed at the 2023 TYR Pro Swim Series in April, winning the 400 metre individual medley with a 4:07.80, the 200 metre butterfly with a 1:55.58, the 200 metre breaststroke with a 2:10.52, and the 200 metre individual medley with a 1:55.69.[82][83] In June, he won the gold medal in the 200 metre breaststroke at the 2023 French Elite Swimming Championships on day one in Rennes, finishing in a French record and 2023 World Aquatics Championships qualifying time of 2:06.59 that marked a time drop of 2.17 seconds from his previous personal best and French record time.[84][85][86][87] On the second day, he swam a personal best time of 1:48.70 in the preliminaries of the 200 metre freestyle and qualified ranking seventh for the final, where he won the gold medal with a personal best time of 1:46.44.[88][89]

For the 200 metre butterfly on day three, Marchand won the gold medal with a time of 1:55.79.[90][91] He won his fourth national title on the fourth day in the 200 metre individual medley, where he finished first with a time of 1:56.25 in the final.[92] In the 400 metre individual medley on day five, he achieved a World Championships qualifying time of 4:10.57 in the final and won the gold medal and national title.[93]

2024 Olympics

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At the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, Marchand finished with the most gold medals among individuals participants, with four, and was tied for the second-most total medals, with five (four gold, one bronze), breaking four Olympic records.[94] He won the men's 400 meter individual medley with a time of 4:02.95 for his first career Olympic medal, making him the tenth French swimmer to become Olympic Champion and the first to do so since the 2012 Summer Olympics. On 31 July he won the 200m butterfly and then the 200m breaststroke, setting Olympic records for both events with a time of 1:51.21 for the 200m butterfly and 2:05.85 for the 200m breaststroke. On 2 August 2024, he won his fourth gold medal in 200 m medley, becoming the first French Olympian to win four gold medals at the same Olympic Games.[95][3] Marchand has been mentioned frequently as the next Phelps, including by Phelps himself.[96][97] Marchand was chosen to carry the Olympic flame during the closing ceremony.

2024 World cup

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Following the olympic games in Paris, he competed in the Swimming World Cup. Marchand won gold in all three medley events (100im, 200im, and 400im) at all three World Cup legs, held in Shanghai, Incheon and Singapore. He also broke the 200im world record in short course (1.48.88). Marchand was consequently named as the male winner of the world cup.

International championships (50 m)

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Meet 100 breast 200 breast 200 fly 200 medley 400 medley 4×200 freestyle 4×100 medley
Junior level
EJC 2019   4th  
WJC 2019 15th 10th 7th 7th  
Senior level
EC 2021 28th 14th DNS
OG 2021 14th 18th 6th 10th
WC 2022       7th 5th
WC 2023 DNS       4th 4th
OG 2024          

International championships (25 m)

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Meet 200 fly 100 medley 200 medley 400 medley
EC 2019 30th 22nd 25th 8th

Personal best times

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Long course metres (50 m pool)

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Event Time Meet Location Date Notes Ref
200 m freestyle 1:46.44 2023 French Elite Championships Rennes, France 12 June 2023 [88][89]
100 m breaststroke 59.06 2024 CA Speedo Grand Challenge hosted by NOVA Irvine, California, United States 24 May 2024
200 m breaststroke 2:05.85 2024 Summer Olympics Paris, France 31 July 2024 ER, OR
200 m butterfly 1:51.21 2024 Summer Olympics Paris, France 31 July 2024 NR, OR
200 m individual medley 1:54.06 2024 Summer Olympics Paris, France 2 August 2024 ER, OR
400 m individual medley 4:02.50 2023 World Championships Fukuoka, Japan 23 July 2023 WR [98]
Legend: WR – World record; ER – European record; NR – French record; OR – Olympic record;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Short course yards (25 yd pool)

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Event Time Meet Location Date Notes Ref
100 yd freestyle 40.28 r 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 30 March 2024 [1]
200 yd freestyle 1:28.97 r 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 27 March 2024 former US [99]
500 yd freestyle 4:02.31 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 28 March 2024 US [100][101]
200 yd breaststroke 1:46.35 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 30 March 2024 US
200 yd individual medley 1:36.34 2023 NCAA Division I Championships Minneapolis, United States 23 March 2023 US [72]
400 yd individual medley 3:28.82 2023 NCAA Division I Championships Minneapolis, United States 24 March 2023 US [75][76]
Legend: US – U.S. Open record;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

Records

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Continental and national records

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Long course metres (50 m pool)

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No. Event Time Meet Location Date Age Type Status Ref
1 400 m individual medley 4:16.37 2019 World Junior Swimming Championships Budapest, Hungary 24 August 2019 17 NR Former [15][16]
2 400 m individual medley (2) 4:14.97 FFN Golden Tour – Marseille Marseille 21 March 2021 18 NR Former [16][102]
3 400 m individual medley (3) 4:09.65 2021 French Elite Swimming Championships Chartres 15 June 2021 19 NR Former [18][19][20]
4 200 m individual medley 1:56.95 2022 Pro Swim Series – San Antonio San Antonio, United States 2 April 2022 19 NR Former [30][31]
5 400 m individual medley (4) 4:09.09 h 2022 World Aquatics Championships Budapest, Hungary 18 June 2022 20 NR Former [33][34]
6 400 m individual medley (5) 4:04.28 2022 World Aquatics Championships Budapest, Hungary 18 June 2022 20 ER, NR Existing [35][36]
7 200 m butterfly 1:54.32 sf 2022 World Aquatics Championships Budapest, Hungary 20 June 2022 20 NR Former [38][39]
8 200 m butterfly (2) 1:53.37 2022 World Aquatics Championships Budapest, Hungary 21 June 2022 20 NR Existing [39][41]
9 200 m individual medley (2) 1:55.75 sf 2022 World Aquatics Championships Budapest, Hungary 21 June 2022 20 NR Former [39][43]
10 200 m individual medley (3) 1:55.22 2022 World Aquatics Championships Budapest, Hungary 22 June 2022 20 NR Existing [44]
11 200 m breaststroke 2:08.76 2022 Spanish Summer Championships Sabadell, Spain 23 July 2022 20 NR Former [53]
12 200 m breaststroke 2:06.59 2023 French Elite Championships Rennes 11 June 2023 21 NR Existing [84][85][86][87]
Legend: ER – European record; NR – French record;
Records not set in finals: h – heat; sf – semifinal; r – relay 1st leg; rh – relay heat 1st leg; b – B final; † – en route to final mark; tt – time trial

US Open records

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Short course yards (25 yd pool)

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No. Event Time Meet Location Date Age Status Ref
1 200 yd individual medley 1:37.69 2022 NCAA Division I Championships Atlanta, United States 24 March 2022 19 Former [23][24]
2 400 yd individual medley 3:31.84 2023 Cal vs. ASU Dual Meet Tempe, United States 21 January 2023 20 Former [54][55][56]
3 400 yd individual medley (2) 3:31.57 2023 Pac-12 Conference Championships Federal Way, United States 3 March 2023 20 Former [62][63][64]
4 200 yd breaststroke 1:47.67 2023 Pac-12 Conference Championships Federal Way, United States 4 March 2023 20 Former [65][66]
5 200 yd individual medley (2) 1:36.34 2023 NCAA Division I Championships Minneapolis, United States 23 March 2023 20 Existing [72][73][74]
6 400 yd individual medley (3) 3:28.82 2023 NCAA Division I Championships Minneapolis, United States 24 March 2023 20 Existing [75][76]
7 200 yd breaststroke (2) 1:46.91 2023 NCAA Division I Championships Minneapolis, United States 25 March 2023 20 Former [78][79]
8 500 yd freestyle 4:06.18 2024 Pac-12 Conference Championships Federal Way, United States 7 March 2024 21 Former [103][104]
9 200 yd freestyle 1:28.97 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 27 March 2024 21 Former [105][99]
10 500 yd freestyle (2) 4:02.31 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 28 March 2024 21 Existing [100][101]
11 200 yd breaststroke (3) 1:46.35 2024 NCAA Division I Championships Indianapolis, United States 30 March 2024 21 Existing

Awards and honours

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  • College Swimming and Diving Coaches Association of America (CSCAA), Swimmer of the Year (Men's): 2022[106][107]
  • Pac-12 Conference, Swimmer of the Year (Men's): 2021–2022[108]
  • Pac-12 Conference, Swimmer of the Meet, Pac-12 Conference Men's Swimming and Diving Championships: 2023[68]
  • Pac-12 Conference, Freshman of the Year (Men's): 2021–2022[108]
  • SwimSwam, Swammy Award, NCAA Swimmer of the Meet (Men's): 2022 NCAA Division I Championships[1]
  • SwimSwam, Swammy Award, NCAA Freshman of the Year (Men's): 2022[1]
Orders

References

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  1. ^ a b c Keith, Braden (27 March 2022). "2022 Swammy Awards: NCAA Men's Swimming & Diving". SwimSwam. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  2. ^ a b Bordow, Scott (10 July 2023). "ASU's Léon Marchand swimming toward Olympic gold". Arizona State University News. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  3. ^ a b c "Marchand wins 200m IM for fourth gold; McEvoy wins 50 free". ESPN. The Associated Press. 2 August 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  4. ^ "Après un finish supersonique, Léon Marchand décroche l'or du 200 m papillon devant Kristof Milak aux JO de Paris". L’Equipe. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  5. ^ "Natation aux JO de Paris 2024 : après son titre sur 400 m 4 nages, combien de médailles Léon Marchand peut-il encore décrocher ?". France TV Info. 30 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  6. ^ "Deux titres olympiques en deux heures pour Léon Marchand, sacré sur 200 m brasse aux JO de Paris". L’Equipe. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  7. ^ "Sacré sur le 200 m 4 nages, Léon Marchand s'offre une quatrième médaille d'or aux JO de Paris 2024". L’Equipe. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  8. ^ Zaccardi, Nick. "Léon Marchand is France's new swimming star in perfect timing for Paris Olympics". yahoo! News. NBC Sports. Archived from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
  9. ^ Élisabeth Pineau (26 July 2024). "Léon Marchand: From Toulouse to the United States, the fate of a prodigy". Le Monde (24747): 10.
  10. ^ a b c "2021 Olympics: The Prodigy Léon Marchand, An Olympic Destiny Before America". Franceinfo. France Info. 23 July 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  11. ^ a b c d e Céline Nony (29 July 2023). "How the Dolphin Became a Shark". Le magazine l'Équipe (2132): 22–29.
  12. ^ Laurent Vergne (18 June 2022). "Léon Marchand, great ambitions and feet on the ground: "I am very, very far from Phelps"". eurosport.fr.
  13. ^ "Léon Marchand: "I sent an email to Arizona State and Bob Bowman responded" - Swimming". L'Équipe (in French). Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  14. ^ Scott Bordow (29 July 2023). "ASU's Léon Marchand swimming toward Olympic gold". ASU News (20230710): 22–29.
  15. ^ a b FINA (24 August 2019). "7th FINA World Junior Swimming Championships 2019 Budapest (HUN): Men's 400m Individual Medley Final Results". Omega Timing. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  16. ^ a b c Kehoe, Lydia Ferrari (20 March 2021). "Leon Marchand Downs Own French National Record In 400 IM". SwimSwam. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  17. ^ FINA (25 August 2019). "7th FINA World Junior Swimming Championships 2019 Budapest (HUN): Results Book". Omega Timing. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  18. ^ a b "Championnats de France Elite – 50 m: Résultats 400 4 Nages Messieurs" (in French). French Swimming Federation. 20 June 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  19. ^ a b Byrnes, Liz (15 June 2021). "Leon Marchand Goes 4:09.65 For French 400IM Record At Olympic Trials; Duhamel & Lesaffre Book Tickets". Swimming World. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  20. ^ a b Pecoraro, Nick (15 June 2021). "19-Year-Old ASU Commit Leon Marchand Sets French 400 IM Record At 4:09.65". SwimSwam. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  21. ^ "Swimming MARCHAND Leon". Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  22. ^ Omega Timing; Atos (1 August 2021). "Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: Swimming Results Book" Archived 7 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  23. ^ a b De George, Matthew (24 March 2022). "2022 NCAA Men's Championships: Leon Marchand Breaks Dressel 200 IM Mark with 1:37.69". Swimming World. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  24. ^ a b Gibbs, Robert (24 March 2022). "Freshman Leon Marchand Takes Down Caeleb Dressel 200 IM Record With 1:37.69". SwimSwam. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  25. ^ "Freshmen Sates, Marchand win swimming events at NCAAs". New Haven Register. 24 March 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  26. ^ Rieder, David (26 March 2022). "NCAA Men's Championships: Leon Marchand Concludes Magnificent NCAA Debut With 200 Breast Title". Swimming World. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  27. ^ "Cal takes men's swimming and diving crown back from Texas". ESPN. 26 March 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  28. ^ Rieder, David (25 March 2022). "NCAA Men's Championships: Hugo Gonzalez Crushes Chase Kalisz's 400 IM Record With 3:32.88". Swimming World. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  29. ^ Rieder, David (26 March 2022). "NCAA Men's Championships: Texas Finishes Meet on High Note With 400 Free Relay Triumph". Swimming World. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  30. ^ a b Penland, Spencer (2 April 2022). "Leon Marchand Shatters French Record In 200 IM At PSS San Antonio – 1:56.95". SwimSwam. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  31. ^ a b "Casas clocks top 200m medley time of 2022". France 24. 3 April 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
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