Khaled Sharrouf (born 23 February 1981) was an Australian Jihadist who in 2013 travelled to Syrian territory to fight in the Syrian Civil War on the side of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as Islamic State). Born in Sydney, Australia, in 2017 he was the first Australian dual-national to have his Australian citizenship revoked under anti-terror legislation passed in 2015. In 2014, he posted an image to the Internet showing his seven-year-old son holding the severed head of a Syrian soldier, an act that was widely condemned.
Khaled Sharrouf | |
|---|---|
| Born | 23 February 1981 Auburn, New South Wales, Australia |
| Disappeared | 2015 |
| Status | Presumed dead by drone strike or by airstrike |
| Died | Presumed 2015 or 2017 |
| Citizenship | Syria Australia (1981-2017) |
| Known for | Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant member, 2012 Sydney protests |
| Movement | Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant |
| Spouse | Tara Nettleton (deceased) |
| Children | 5 |
He was reportedly killed in June 2015, and again in August 2017, but his death has remained unverified.[1][2]
Early life
editGrowing up in the 1980s, Sharrouf had a dysfunctional childhood, reportedly living a troubled youth filled with crime and mental illness. He was abandoned by his father for a period. During his teens, he both used and dealt drugs. He did not grow up as a practising Muslim. Jamal Rifi, a local GP, said that Sharrouf was initially diagnosed as having depression, but later believed that it was schizophrenia.[3]
Imam Sheikh Taj El-Din Hilaly described Sharrouf "as an empty vase, which could be filled with anything, and it was filled with rubbish ideology."[3]
In 2005, Sharrouf was arrested at his home in Wiley Park along with eight others during an Australian anti-terror investigation code-named Operation Pendennis. He was imprisoned for four years and released on parole in 2009 after a judge and psychiatrist "cautiously believed" that he would "abandon his radical beliefs."[4][5][6][7] After his release from prison, Sharrouf was employed for some time by George Alex; Alex was later convicted of money laundering and tax evasion during this period.[8]
Sharrouf was involved in planning the 2012 Sydney protests regarding the film Innocence of Muslims.[9]
In Syria
editSharrouf travelled from Sydney Airport to ISIL-controlled territory on 6 December 2013 using his brother's passport.[10] He later joined the group in 2014.[11] His activities received wide coverage in Australia in August 2014 after he posted a photo of his son holding a severed head. The incident was condemned by Australian leaders and by the public.[12][13] The incident raised concerns about Australian Muslims being recruited for terrorist activity abroad, and the possibility that the recruits would return to Australia and conduct attacks.[14]
Sharrouf was reported to have been killed on 19 June 2015 by a drone strike.[15] His death was not confirmed, and later reports suggested that he was still alive.[16] The Australian government was unable to confirm his death.[17]
With Mohamed Elomar, Sharrouf posted photographs of severed heads or dead and mutilated bodies.[18]
In February 2017, he was the first person to have his Australian citizenship revoked under new anti-terror laws passed in 2015.[5][19][18]
On 11 August 2017, he was reported to have been killed by a coalition airstrike while driving near Raqqa, Syria, along with two of his sons.[2][20] When questioned, the Department of Immigration and Border Protection Minister Peter Dutton said that Sharrouf's death would be nothing to mourn.[18]
Personal life
editSharrouf was married to Tara Nettleton, an Australian woman. In 2014 she brought to the Islamic State their five children: Zaynab, Hoda, Abdullah, Zarqawi and Hamzah.[21][22] In 2015, it was reported that Nettleton wanted to return with her five children to Australia.[23] According to a family friend, Nettleton died in 2015, which her mother, Karen Nettleton, learned about January 2016. Nettleton is believed to have died in Syria following complications from appendix surgery.[24][25]
The two oldest boys, Abdullah and Zarqawi, began attending IS training camps.[26] They reportedly died with their father in the 2017 Raqqa airstrike.[27] Sharrouf's eldest daughter Zaynab was married to an ISIL jihadist at 13 years old and gave birth to a child at 14 years old.[21] The father was Mohamed Elomar, an Australian ISIS fighter and friend of her father. After Elomar was killed in an airstrike around 2015, Zaynab remarried another friend of her father and had another child. After the children were orphaned, they fled Zaynab's husband in Baghouz in March 2019. In April 2019, the Sharrouf children were reunited with their Australian grandmother in a camp in Syria, expressing the urge to return to Australia. The Australian prime minister Scott Morrison at the time said such an extraction was too dangerous, while the Australian Opposition Leader Bill Shorten called for the children to be allowed home.[28]
On 24 June 2019, it was reported that eight Australian children had been evacuated from a Syrian refugee camp, including three orphaned children of Khaled Sharrouf. The Australian government evacuated the children secretly while working with aid groups.[27] The eldest child had two children of her own, also evacuated.[27] Zaynab Sharrouf was also heavily pregnant at the time of the rescue, which took place on 23 June at 16:30 Australian Eastern Standard Time in Northern Syria. It was the "first organised return of Australians from the conflict zone." At the time, The Australian said that around 70 Australians were in refugee camps or detention centers in northern Syria.[29] Around 50 were women and children, many "sick and injured."[30][31][32] Officials said they would be psychologically analyzed before being brought to Australia and repatriated.[33] As of 2024, his fate and whereabouts remain unknown.
External links
edit- "The ruins of Raqqa" Archived 22 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine, a 2018 documentary produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and distributed by Deutsche Welle's DW-TV, which in part follows reporter Matt Brown interviewing residents of Syria and Iraq who encountered Sharrouf and his family, including Yazidi women held as slaves who served the family
References
edit- ^
Rachel Olding, David Wroe, Michael Koziol (16 August 2017). "Islamic State fighter Khaled Sharrouf and sons believed killed in Syria". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Anna Patty (21 March 2016). "Khaled Sharrouf's daughter, Zaynab Sharrouf, tells of 'normal' life in Syria". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
- ^ a b "The life and crimes of Australian jihadist Khaled Sharrouf". Radio National. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
- ^ Olding, Rachel (24 August 2014). "Terrifying legacy emerges from success of Operation Pendennis". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
- ^ a b Maley, Paul (11 February 2016). "Khaled Sharrouf stripped of citizenship under anti-terror laws". The Australian. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
- ^ "Khaled Sharrouf". Counter Extremism Project.
- ^ "The Sydney suspects". The Sydney Morning Herald. 12 November 2005.
- ^ "'I love a cunning plan': How crime boss cut CFMEU-endorsed and tax-dodging deals". The Sydney Morning Herald. 3 September 2024.
- ^ "How the Hyde Park riot fired up two Australian Muslim terrorists, Khaled Sharrouf and Mohamed Elomar". The Daily Telegraph (Sydney). 1 October 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
- ^ "Islamic State: Khaled Sharrouf passed airport checks, evaded authorities in less than two minutes". ABC News. 16 June 2015.
- ^ "Australian National Security – Islamic State". Australian Government. Archived from the original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
- ^ "Khaled Sharrouf's sister describes his actions fighting with IS as 'abhorrent'". smh.com.au. 2 October 2014.
- ^ Maley, Paul (12 August 2014). "Jihad's 'child soldiers' spark calls for action on extremists". The Australian. Retrieved 12 August 2014.
- ^ Brendan Nicholson (17 July 2014). "Returned radicalised jihadis 'a significant risk', says ASIO". The Australian. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
- ^ Welch, Dylan (24 June 2015). "Khaled Sharrouf may have been targeted in drone strike months before his death, barrister says". ABC. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ "Terrorist Khaled Sharrouf still alive after drone attack that killed Mohamed Elomar". news.com.au. News Limited. 28 June 2015. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ Ferrier, Tracey (30 April 2017). "Who is Khaled Sharrouf and is he alive?". NewsComAu. Australian Associated Press. Archived from the original on 3 May 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
- ^ a b c Benson, Simon; Maley, Paul; Bearup, Greg (additional reporting) (17 August 2017). "Aussie intel pinpointed Sharrouf for US strike". The Australian (www.theaustralian.com.au). News Corp. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
- ^ Williams, Jacqueline (13 February 2017). "ISIS Fighter's Australian Citizenship Is Revoked Under Antiterror Laws". New York Times.
- ^ Welch, Dylan; Dredge, Suzanne (16 August 2017). "Australian terrorist Khaled Sharrouf believed to have been killed in air strike". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
- ^ a b Erin Marie Saltman; Melanie Smith (2015). 'Till Martyrdom Do Us Part' Gender and the ISIS Phenomenon (PDF). Institute for Strategic Dialogue. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
- ^ "Khaled Sharrouf, Australian Isis terrorist, killed in Syria – reports". The Guardian. 16 August 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
- ^ McKenzie, Nick (27 May 2015), IS fighter Khaled Sharrouf's wife and children seek return to Australia, SMH
- ^ "Tara Nettleton, widow of Australian Islamic State terrorist, dies in Syria". The Sydney Morning Herald. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
- ^ "Tara Nettleton, widow of Isis fighter Khaled Sharrouf, dies in Syria – reports". The Guardian. 10 February 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
- ^ Welch, Dylan (24 June 2019), Sharrouf children among Australian orphans freed from Syrian warzone in secret rescue mission, United States: ABC, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ a b c Australian children of IS militants rescued from Syria camp, United Kingdom: BBC, 23 June 2019, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ Bourke, Latika (15 April 2019), 'When the hell are we getting back home': Khaled Sharrouf's children speak, Sydney, Australia: SMH, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ Maley, Paul (24 June 2019), Terrorists' Aussie kids rescued from Syrian camp, Australia: The Australian, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ Noyes, Jenny (24 June 2019), Sharrouf children to return to Australia after rescue from Syrian refugee camp, Sydney, Australia: The Sydney Morning Herald, archived from the original on 24 June 2019, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ Hollingsworth, Julia (24 June 2019), Australian children of ISIS fighters rescued from Syria, United States: CNN, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ Australia rescues children of dead IS fighters from Syria, Reuters: New Straits Times, 24 June 2019, retrieved 24 June 2019
- ^ Australia rescues children of dead Islamic State fighters from Syria, CNA, 24 June 2019, archived from the original on 25 June 2019, retrieved 24 June 2019