The Kadar dialect (G'adaran lug'at / Гъадаран лугъат) is a dialect of the Northern Dargwa language, one of the Dargin languages, which is characterized by specific phonetic, morphological, lexical and syntactic features. It is traditionally regarded as a single dialect of Dargwa.[4][1] The vocabulary layer of the Kadar dialect includes words borrowed from Arabic, Persian, Russian and especially Turkic, due to contact with Kumyk.[5]
| Kadar | |
|---|---|
| Гъадаран лугъат G'adaran lug'at | |
| Pronunciation | [ʁadaran][1] |
| Native to | Russia |
| Region | Dagestan |
| Ethnicity | 18,000 Kadar Dargins |
Native speakers | (undated figure of 18,000)[2] 9,000 (2006)[3] |
Northeast Caucasian
| |
| Dialects | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | kada1294 Kadarskij |
_2021.png) Northern Dargwa, with Kadar at the top left of the map | |
Phonology
editKadar has 39 consonants and 5 vowels.[6] Gemination does not occur, as in other Dargin languages, but there are labialized consonants, being [gʷ] and [kʷ].
| Labial | Dental | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal/ Epiglottal |
Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | sib. | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ɢ | ʡ | |||
| voiceless | p | t | t͡s | t͡ʃ | k | q | ʔ | |||
| ejective | pʼ | tʼ | t͡sʼ | t͡ʃʼ | kʼ | qʼ | ||||
| Fricative | voiced | v | z | ʒ | (ʝ) | ʁ | ||||
| voiceless | f | s | ʃ | ç | χ | ħ | h | |||
| Sonorant | l | r | j | |||||||
Grammar
editCase
editKadar has less cases than other Dargin languages.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b Коряков, Юрий (2021). "Даргинские языки и их классификация" [Dargwa languages and their classification]. In Майсак, Т. А.; Сумбатова, Н. Р.; Тестелец, Я. Г. (eds.). Дурхъаси Хазна. Сборник Статей К 60-Летию Р. О. Муталова / Ред. Т. А. Майсак, Н. Р. Сумбатова, Я. Г. Тестелец. М.: Буки Веди Дурхъаси хазна. Сборник статей к 60-летию Р. О. Муталова (in Russian). Буки Веди. pp. 139–154. ISBN 978-5-6045633-5-9.
- ^ "Кадарский язык | Малые языки России". minlang.iling-ran.ru. Retrieved 2024-08-26.
- ^ Kori︠a︡kov, I︠U︡ B. (2006). Atlas kavkazskikh i︠a︡zykov: s prilozheniem polnogo reestra i︠a︡zykov. Institut i︠a︡zykoznanii︠a︡ (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk). Moskva: Piligrim. ISBN 978-5-9900772-1-8.
- ^ Berg, Helma van den (2001). Dargi folktales : oral stories from the Caucasus with an introduction to Dargi grammar. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies, Universiteit Leiden. ISBN 9057890666.
- ^ Vagizieva, Naida A.; Temirbulatova, Sapiyahanum M. (30 October 2016). "ТЮРКИЗМЫ В КАДАРСКОМ ДИАЛЕКТЕ ДАРГИНСКОГО ЯЗЫКА" [Turkisms in the Kadar Dialect of the Dargin Language]. Bulletin of the Kalmyk Institute for Humanities of the Russian Academy of Sciences (in Russian). 25 (3): 83–89. doi:10.22162/2075-7794-2016-25-3-83-89. ISSN 2075-7794. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
- ^ "Салим Герейбеков КАДАРСКИЙ ДИАЛЕКТ ДАРГИНСКОГО ЯЗЫКА". infourok.ru. Archived from the original on 2019-12-05. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
- ^ Mutalov, R. O.; Bagamaeva, M. S. (2019). "The declension and case system in the Kadar language". Liberal Arts in Russia. 8 (5): 343. doi:10.15643/libartrus-2019.5.4.
External links
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