KANG-TV was a television station on ultra high frequency (UHF) channel 34 in Waco, Texas, United States. It was owned by the Texas Broadcasting Company and was the first station to serve Waco, beginning on November 1, 1953, and closing down on December 31, 1955. The station's assets and CBS network affiliation were acquired by KWTX-TV (channel 10), and KANG-TV's owners, the Texas Broadcasting Company run by Lady Bird Johnson, acquired 29 percent of KWTX television and radio.
| |
|---|---|
| Channels | |
| Programming | |
| Affiliations | ABC, CBS, DuMont |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Texas Broadcasting Company |
| History | |
First air date | November 1, 1953 |
Last air date | December 31, 1955 (2 years, 60 days) |
| Technical information | |
| ERP | 18.6 kW[1] |
| HAAT | 500 ft (152 m)[1] |
| Transmitter coordinates | 31°32′08″N 91°11′21″W / 31.53556°N 91.18917°W |
Construction
editWhen the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) lifted its freeze on television station applications in 1952, Waco had received one channel in the superior very high frequency (VHF) band with two local radio stations fighting for it: KWTX and WACO. It also had a commercial channel assignment in the new ultra high frequency (UHF) band, channel 34.[2] The Central Texas Television Company, owned by Hamilton car dealer and radio station owner Clyde L. Weatherby, filed for the UHF channel. Though the FCC initially asked for additional information about the company's financial qualifications, it granted the firm a construction permit for channel 34 on November 14, 1952.[3]
Several months passed before meaningful activity began toward building the station. A manager was named in July, at which time it was decided not to build a tower atop the Medical Arts Building as originally proposed.[4] In August, the FCC granted permission for the station to erect a 600-foot (180 m) tower on a site at the corner of Bosque Boulevard and Lake Air Drive, and construction would begin immediately on studio facilities there.[5] By this time, the station had already signed for affiliation with ABC.[6]
After the first test pattern aired on October 17,[7] the station began commercial broadcasting at 1:30 p.m. on November 1, 1953, four hours before KCEN-TV (channel 6) in Temple, the region's NBC affiliate and a VHF station.[8] Originally, the station had a single camera to produce local programming at its studio.[9] In addition to ABC, KANG-TV was an affiliate of the DuMont Television Network at launch,[10] though initially it had programming from all four major networks.[11]
Financial difficulties and sale to Texas Broadcasting Company
editThe arrival of a second new VHF station on channel 10 presented an immediate obstacle to KANG-TV's survival. As with other UHF stations in similarly disadvantaged markets, it petitioned the FCC to force its competitor to move from channel 10 to UHF channel 66; it claimed that it could not compete as the only UHF station in a market with effectively two VHF outlets (including Temple's KCEN-TV).[12] The FCC rejected this proposal in October 1954 and awarded channel 10 to KWTX over WACO.[13][14] In building the station, Weatherby later told Donald S. Thomas, a friend, that he believed there would be a longer fight between KWTX and WACO for channel 10—the comparative hearing phase took two weeks, a record for the time[15]—and that he had overestimated the demand for a UHF television station that required converters or special all-channel sets to be viewed.[16]
Faced with a bleak economic picture, in November, Central Texas Television Company filed to sell KANG-TV to the Texas Broadcasting Company, which owned KTBC radio and television in Austin, for $115,000 plus the assumption of $19,000 in debt. The sellers told the FCC that they had failed to secure sufficient advertising to prevent losses[17] and that their deficit surpassed $145,000. The sale received swift FCC approval in early December; it brought KANG-TV under the ownership of Lady Bird Johnson, wife of then-senator Lyndon B. Johnson.[18] Weatherby had been one of Lady Bird Johnson's classmates in college.[16]
On April 3, 1955, KWTX-TV began telecasting.[19] However, the new station had no network affiliation. KWTX officials attributed this to monopolistic behavior by Texas Broadcasting, whose KANG-TV continued to be the affiliate of CBS, ABC, and DuMont, and challenged a power increase proposed by KTBC-TV.[20]
Closure and legacy
editOn December 24, 1955, the general managers of KANG-TV and KWTX-TV jointly announced that the stations would merge; KWTX would acquire all of KANG's assets save the license, while KANG stockholders would become minority owners of the KWTX Broadcasting Company.[21] At midnight on December 31, 1955, KANG-TV ceased broadcasting. KWTX-TV then became the new CBS affiliate in the Waco area. In a prepared statement, the general manager of KANG-TV declared that the station had operated at a loss for its entire history and that the only way to prevent additional losses was to take it off the air.[22]
The KANG-TV studios were put up for lease and were used by two tenants after the television station closed. The first was a new church, the Western Heights Baptist Church.[23] From 1961 to 1963, Success Motivation Institute (SMI), a Waco-based producer of motivational speech recordings and executive training courses, occupied the building, but this was temporary, and plans were in motion to construct a new facility for the company.[24][25] The building was demolished in 1963 to make way for a new motel.[26]
The association between KWTX's ownership and Johnson interests continued for more than 40 years after the merger of KANG-TV into KWTX-TV. The LBJ Holding Company continued to partly own the station into the 1990s.[27]
References
edit- ^ a b "KANG-TV". Television Factbook. Fall 1955. p. 211.
- ^ "12-Month Wait Seen on Waco TV Decision". The Waco News-Tribune. April 15, 1952. p. 5. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Hamilton Man Gets First TV Waco Permit". The Waco Times-Herald. November 13, 1952. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Bob Walker Will Manage Waco's First TV Station". Waco Tribune-Herald. Waco, Texas. July 5, 1953. p. II:14. Retrieved September 3, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "KANG-TV Due To Be on Air In September". The Waco News-Tribune. August 22, 1953. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "ABC-TV Signs Seven; Affiliates Total 124". Broadcasting. June 22, 1953. p. 72. ProQuest 1285703041.
- ^ "KANG Begins Test Patterns Here Saturday". Waco Tribune-Herald. Waco, Texas. October 18, 1953. p. I:9. Retrieved September 3, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "2 New Central Texas TV Stations on Air". The Waco Times-Herald. November 2, 1953. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Here's What You May Expect When KANG-TV Takes Shape". The Waco Tribune-Herald. Waco, Texas. July 19, 1953. p. III:3. Retrieved September 3, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "KANG Studio Beehive of Activity As First Waco TV Broadcasts Begin". The Waco News-Tribune. October 20, 1953. p. TV 3. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "KANG Announces Listing Of National TV Shows". The Waco News-Tribune. October 20, 1953. p. TV 3. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "TV Station In Waco Asks New Channel". The Waco News-Tribune. Associated Press. August 20, 1954. p. I:13. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Two New UHF TVs Get FCC Approval". Broadcasting. October 25, 1954. pp. 66, 68. ProQuest 1285726080.
- ^ "Channel 10 in Waco Awarded to KWTX: WACO's Bid Denied After Long Dispute". The Waco Times-Herald. October 7, 1954. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Decision Due Later on TV Case in Waco". The Waco News-Tribune. January 16, 1954. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b Ryan, Terri Jo (February 21, 2009). "The beginning of Waco's TV history". Waco Tribune-Herald.
- ^ "Stations in 4 Cities File for Transfers". Broadcasting. November 29, 1954. p. 84. ProQuest 1285731701.
- ^ "FCC Approves KANG-TV Sale To KTBC-AM-TV Austin". Broadcasting. December 6, 1954. p. 72. ProQuest 1285724586.
- ^ "KWTX-TV Begins Telecasts Sunday". The Waco Times-Herald. April 2, 1955. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "KTBC-TV Power Increase Protested By KWTX-TV". Broadcasting. May 9, 1955. p. 65. ProQuest 1401214567.
- ^ "Waco TV Stations Plan Merger, Details Monday". The Waco News-Tribune. December 25, 1955. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Barron, Woody (December 30, 1955). "Details Of TV Merger Announced". The Waco News-Tribune. pp. 1, 3. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Western Heights Celebrates 25th". The Waco Citizen. July 24, 1981. p. 5. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "SMI Moves Into New Office Space". Waco Tribune-Herald. August 6, 1961. p. 6-B. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "SMI Looking Forward To Move Into New Home". Waco Tribune-Herald. May 13, 1962. p. 4. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "New Motor Hotel Planned". Waco Tribune-Herald. March 10, 1963. p. 1. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Wilson, Janet (May 21, 1996). "How $17,500 became $150 million: Inside the LBJ Co". Austin American-Statesman. pp. A1, A8, A9. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.