John Critcher (March 11, 1820 – September 27, 1901) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia.

John Critcher
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Virginia's 1st district
In office
March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873
Preceded byRichard S. Ayer
Succeeded byJames B. Sener
Member of the Virginia Senate from King George, Westmoreland, Richmond, Northumberland and Lancaster Counties
In office
1874–1877
Preceded byMeriwether Lewis
Succeeded byEdwin Betts
Member of the Virginia Senate from Westmoreland, Lancaster, Richmond and Northumberland Counties
In office
1860–1861
Preceded byRichard L. T. Beale
Succeeded byGeorge Lewis
Personal details
Born(1820-03-11)March 11, 1820
Oak Grove, Virginia, US
DiedSeptember 27, 1901(1901-09-27) (aged 81)
Alexandria, Virginia, US
Resting placeIvy Hill Cemetery, Alexandria, Virginia
Political partyDemocratic
Other political
affiliations
Know Nothing (1850s)
Alma materUniversity of Virginia
OccupationAttorney
Military service
AllegianceConfederate States of America
Branch/serviceConfederate States Army
RankLieutenant Colonel
Battles/warsAmerican Civil War

Early and family life

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Born at Oak Grove, Westmoreland County, Virginia on March 11, 1820 to John Critcher and his wife, the former Sally Winter Covington, Critcher had a younger brother, Henry Payson Critcher (1826–1904), but his mother died shortly after the birth of her daughter Sarah, who died as an infant. John Critcher attended Brent's Preparatory School. He then went to Charlottesville, Virginia and attended the University of Virginia, graduating in 1839, and later pursued higher studies in France for three years.

About three years after his father's death at the family's plantation, "Waterview", on November 10, 1857, in Hampton, Virginia, John Critcher married Elizabeth Thomasia Kennon Whiting. Their first daughter, Elizabeth Whiting Critcher (1858–1863) did not survive to adulthood. However, their son John Critcher (1861–1939), born at the plantation "Audley" in Oak Grove and three daughters did survive their parents: Anne Wythe Mallory Critcher Gatewood (1860–1924), Louisa Kennon Critcher (1866–1939) and the painter Catharine Carter Critcher (1868–1964).

Career

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Critcher was admitted to the bar in 1842 and commenced practice in Westmoreland County, Virginia.

American Civil War

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John Critcher in the Civil war
 
Grave marker of John Critcher

He served in the Virginia State Senate 1861 and as a member of the State secession convention in 1861. During the Civil War, Critcher enlisted as a major and later served as lieutenant colonel of the 15th Virginia Cavalry in the Confederate States Army.

Shortly after the war's end, the Virginia General Assembly appointed him judge of the eighth judicial circuit, but he was removed under Congressional Reconstruction, specifically the resolution dated February 18, 1869, which provided that anyone who had borne arms against the United States should be dismissed from office within thirty days, although Critcher later became a judge in Alexandria, Virginia after Reconstruction ended.

Postwar career

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When former Union officer Richard S. Ayer declined to run for re-election, Critcher was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second Congress (March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873). Northern Neck voters then elected Critcher again to the Virginia Senate (still a part-time position), where he served another four-year term (1873–1877), and was succeeded by William Mayo.[1]

Critcher still operated a Westmoreland County farm during the 1880 census, but moved to Alexandria, Virginia, where he was a judge by 1894.

Death and legacy

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Critcher died in Alexandria, Virginia, September 27, 1901. He was interred in Ivy Hill Cemetery.

Elections

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  • 1857; Critcher ran on the American Party ticket for the U.S. House of Representatives and lost to Democrat Muscoe R.H. Garnett.
  • 1870; Critcher was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives unopposed.

References

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  1. ^ Cynthia Miller Leonard, The General Assembly of Virginia, 1619–1978 (Richmond, Virginia State Library, 1978) pp. 520, 524


  • United States Congress. "John Critcher (id: C000911)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Virginia's 1st congressional district

1871–1873
Succeeded by

  This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress