James Francis Jewell Archibald (September 22, 1871 – May 29, 1934) was an American war correspondent.[1] He was the first man wounded in the Spanish–American War.[2] He was embedded with German troops in World War I and was arrested when he returned to the United States.[3][4]
James Francis Jewell Archibald | |
|---|---|
 Archibald circa 1915 | |
| Born | September 22, 1871 |
| Died | May 29, 1934 (aged 62) |
| Known for | first man wounded in the Spanish–American War |
Biography
editHe was born on September 22, 1871, in Chautauqua County, New York to Dr. Francis Albert Archibald and Martha Washington Jewell.[3] He graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1888.[2]
By 1910 he was living in Washington, DC.[5]
He was detained by the British in World War I and was found to be carrying a letter from Constantin Theodor Dumba, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to the United States to Stephan Burián von Rajecz, the Minister for Foreign Affairs in Vienna.[6] The letter described a plan to delay the production of American munitions by a strike action.[7] He was charged with performing an "unneutral service" and later released.[6]
His wife filed for divorce in 1927.[8]
He committed suicide with a gunshot on May 29, 1934, in Hollywood, California.[1]
Publications
editFootnotes
edit- ^ a b "J.F.J. Archibald Suicide on Coast. War Correspondent Was Accused in 1915 of Carrying Dispatches for Germany. Britons Seized Papers. Expulsion of von Papen and Dr. Dumba Followed, on Evidence of a Plot to Foment Strikes". Associated Press in the New York Times. May 29, 1934. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
- ^ a b Motter, H. L. (1911). "James Francis Jewell Archibald". The International Who's who: Who's who in the World. Retrieved 2013-12-06.
- ^ a b Roth, Mitchel P.; Olson, James Stuart (1997). "James Francis Jewell Archibald". Historical Dictionary of War Journalism. p. 11. ISBN 9780313291715. Retrieved 2013-12-06.
- ^ "To Prosecute J. F. J. Archibald. Indictment May Be Found In New York Against The Correspondent". Los Angeles Times. September 11, 1915. Retrieved 2013-12-06.
- ^ 1910 United States Census for Washington, DC
- ^ a b "Say American Had Messages For Berlin. James Archibald. Correspondent, Carrying Embassy Dispatches, British Charge". New York Times. September 2, 1915.
- ^ "Archibald Lands. Tells His Story. Supposed Dumba's and Other Letters He Carried Abroad Were Innocent, He Asserts". New York Times. September 21, 1915. Retrieved 2013-12-06.
- ^ "War Correspondent Sued. Wife of J.F.J. Archibald Seeks Divorce, Alleging Misconduct Here". New York Times. January 25, 1928. Retrieved 2013-12-06.