Hyloxalus awa is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known from the western Andean slopes and the western Pacific lowlands.[1][3][4]
| Hyloxalus awa | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Dendrobatidae |
| Genus: | Hyloxalus |
| Species: | H. awa
|
| Binomial name | |
| Hyloxalus awa (Coloma, 1995)
| |
| Synonyms[3] | |
|
Colostethus awa Coloma, 1995[2] | |
Description
editMales measure 16–22 mm (0.63–0.87 in) and females 19–26 mm (0.75–1.02 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsum is reddish brown with diffuse dark marks. Flanks are dark gray.[2][4]
Etymology
editScientists named this frog awa for the Awa indigenous people. They live in some of the same places as the frog. The word "Awa" means "people."[5]
Reproduction
editThe male call is a trill of about 3–5 seconds in duration, emitted at a rate of six calls per minute.[2] Males are territorial and aggressive towards other males. Under laboratory conditions, mating takes place in morning and clutch size is 4 to 21 eggs.[4] Eggs are laid on leaf-litter or low vegetation; the adults carry the tadpoles on their back to nearby streams where they complete their development.[1]
Habitat and conservation
editNatural habitats of Hyloxalus awa are humid sub-montane tropical forest at elevations of 40–1,327 m (131–4,354 ft) above sea level. It is threatened by habitat loss due to agriculture (both crops and livestock), logging, and agricultural pollution.[1]
The frog's range includes several protected park: Reserva Ecológica Manglares Cayapas Mataje, Refugio de Vida Silvestre Manglares Estuario del Río Muisne, Reserva Ecológica Mache-Chindul, Reserva Ecológica Cotacachi-Cayapas, Refugio de Vida Silvestre El Pambilar, Reserva Ecológica Los Ilinizas.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Hyloxalus awa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T55049A98644118. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T55049A98644118.en. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
- ^ a b c Coloma, L. A. (1995). "Ecuadorian frogs of the genus Colostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae)". Miscellaneous Publication, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 87: 1–72.
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2024). "Hyloxalus awa (Coloma, 1995)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
- ^ a b c Coloma, L. A.; Ortiz, D.A.; Frenkel, C. & Pazmiño-Armijos, G. (2022). Ron, S. R.; Merino-Viteri, A. & Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Hyloxalus awa". Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2022.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
- ^ Luis A. Coloma; Diego A. Ortiz; Caty Frenkel; Gabriela Pazmiño-Armijos (December 13, 2004). Luis A. Coloma (ed.). "Hyloxalus awa (Frost, 1986)". AmphibiaWeb (in Spanish). University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved September 7, 2024.