Henry Francis Cronin CBE, MC, BSc (Eng) (1894 – 11 January 1977) was a British civil engineer and army officer.[1] He served in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and the Royal Engineers during the First World War and was awarded the Military Cross for constructing defensive works and taking part in assaults under heavy fire. Cronin was appointed chief engineer of London's Metropolitan Water Board in 1939 and held that position until 1959. During the London Blitz he worked hard to maintain water supplies for fire fighting.
Henry Francis Cronin | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1894 |
| Died | 11 January 1977 (aged 82–83) |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Engineer |
| Engineering career | |
| Discipline | Civil |
| Institutions | Institution of Civil Engineers (president), |
Early life and First World War
editHenry Francis Cronin was born in Ketton, Rutland in 1894. He studied engineering and was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree.[2] Cronin served as a commissioned officer in the British Army during World War I. He was commissioned in September 1914[3] and was appointed to the rank of Temporary Lieutenant in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers.[4] He transferred in the same rank to the Royal Engineers on 19 May 1917.[4]
Whilst serving with the Royal Engineers, Cronin was awarded the Military Cross in 1918 for gallantry in battle at an unspecified location. He was ordered to follow behind an attacking infantry unit with a section of sappers and to assist with the construction of strongpoints to make the position more defendable.[5] Cronin reached the front with his men and immediately began the construction of field defences despite being under extremely heavy enemy fire from a flank. This fire eventually became so heavy that he halted works and assisted the infantry with the mopping up of enemy resistance. In the course of this Cronin assaulted enemy positions and captured several prisoners of war.[5] He then resumed construction of the defensive works. Cronin's actions were said, in his medal citation, to have "very greatly helped" the success of the attack.[5]
Second World War
editCronin was appointed Chief Engineer of the Metropolitan Water Board in 1939 and remained in that post throughout the war.[6] During the period of the London Blitz he worked hard to maintain water supplies, essential for fire fighting and vulnerable to bomb damage. During the bombings breaks averaged one per day per 100 miles of water pipe, rising to one break per day per mile in some areas of London.[7]
Cronin resumed his association with the military on 29 October 1943 when he was appointed lieutenant colonel of the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps, an unpaid Territorial Army unit which provided technical expertise to the British Army.[8] By this stage he was a professional member of both the Institution of Civil Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. In 1944, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for services to Civil Defence.[9]
Post-war
editIn 1942 and 1945 Cronin served as president of the Institution of Water Engineers.[10][11] He was a member of the American Water Works Association from 1944 and in 1956 was awarded honorary membership in recognition for his devotion to duty during the London Blitz.[12] Cronin wrote a report on the flooding in the Lea Valley following the Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom.[13]
Cronin was promoted to colonel in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps on 6 September 1950.[14] Cronin retired from the corps on 25 February 1957, receiving permission to retain the use of his rank.[15] Cronin was elected president of the Institution of Civil Engineers in May 1952 for the November 1952 to November 1953 session.[1] Cronin addressed the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1953 and in 1954 was appointed a fellow of Imperial College London.[16][17] Cronin retired from the Metropolitan Water Board in 1959 and died in 1977.[1][18]
References
edit- ^ a b c Watson 1988, p. 253.
- ^ Masterton, Gordon (2005), ICE Presidential Address (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 24 February 2009, retrieved 11 February 2009
- ^ London Gazette, 22 September 1914
- ^ a b "No. 30173". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 July 1917. p. 6850.
- ^ a b c "No. 30813". The London Gazette (Supplement). 23 July 1918. p. 8791.
- ^ Smith, Denis (2001). London and the Thames Valley. Thomas Telford. p. 56. ISBN 9780727728760. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ Water Works Engineering. 1941. p. 1392. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ "No. 36353". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 January 1944. p. 574.
- ^ LondonGazette 8 June 1944
- ^ "Abstracts of Water Works Literature". Journal (American Water Works Association). 38 (8): 983–992. August 1946. Bibcode:1946JAWWA..38h.983.. doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1946.tb20468.x. JSTOR 23347465.
- ^ Surveyor. 1945. p. 278. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ "Earn Tribute" (PDF). Mueller Record. June 1956. p. 13. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ "Floods in the Lee Valley, March 1947. Reports by H.F. Cronin and E.F.W. Mackenzie". ICE Library. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ "No. 39009". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 September 1950. p. 4476.
- ^ "No. 41010". The London Gazette (Supplement). 22 February 1957. p. 1281.
- ^ Imperial College London, Fellows and Honorary Graduates of Imperial College, retrieved 13 March 2009
- ^ "Problems of Supplying London, England, with Water". Civil Engineering Database. American Society of Civil Engineers. 1953. pp. 604–623. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
- ^ Water and Water Engineering. Fuel & Metallurgical Journals Limited. 1959. p. 338. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
Bibliography
edit- Watson, Garth (1988), The Civils, Thomas Telford Ltd, ISBN 978-0-7277-0392-7