Wikipedia

Hans Schumm

Hans Josef Schumm (né Johann Josef Eugen Schumm; 2 April 1896 Stuttgart – 2 February 1990 Los Angeles) was a German-born-turned-American actor, notably, a prolific and critically acclaimed Hollywood screen character actor[3][4][5][6] who appeared in some 95 films – including a co-starring villainous role in a 12-episode serial. He also appeared in 15 TV productions and several stage productions, including one on Broadway. Except for about ten cinema productions, Schumm's body of work in cinema and television was filmed in the United States. On stage and in film, he is credited as Hans Josef Schumm or simply Hans Schumm; but in seven films, he is credited under the pseudonym André Pola — three in 1948, one in 1949, one in 1954, and one 1956.[a] In his private life, he was known as Joseph Schumm and Johann J.E. Schumm.

Hans Josef Schumm
Born(1896-04-02)April 2, 1896
Stuttgart, Germany
DiedFebruary 2, 1990(1990-02-02) (aged 93)[1][2]
Los Angeles, U.S.
Other namesAndre Pola
(film pseudonym in 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956)
CitizenshipGerman (1896–1941)
U.S. (1941–1990)
Occupation(s)Stage and Hollywood film actor
Years active1925–1970
Employer(s)
20th Century Pictures (2)

Charles Chaplin (2)
Columbia (13)
De Grunwald (2)
MGM (9)
Monogram (2)
Paramount (8)
Arnold Pressburger (1)

1st Motion Picture Unit

Republic (3)
RKO (6)
Samuel Goldwyn (2)
Terra-Filmkunst (1)
Twentieth Century Fox (8)
Universal (6)
Revue (Universal) (3)
Warner Bros. (13)
Ziv Television (1)

AgentPaul Kohner Agency
StyleCharacter actor
Height6 ft 0 in (183 cm)

Career

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Schumm was born April 2, 1896, in Stuttgart, Germany. Schumm served in the German Army during World War I.

While living in Stuttgart, Schumm first visited New York as a merchant at age 27, arriving January 1, 1924. There are at least two attributions for his acting debut, one in 1925 in Meissen, Germany, and one around 1925 in Stuttgart, performing in The Merchant of Venice with Staatstheater Stuttgart. Schumm visited New York again, arriving November 30, 1926, and performed with a German stock company in Milwaukee and Chicago.

Permanent move to New York

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Schumm returned a third time to New York, arriving August 26, 1929, to work in German-language theater as a permanent United States resident.[7][3][8]

The timing of Schumm's 1929 arrival was 3 years, 5 months before Hitler's seizure of power on January 30, 1933. Germany had been in the throes of severe economic duress from post World War I, which included hyperinflation that began around 1922. His arrival was also sixty-four days after the Great Crash of 1929 on Wall Street. The Great Depression had struck Germany hard in late 1929, and sunk to its trough in early 1932.

Shortly after arriving, until about 1931, Schumm lived at 160 Wadsworth Avenue, Washington Heights, a neighborhood in the most northern part of Manhattan, New York.

Move to Hollywood

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By 1931, Schumm was living in Los Angeles, and appeared in two 1932 productions at the Pasadena Community Playhouse. Schumm debuted in cinema in 1933 as an uncredited bit part actor in The Song of Songs, starring Marlene Dietrich.

Die Reichskulturkammer of 1933

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Back in Germany, in 1933, by decree of Joseph Goebbels under a newly created agency called Die Reichskulturkammer (DKK), Jewish actors were, among other things, prohibited from performing on German stage. Schumm was not an exile. But he worked within the Hollywood cinema community, particularly German expatriate groups, to help German Jewish exiled actors acclimate in American cinema. In Los Angeles, in 1939, Schumm became one of 60 or more initial members who formed The Continental Players, a short-lived theater company spearheaded by film executives in support of exiled Jewish thespians from Germany and Austria.

World War II era

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Schumm's film roles were mostly minor and, during World War II, mostly uncredited; though he was billed as a main actor on some film posters, including his villainous role as "The Mask" in the popular 1942 12-episode movie serial, Spy Smasher.[9] Generally, the Screen Actors Guild for film, and AFTRA for TV and radio, establishes the guidelines for credits. The lack of crediting can be for several reasons, such as (i) small roles, (ii) non-speaking roles, (iii) brevity, (iv) perceived mismatch between the actor and the role (e.g., a famous actor playing an insignificant part), (v) cameos, (vi) extras, (vii) bit part roles. But also, from 1933 until after World War II, film credits for German-expatriates and German-American actors, particularly in Nazi-themed films, was risky for those who had families in Nazi-occupied countries, not only for Jews, but for anyone with American ties that might draw the attention of the SS. Schumm's paternal and maternal relatives were German citizens and resided there. Schumm became a U.S. naturalized citizen February 14, 1941. When Schumm was drafted under the U.S. Selective Service System, he became a conscientious objector.

In a 2015 retrospective review of Schumm's role as "The Mask" from the 1942 serial Spy Smasher, film critic Boyd P. Magers wrote, "the ultimate screen Nazi was Hans Schumm." An IMDb biographer characterized Schumm as "Nazi swine 'par excellance.'" Magers pointed out that Schumm's career received a considerable boost in the early 1940s when German-born actors were sought, particularly for roles in anti-Nazi films portraying members of the Wehrmacht and SS.[9]

Schumm played a character role in the 1943 film, Hangmen. The film was one of the few attempts by German immigrants in the United States to make a film against the Hitler regime.[10][11]

Post World War II

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After World War II, Schumm performed a role in a 1952-1953 Broadway play, A Red Rainbow.

Germany

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Following a trend beginning around 1953 for American film producers to shoot in West Germany due to low costs,[12] Schumm traveled to West Germany for work, including roles in:

The Third Sex was produced in West Germany. It was filmed from May 8 to June 3, 1957, and premiered in Vienna on August 29, 1957, in several cinemas. In Germany, the film was first seen in Stuttgart at the Gloria-Palast[c] on October 31, 1957.[13] Schumm played a pediatric psychologist. The film addressed homosexuality, which was controversial at the time. The underlying message, conversion therapy, is on the wrong side of science. Directed by Veit Harlan, the aim was to liberalize public views against homosexuality, and in particular, influence reform of West German laws against it. The film – specifically the version censored by German authorities under Paragraph 175 of the German Criminal Code – had the opposite effect.[b]

Hollywood in the 1960s

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Schumm returned to Hollywood and finished his acting career in 1970.

After shooting Das dritte Geschlecht, Schumm returned to Hollywood and finished his acting career in 1970.

Representation and management

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Schumm was represented by Paul Kohner.

Family and marriages

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Birth

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Schumm was born April 2, 1896, in Stuttgart, Germany, to Friedrich Schumm (1855–1904) and Petronella (aka Petrauella) Jehle (maiden, aka Yehle aka Fehle;[d] 1855–1936). He had three siblings – two brothers and a sister. His older brother, Gustav "Gustel" Schumm (de) (1888–1966) had been a star rugby and soccer player, and in 1912, for one year, had served as president of VfB Stuttgart and is credited for developing youth soccer in Germany, before and after World War I.

First marriage

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Schumm first married – on July 29, 1931, in Los Angeles – Agnes Mellen Kent (1888–1975), who from a previous marriage, had two daughters – (i) Jessie Marcellina (Elizabeth) Olivieri (1918–1947) and (ii) Josephine Tarquini (1910–2010), that latter having been adopted after being rescued from the 1915 earthquake in central Italy. Agnes Kent was the daughter of New York architect William Winthrop Kent (1860–1955) – who, as architect, was affiliated at various times with (i) Harvey L. Page, (ii) his brother, Edward Austin Kent (who perished on the Titanic), (iii) Heins & LaFarge, and (iv) Jardine, Kent & Jardine. He was one of the architects of the original plan for Cathedral of St. John the Divine, including the Romanesque Revival apse. Agnes was also the granddaughter of Henry Mellen Kent (1823–1894), one of the founders of the Flint & Kent department store in Buffalo.[14] Hans and Agnes divorced. Agnes had been previously married to Umberto Olivieri (1884–1973), a banker for 14 years at Bank of America in San Francisco, a lawyer in Rome, and a language professor for 30 years at Santa Clara University, who, in 1958, at the age of 74 — after returning to Italy and joining the Order of Saint Benedict at the Subiaco Monastery in Rome — became ordained as a Roman Catholic Priest by the Bishop of Tivoli at Subiaco.[15] Hans Schumm was Agnes' second of three husbands.

Second marriage

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Schumm then married – on September 23, 1935, in Santa Ana, California – Gloria F. Smith (aka Gloria Smith Beery, née Florence W. Smith; 1916–1989). Gloria Schumm filed for divorce late September 1943 in Los Angeles County.[i] Their divorced became final on December 8, 1944. Gloria and Hans then remarried August 21, 1947, after Gloria realized that she was pregnant from, she claimed, actor Wallace Beery, which Beery denied.[ii] Gloria gave birth on February 7, 1948, to Johan Richard Wallace Schumm. On February 13, 1948, Gloria Schumm, on behalf of Johan Schumm, as plaintiff, filed a paternity suit against Beery, who, through his lawyer, Norman Ronald Tyre (1910–2002) – Gang, Tyre, Ramer & Brown – initially offered $6,000 as a settlement, but denied being the father.

Gloria Schumm, again, filed for divorced from Hans Schumm on April 2, 1953, in Los Angeles County. Gloria, in her private life, sometimes used Wallace Beery's surname and, as a bit part actor, sometimes used her stage name, Gloria Whitney.[e] Gloria, again, divorced Hans Schumm January 11, 1978, in Los Angeles County.

United States citizenship

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Schumm applied to become a naturalized citizen of the United States on November 13, 1940, in Los Angeles, and was admitted as a citizen February 14, 1941. The two affiants attesting to Schumm's identity and residency were Stuttgart-born Alfred Theodor Hummel (1876–1946) and John Harrison Rodney Pain (1884–1966), a British-born American gardner and woodwork artisan.[16] Schumm was approximately 6 feet (1.8 m) tall, weighed approximately 198 pounds (90 kg), and had brown hair and brown eyes — according to his 1942 U.S. draft registration card.[17]

Death

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Schumm died at 93 years and 10 months on February 2, 1990. He was dead on arrival at Kaiser Permanente Hospital in Los Angeles from heart failure after being stricken at the Hollywood nursing home where he had been living. His body was cremated with his ashes buried in the actors' rose garden at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery.[9]

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Joe Maross, Hans Josef Schumm, and Elizabeth Fraser:
  1. Getty image 625765216
  2. Getty image 625765116
  3. Getty image 625765174
  • Two images: April 17, 1952, Johann Schumm – 4 years (child); Gloria Schumm (mother); University of Southern California; OCLC 822257200, 857831052, 663235176

Profession affiliations

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  • Screen Actors Guild, member
  • Screen Extras Guild (between 1946 and 1992, background actors in film and television were largely represented by the Screen Extras Guild. SEG was disbanded on 1 June 1992 and transferred its jurisdiction to SAG)
  • Edwin Forrest Society, The Actors Fund, member (estate benefactor)

Selected cinematic and TV clips

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Psychologist (Hans Schumm), Christa Teichmann, Klaus' mother (Paula Wessely), Werner Teichmann, Klaus' father (Paul Dahlke)
Scene: "Cure for Homosexuality," Klause's parents with the psychologist (German censored version with English subtitles)
Anton Duval (Houseley Stevenson), Willem (Hans Schumm as Andre Pola), Pepe (Tony Martin)
Scene

Filmography

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Year Film Director Role Production Co.
1933 Song of Songs, The Rouben Mamoulian Man at Berlin railway station (uncredited) Paramount
1934 The Countess of Monte Cristo Karl Freund Police detective (uncredited) Universal
1934 One Night of Love Victor Schertzinger Policeman (uncredited) Columbia
1935 Folies Bergère de Paris Roy Del Ruth Bartender (uncredited) 20th Century Pictures
1936 Invisible Ray, The Lambert Hillyer Clinic valet (uncredited) Universal
1936 Under Two Flags Frank Lloyd Cast member (uncredited) 20th Century Pictures
1936 Revolt of the Zombies Victor Hugo Halperin German Soldier (uncredited) Victor & Edward Halperin Productions
1937 Round-Up Time in Texas Joseph Kane Dunbar stable man (uncredited) Republic
1939 Confessions of a Nazi Spy Anatole Litvak Bismarck officer with crew list (uncredited) Warner Bros.
1939 Bridal Suite
aka Maiden Voyage 		Wilhelm Thiele Man in shipboard brawl (uncredited) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1939 Thunder Afloat George B. Seitz German sailor looking for wireless Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1939 Espionage Agent Lloyd Bacon Foreign official (uncredited) Warner Bros.
1939 Escape, The Ricardo Cortez Policeman Twentieth Century Fox
1939 Hitler – Beast of Berlin Sherman Scott Schaefer Producers Pictures
1939 Scandal Sheet Nick Grinde Dorgas Columbia
1939 Amazing Mr. Williams, The Alexander Hall Pedestrian Columbia
1940 Calling Philo Vance William Clemens Nazi officer from ship at dock (uncredited) Warner Bros.
1940 British Intelligence Terry O. Morse German senior officer (uncredited) Warner Bros.
1940 Escape to Glory John Brahm Submarine commander Columbia
1940 Women in War John H. Auer German Soldier (uncredited) Republic
1940 Four Sons Archie Mayo Müller Twentieth Century Fox
1940 Man I Married, The Irving Pichel 1st storm trooper (uncredited) Charles Chaplin Productions
1940 Mystery Sea Raider Edward Dmytryk Sentry (uncredited) Paramount
1940 The Great Dictator Charles Chaplin Soldier (uncredited) Charles Chaplin Productions
1940 Moon Over Burma Louis King Baumgarten Paramount
1941 So Ends Our Night John Cromwell Kobel David L. Loew & Albert Lewin
1941 They Dare Not Love James Whale Bruckner (uncredited) Columbia
1941 Underground Vincent Sherman Heller's aide Warner Bros.
1941 Down in San Diego Robert B. Sinclair (fr) Müller (uncredited) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1941 A Yank in the R.A.F. Henry King German officer (uncredited) Twentieth Century Fox
1942 Lady Has Plans, The Sidney Lanfield 1st German Paramount
1942 Underground Agent[18] Michael Gordon Hans (uncredited) Columbia
1942 Atlantic Convoy Lew Landers Commander von Smith Columbia
1942 The Devil with Hitler Gordon Douglas Gestapo guard (uncredited) Hal Roach Studios
1942 Destination Unknown Ray Taylor Müller (uncredited) Universal
1942 To Be or Not to Be Ernst Lubitsch Special Investigations Squad (uncredited) Romaine Film Corporation
1942 Invisible Agent Edwin L. Marin SS man Frank Lloyd Productions
1942 Foreign Agent William Beaudine Dr. Werner Monogram Pictures
1942 Navy Comes Through, The A. Edward Sutherland U-51 submarine captain recognizing Kroner (uncredited) RKO Radio Pictures
1942 Once Upon a Honeymoon Leo McCarey
James Anderson (asst.) 		Storm trooper RKO Radio Pictures
1942 Spy Smasher (3:33:46)
(12-episode movie serial)
  1. "America Beware" (0:28:32)
  2. "Human Target" (0:17:29)
  3. "Iron Coffin" (0:16:48)
  4. "Stratosphere Invaders" (0:16:50)
  5. "Descending Doom" (0:16:48)
  6. "The Invisible Witness" (0:16:39)
  7. "Secret Weapon" (0:16:53)
  8. "Sea Raiders" (0:16:45)
  9. "Highway Racketeers" (0:16:41)
  10. "2700° Fahrenheit" (0:16:56)
  11. "Hero's Death" (0:16:45)
  12. "V ... _" (0:16:40)
 William Witney The Mask
(head of the Nazi spy ring operating from a U-78 submarine) 		Republic
1942 Pardon My Sarong Erle C. Kenton Moss, Tabor's henchman Mayfair Productions (Jules Levey)
1942 All Through the Night Vincent Sherman Anton Warner Bros.
1942 Desperate Journey Raoul Walsh Gestapo agent (uncredited) Warner Bros.
1942 Berlin Correspondent Eugene Forde Gunther Twentieth Century Fox
1943 Sahara Zoltán Korda Sgt. Krause Universal
1943 Strange Death of Adolf Hitler, The James P. Hogan Maj. Profe Universal
1943 Hitler's Madman
(aka Hitler's Hangman) 		Douglas Sirk Müller
(Gestapo officer: Heydrich's gunman)
(uncredited) 		Angelus Productions (Aimee Semple McPherson)
Producers Releasing Corporation
1943 Mission to Moscow Michael Curtiz Uniformed guard Warner Bros.
1943 Action in the North Atlantic Lloyd Bacon Lieutenant Commander Warner Bros.
1943 Around the World
(B movie)[19] 		Allan Dwan Nazi RKO Radio Pictures
1943 Margin for Error (uncredited) Otto Preminger Karl Müller (uncredited) Twentieth Century Fox
1943 Moon Is Down, The Irving Pichel Capt. Bentick Twentieth Century Fox
1943 Bomber's Moon Edward Ludwig
Harold D. Schuster 		German soldier Twentieth Century Fox
1943 Chetniks! The Fighting Guerrillas Louis King Sentry Twentieth Century Fox
1943 Journey into Fear Norman Foster
Orson Welles (uncredited) 		Driver (uncredited) RKO Radio Pictures
1943 Above Suspicion Richard Thorpe Guard Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1943 Assignment in Brittany Jack Conway Nazi torturer (uncredited) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1943 They Got Me Covered David Butler Schmidt Samuel Goldwyn Company
1943 This Land is Mine Jean Renoir German sergeant
who pushes Albert 		Jean Renoir-Dudley Nichols Production
RKO Radio Pictures
1943 Hangmen Also Die! Fritz Lang Sergeant (uncredited) Arnold Pressburger Films
1944 Uncertain Glory Raoul Walsh Gestapo agent Warner Bros.
1944 Up in Arms Elliott Nugent Nazi spy in theatre lobby Samuel Goldwyn Company
1944 Passport to Destiny
(aka Passport to Adventure) 		Ray McCarey Miniger, Dietrich's Aide RKO Radio Pictures
1944 Voice in the Wind[20][21][22] Arthur Ripley Piesecke Ripley – Monter Productions
1944 Resisting Enemy Interrogation Bernard Vorhaus German guard (uncredited) First Motion Picture Unit, Army Air Forces
1945 Escape in the Desert Edward Abraham Blatt (1903–1991) Klaus Warner Bros.
1945 Son of Lassie S. Sylvan Simon German commander (uncredited) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1946 Cloak and Dagger Fritz Lang German agent Warner Bros. – United States Pictures
1947 Golden Earrings Mitchell Leisen Policeman Paramount
1947 Beginning or the End, The Norman Taurog Nazi police officer Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1947 Desire Me Jack Conway (uncredited)
George Cukor (uncredited)
Mervyn LeRoy (uncredited)
Victor Saville (uncredited) 		German voice (1 of 3) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1948 Billie Gets Her Man Edward Bernds Surgeon (as Andre Pola) Columbia
1948 Smugglers' Cove William Beaudine Karl (as Andre Pola) Monogram Pictures
1948 Casbah John Berry Willem (as Andre Pola) Marston Productions (Tony Martin)
1949 Act of Violence Fred Zinnemann German voice (1 of 3) (as André Pola) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1949 The Lovable Cheat Richard Oswald Policeman (as Andre Pola) Skyline Pictures
1949 Fuelin' Around
(Three Stooges short)
(video clip) 		Edward Bernds Col. Cluttz (as Andre Pola) Columbia
1949 Waiting in the Lurch
(Three Stooges short) 		Edward Bernds Dr. Emil Gesundheit (as Andre Pola) Columbia
1951 Target Unknown George Sherman Road guard Universal
1951 I Was a Communist for the FBI Gordon Douglas Rader (uncredited) Warner Bros.
1953 Stars Are Singing, The Norman Taurog Secretary to Ladowski Paramount
1953 No Escape Charles Bennett Mr. Vladimir Platoff Matthugh Productions
(Matt Freed né Matthew J. Freed; 1909–2003;
Hugh MacKenzie)
1954 The Fire Chaser
(Three Stooges short) 		Jules White Dr. Emil Gesundheit (as Andre Pola)
(archive footage)
(uncredited) 		Columbia
1956 Hot Stuff
(Three Stooges short) 		Jules White Col. Klotz (as Andre Pola) Columbia
1956 The Trapp Family (in German) Wolfgang Liebeneiner Petroff Divina-Film (Ilse Kubaschewski)
1957 Das dritte Geschlecht
(The Third Sex)
(original)
(Premiered 29 August 1957 Vienna)
(based on a script by Felix Lützkendorf; 1906–1990) 		Veit Harlan (the scene with the youth psychologist in the original uncut version was played by another actor, uncredited) Helmuth Volmer Production (de)
Arca-Filmproduktion GmbH (Gero Wecker)
1957 Anders als du und ich (§ 175)
(Different from You and Me)
(censored version of Das dritte Geschlecht
per FSK)
(Premiered 31 October 1957 Stuttgart) 		Veit Harlan
(Hans Giese (de), scientific advisor) 		Youth psychologist
(played by Schumm) 		Helmuth Volmer Production (de)
Arca-Filmproduktion GmbH (Gero Wecker)
1959 The Third Sex
(American release)
(also released as Bewildered Youth) 		Veit Harlan
(Frank Winterstein, assistant director,
is credited as director on the D-F Distributing Corp. release in America) 		(the scene with the youth psychologist was played by another actor, uncredited, in the English language release) Arca-Filmproduktion GmbH (Gero Wecker)
(U.S. distributor: D-F Distributing Corp.)[f]
1959 I Aim at the Stars J. Lee Thompson Baron von Braun (uncredited) Morningside Productions / Fama-Film
1961 Question 7 J. Lee Thompson RD-DR Corporation
(Louis de Rochemont)
Lutheran Film Associates (Robert E. A. Lee)
Matthias-Film (de)
1962 The Bashful Elephant Dorrell McGowan (fr) & Stuart McGowan (fr) Fritz McGowan International, Inc.
(Dorrell (fr) & Stuart McGowan (fr))
(filmed in Austria)
1963 Come Fly with Me Henry Levin Viennese gardner (uncredited) De Grumwald Productions
1963 Captain Sindbad Byron Haskin King Brothers Productions
1969 Before Winter Comes J. Lee Thompson Camp doctor Columbia
1970 Komm nach Wien, ich zeig dir was!
(Come to Vienna, I'll Show You Something!)
(in German) 		Rolf Thiele (uncredited) Terra-Filmkunst
Vienna-Filmproduktion GmbH

Television

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Series Season :
Episode 		Episode Title Writer(s) Director Role Original air date Network Production Co.
Space Patrol 1 : 37 "Photograph of a Traitor" Norman Jolley (1916–2002) Dick Darley (1923–2016) Brewer August 8, 1951 (1951-08-08) ABC American Broadcasting Company
Tower Productions
Dick Tracy (fr)
(1950–1952) 		2 : 6
2 : 7 		"Dick Tracy and Pruneface:" Part 1
"Dick Tracy and Pruneface:" Part 2 		Robert Leslie Bellem (story suggested by)
Chester Gould (comic strip characters)
William Lively (1907–1973) (story suggested by)
William Lively (1907–1973) (teleplay) 		Thomas Carr October 24, 1951 (1951-10-24)
October 31, 1951 (1951-10-31) 		P.K. Palmer
Herbert Moulton
The Unexpected
(aka Time Square Playhouse) 		"Merry-Go-Round" Jerome Lawrence
Robert E. Lee 		Sobey Martin June 20, 1952 (1952-06-20) Ziv Television Programs
Chevron Theatre 1 : 33 "Mightier Than the Sword" Arthur Weiss Richard Irving (1917–1990) August 29, 1952 (1952-08-29) MCA TV/Revue Productions
Biff Baker, U.S.A. 1 : 15 "Flight to Geneva" Barry Shipman
Fenton Earnshaw (1912–1970)
Howard J. Green (1893–1965)
Jerome Gary
Lawrence Kimble 		Herschel Daugherty
John English
Richard Irving (1917–1990) 		Rozan February 53, 1953 (1953-02-53) CBS Revue Productions
The Ray Milland Show 1 : 5 "The Faculty Dance" Joe Connelly
Bob Mosher (1915–1972) 		Charles Barton October 15, 1953 (1953-10-15) CBS Revue Productions
Kraft Television Theatre 7 : 25 "The Cuckoo Clock" Gerald Savory[23] German piano teacher[iii] February 17, 1954 (1954-02-17) NBC J. Walter Thompson
The Web 4 : 33 "The Primitive Touch" Art dealer May 23, 1954 (1954-05-23) CBS Mark Goodson
Bill Todman
The Phil Silvers Show 5 : 5 "A.W.O.L." Nat Hiken, Terry Ryan, Barry Blitzer Albert De Caprio (1916–2000) Janos Varga
(Hungarian father of Imre, who is about to marry Martha) 		October 18, 1955 (1955-10-18) CBS CBS
Rheingold Theatre 5 : 9 "Rendezvous at Dawn" Charles Early
Joseph Early 		Arthur Crabtree Sabolek November 19, 1956 (1956-11-19) NBC Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., Productions
Tales of the Vikings 1 : 2
1 : 25 		"The Black Stone"
"Blood Sacrifice" 		Robert "Bob" Mitchell (1918–1992) (original story)
Sidney Morse (1920–2003) (original story)
Robert "Bob" Mitchell (1918–1992) (teleplay) 		George M. Cahan (1919–1991) Thorvald September 15, 1959 (1959-09-15)
February 23, 1960 (1960-02-23) 		United Artists Television (syndicated) Brynaprod
(produced in Munich
by Kirk Douglas)
Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color 10 : 5
10 : 6 		"The Waltz King" Part I
"The Waltz King" Part II 		Maurice Tombragel (fr) (script)
Fritz Eckhardt (original story) 		Steve Previn Ferdinand Dommayer (de) October 27, 1963 (1963-10-27)
November 3, 1963 (1963-11-03) 		NBC Walt Disney Productions

Stage

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Dates Play Writer(s) Director Role Theater
Around 1925 The Merchant of Venice ("Hans Schumm, formerly of the Stuttgart State Theatre Company") Stuttgart State Theatre Company
1926 (The German Stock Company) ("Hans Schumm, formerly of the Stuttgart State Theatre Company") Pabst Theater, Milwaukee
Chicago
November 14, 1930 Doctor Klaus
(comedy) 		Herma Kristof-Stock Bert Sprotte Ebell Wilshire Theater
Los Angeles
Second event of the German Theater Season
Cast: Bert Sprotte (title role), Eva Leoni, Edith Wolf-Kopelson, Conrad Seidemann, Hans Joseph Schumm, Johanna Hagen, Charlotte Foerstel, Kurt Herrnfeld, Costea Mooth, Otto Kottka, Elizabeth Siegel[24]
January 7 – 16, 1932 Berkeley Square
(comedy, romance) 		John L. Balderston Gilmore Brown
(1886–1960) 		("Hans Schumm, formerly of the Stuttgart State Theatre Company") Pasadena Community Playhouse[iv]
January 21 – 30, 1932 Once in a Lifetime Moss Hart
George S. Kaufman 		Gilmore Brown
(1886–1960) 		Pasadena Community Playhouse
May 25 – June 12, 1939 William Tell Adaptation of Friedrich Schiller's 1804 original
(two acts and ten scenes) 		Leopold Jessner El Capitan Theatre
Hollywood
The Continental Players
Cast: Louis Adlon; Siegfried Arno (Stuessi); Lutz Altschul (Rösselmann); Norbert J. Kobler (1916–2003), son of German actor and director, Julius Kobler (de); Ernst Lenart (de); Sigmund Nunberg (de); Friedrich Mellinger; Ernst Deutsch (the dictator); Leo Reuss (aka Lionel Royce) (William Tell); Norbert Schiller (de), great-great-great nephew of the playwright[v] (Baumgarten); Gerhard Schaefer (Arnold von Melchtal); Hans Schumm; Walter O. Stahl (de); Rudolf Steinbock (de); Christiane Grautoff (de) (Ernst Toller's wife) (Hedwig, Tell's wife); Eva Hyde (aka Heyde; née Heymann; 1910–1955)[g] (Armgard); Hermine Sterler (Gertrude Stauffacher); Alexander Granach (Stauffacher); Bobby Moya (young Tell).
Leopold Jessner, director; Ralph Freed, text; Rudi Feld, art director (costumes and set design); Ernst Toch, music score; Ingolf Dahl, conductor;[25][26] Simon Mitchneck, Phd (1893–1986), English and voice coach (linguist).
January 31, 1949 Totentanz
(Dance of Death) 		August Strindberg Kurt New Studio Theater
1743 North New Hampshire Boulevard
Los Angeles
(capacity 205)
Cast included Walter Wicclair (de) as the captain and Efriede Borodin (de) as Alice.[27]
September 22, 23, 24, 1949 Faust
(in German) 		Goethe Walter Wicclair (de) Assistant Director University of Southern California
Department of German
Cast included Norbert Schiller (de) as Faust, Walter Wicclair (de) as Mephistopheles, Laura McCann (de) as Gretchen, Else Baeck-Neft (de) as Martha, and Franz Roeh as Wagner, Marcel Lerner as the student.[28] Others in the cast included Otto Waldis (de), Sigurd Bernau, L.H. Lasch, and Renee Henning.
March 16, 1949
(premier) 		Intimitaeten
(Private Lives) 		Noël Coward Bennet Chase Coronet Theater
366 North La Cienega Boulevard
Los Angeles
(capacity 275)
(guest performances were also give in San Francisco with the same cast)
Kitty Mattern (de) playing Helen Prynne co-starred with Hans Schumm playing Bennet Chase. In a love scene, Mattern and Schumm reportedly drove realism to an intensity that was unusual for the era. Others in the cast included Norbert J. Kobler playing Victor Prynne, Inga Grothe playing Sybile Chase[27][29]
November 1949 source Raub der Sabinerinnen (de)
(Rape of the Sabine Women) 		Paul and Franz Schönthan (de) Coronet Theater
Cast included Else Baeck-Neft (de) as Rosa, Efriede Borodin (de) as Marianne, Walter Wicclair (de) as Professor Gallwitz, and Hans Schumm as Dr. Neumeister.[27]
June 1951 The Swallow's Nest[30][31][32] Zoë Akins Robert Milton Pasadena Community Playhouse
Cast included Billie Burke, Marjorie Steele (1930–1988) (Mrs. Huntington Hartford in her acting debut), Onslow Stevens, George Phelps, Lumsden Hare, Roy Gordon (1884–1972).
May 5 – 23, 1952
(premiere) 		The Red Rainbow Myron C. Fagan Myron C. Fagan Boris Sarno, the producer
(a thick accented nemesis of the character J. Kerrigan Kane) 		Beaux Arts Theater
Westlake
West 8th Street and Beacon Avenue
Opened January 14, 1953 The Road to Rome Robert E. Sherwood
(rewritten
by Preston Sturges) 		Eddie Firestone The Players
(Sturges's dinner theater
in Hollywood)
Cast: Carolyn Jones (Amytis, Grecian wife of the Roman dictator), Robin Hughes (Hannibal), Richard Hale (Hasdrubal), Mike Freeman (Maharbal), Clayton Cole (Hannibal's brother), Nico Lek (1901–1983) (Fabius, the dictator), Margaret Brewster (Fabius' mother), Pat Golden (the sergeant), Keith McConnell (Scripio), Taylor Flanikan (slave), Francesca Leland (slave)
September 14 – 26, 1953 The Red Rainbow Myron C. Fagan Myron C. Fagan Boris Sarno, the producer Royal Theatre
Broadway
New York
The play is a murder-mystery involving the infiltration of communism in American life (see Red-baiting and McCarthyism). The production was partly financed by the Cinema Education Guild of Hollywood, Inc., which has been chronicled as a notoriously ill-fated McCarthyistic organization founded and headed by Myron C. Fagan (president). His son, executive producer of the play, Bruce Vincent Fagan (1918–2001) was the organization's secretary.[vi][33] Schumm's 1953 affiliation with Fagan notwithstanding, it is not known whether he seriously shared Fagan's views given that he went on to work with actors, directors, and producers who Fagan later infamously named before a stage audience, and on radio, 300 Hollywood stars that he claimed were communists. (FBI file)

Radio

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Dates Play Writer(s) Director Role Network
1955 Radio Play: "Hier geschieht ja doch nichts"
(adaptation from "Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe," from Twice-Told Tales) 		Nathaniel Hawthorne Paul Land
(host at Radio Stuttgart, Süddeutscher Rundfunk, since the late 1930s) 		Neger Josua Süddeutscher Rundfunk (SDR)
(Stuttgart)
Cast: Karin Schlemmer (de) (Helen Longfield), Thomas Flemming (Dominic Pike), Albert Florath (Thompson), Willi Reichmann (Babbler), Kurt Haars (Bullock), Walter Thurau (Davies), Trude Tandar (Mrs. Luly), Hans Mahnke (de) (Der hinkende Sam), Hans Josef Schumm (Josua)

Notes and references

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General resources

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Marta Mierendorff, PhD — a German-born scholar who, in the latter 1960s, became a faculty member at USC — was a pioneer in the study of exiles. Schumm was not an exile, but, the papers include information on Schumm
O – Obmann; St – Obmann Stellvertreter; S – Schriftführer; K – Kassenwart; Vd – Vertrauens -dame; B – Beisitzer; FV – Fachgruppenvertreter.
Bamberg Stadttheater: Walter Storm (O), Fritz Milter (St), Hans Schumm (S), Karl Frank (K), Ria Mardeck (Vd).
    1. Koegel – via Google Books.
    2. Koegel – via Internet Archive. 2009. ISBN 9781580462150.
See inline citation 21 for Chapter 5 on p. 504. → Ulrich, Paul Stanley (1997). Biographisches Verzeichnis für Theater, Tanz und Musik [Biographical Index for Theater, Dance and Music: Directory of German-Language Reference Works and Yearbooks]. Berlin Verlag Arno Spitz GmbH (de). ISBN 387061479X ISBN 3-8706-1673-3, 978-3-8706-1479-9; ISBN 978-3-8706-1673-1; OCLC 444440441 (all editions).
Vol. 1: A–L
Vol. 2: M-Z

Notes

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  1. ^ Disambiguation: Andre Pola (surname also spelled as Polah) (1892–1949) was a Dutch-born violinist who immigrated to America with his Belgian teacher, Eugène Ysaÿe. After concertizing for several years, Polah eventually became head of the violin department at Syracuse University in the late 1920s, conducting the university orchestra as well.
  2. ^ a b Schumm appeared only in the censored version of The Third Sex. The director, Veit Harlan, was roundly criticized by American reviewers for having been anti-Semitic. Moreover, the underlying messages of the film (about homosexuality), were criticized then by major media in the U.S., and over sixty-five years since its release in North America, has been uniformly debunked. It is not known why the scene with Schumm, as psychologist, was replaced with another actor in the English language version; and it is not known whether Schumm – by participating in the German language version – was sympathetic to the director or the film's message.
  3. ^ The Stuttgart Gloria-Palast was a single-screen movie theater that opened August 2, 1956.
  4. ^ With respect to the various spellings of Schumm's mother's maiden name, "Jehle" and "Yehle," the German consonant "J" is almost always pronounced in the same manner as the English "Y." Other possible transliterations include:
    1. Eahle
    2. Eali
    3. Eallie
    4. Ealy
    5. Ehle
    6. Ehly
    7. Eiley
    8. Eley
    9. Elley
    10. Ely
    11. Ihle
    12. Ihli
    13. Ihlie
    14. Illi
    15. Jehle
    16. Ohley
    17. Uhl
    18. Uhle
    19. Yaley
    20. Yealy
    21. Yehl
    22. Yehle
    23. Yehley
    24. Yhle
    25. Yhley
    26. Yhly
  5. ^ Disambiguation: Gloria Whitney – the stage name for Gloria Schumm – is not the same person as the singer, Gloria Whitney (stage name) (née Florence Joan Healy; 1911–1974), featured on national radio broadcasts and sweet-styled dance orchestras from about 1931 to about 1942.
  6. ^ D-F Distributing Corp. was headed by David Dietz. The Third Sex is the only known film distributed by the firm. David Dietz, however, also, with William H. Horne, distributed (i) Assassin for Hire, (ii) Louisiana Story, and (iii) Magie Africaine.
  7. ^ Eva Hyde (née Eva Heymann; 1910–1953), an actress, was the third wife of composer Werner R. Heymann, her first husband whom she divorced. In 1952, she married artist Klaus Brill (1913–2007). She was a distant cousin of Werner Heymann.

Books, periodicals, collections, academic works

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  1. ^ Sammlung Paul Kohner (collection of about 155,000 pages of correspondence, contracts, etc., from the Paul Kohner Agency), Deutsche Kinemathek
  2. ^ "Hans Schumm" (obituary), Variety, March 7, 1990, p. 70
  3. ^ a b Journeys of Desire: European Actors in Hollywood – A Critical Companion, by Alastair Phillips, PhD, & Ginette Vincendeau (2006)
    Chapter 11: "The Ultimate Irony: Jews Playing Nazis in Hollywood" (essay), by Joseph Garncarz (University of Vienna), pps. 103–113
    Entry: "Schumm, Hans (Hans Josef Schumm)"
    BFI (2006); OCLC 470550238; ISBN 1844571246, 9781844571246, 1844571238; ISBN 9781844571239
  4. ^ Who's Who in Hollywood (entry: "Hans Schumm") (in Vol. 2 of 2), by David Ragan (born 1925), Facts on File (1992); OCLC 906553204
  5. ^ Vampire, Monster, Irre Wissenschaftler: So viel Europa steckt in Hollywoods Goldener Horrorfilmära, by Silvia Kornberger, Disserta Verlag (de) (2014), pp. 419–420; OCLC 869019127
  6. ^ Das Grosse Personenlexikon des Films (de) ("Hans Schumm" is in Vol. 7 of 8), Kay Weniger (ed.), Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf Verlag (2001); OCLC 717359699
  7. ^ "Es wird im Leben dir mehr genommen als gegeben:" Lexikon der aus Deutschland und Österreich emigrierten Filmschaffenden 1933 bis 1945, by Kay Weniger, ACABUS Verlag (de) (2012), p. 41; ISBN 3862820491
  8. ^ A Red Rainbow (program notes from the Royal Theatre production on Broadway), "Hans Josef Schumm (Sarno)" (bio), September 14, 1953, New York, (accessible at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, 3rd floor; clippings: "Schumm, Hans Josef: *T-Clip, L-MM")
  9. ^ a b c "Serial Profiles: Hans Schumm as 'The Mask,'" by Boyd P. Magers (born 1940), "Serial Report," Chapter 86, Western Clippings, 2015; reprinted from the SCOOP (online newsletter), September 18, 2015; OCLC 32602060, 801245552
  10. ^ Hanns Eisler: Eine Biographie in Texten, Bildern und Dokumenten : mit 235 Abbildungen, by Jürgen Schebera, Schott Music (1998); OCLC 470440541
  11. ^ Hanns Eisler Goes Hollywood (dissertation; 2011), by Johannes C. Gall, University of Hamburg, Breitkopf & Härtel (2015); OCLC 934476997
  12. ^ "West Germany Crowded With Yank Film Producers: Low Cost Factor," Variety, August 5, 1953, p. 13
  13. ^ Review of the book: Grenzverwischer – 'Jud Süss' und 'Das Dritte Geschlecht' – Verschränkte Diskurse von Ausgrenzung (book review), by Jennifer William, PhD, Shofar, Vol. 28, No. 1 (2009); OCLC 356994735; ISSN 0882-8539 (accessible via Project MUSE)
    Note: Williams, as of 2018, is Professor of German at Purdue University
  14. ^ History and Genealogy of the Ancestors and Descendants of Captain Israel Jones who Removed from Enfield to Barkhamsted, Conn., in the year 1759, compiled for Asahel Wellington Jones by Linus Newton Parker (1842–1918), Norwalk, Ohio: Laning Co. (1902); OCLC 7263462
  15. ^ To the Top of the Mountain: The life of Father Umberto Olivieri, "Padre of the Otomis," by William Nicholas Abeloe (1933–1982), Exposition Press (1976); OCLC 2424353; ISBN 0682485586; ISBN 9780682485586
  16. ^ "California, Southern District Court (Central) Naturalization Index, 1915-1976" (database with images → "Johann Josef Eugen Schumm, 1941;" citing Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, NARA, Los Angeles Branch, Laguna Niguel). FHL microfilm 1558373. November 28, 2014 – via FamilySearch.
  17. ^ "World War II Draft Cards (4th Registration) for the State of California, 1942" (database with images), FamilySearch, November 8, 2017, "Hans Josef Schumm, 1942"; citing NARA microfilm publication M1936, M1937, M1939, M1951, M1962, M1964, M1986, M2090, and M2097
    Los Angeles County Draft Board 242
    Draft No. 242
    ARC (NARA Archival Research Catalog) Identifier 603155
    Digital Folder Number 4669791
    Image Nos. 1868 & 1869
    (registration/login is free, but required)
  18. ^ The Espionage Filmography: United States Releases, 1898 through 1999, by Paul Mavis, McFarland & Company (2010) (Schumm is cited on 21 pages; see "Schumm, Hans" in "Cast Index" on p. 413); OCLC 910878885, 476156931
  19. ^ Hollywood 'B' Movies: A Treasury of Spills, Chills & Thrills, by John Howard Reid, Lulu Press Inc. (2005), p. 3–4; OCLC 895215571
  20. ^ "Film-Panorama: A Voice in the Wind" (film review), by Victoria & Friedrich Torberg (pen name for Friedrich Kantor; 1908–1979), Der Aufbau, Vol. 10, No. 12, March 24, 1944, p. 11; OCLC 30943749
  21. ^ "German Exile Cinema: 1933–1950," by Jan-Christopher Horak (de) (translated by Jennifer Bishop and Jan-Christopher Horak), Film History, Vol. 8, No. 4 (1996), pps. p. 381 (373–389); ISSN 0892-2160; OCLC 196677607 (accessible via JSTOR at www.jstor.org/stable/3815389)
  22. ^ Anti-Nazi-Filme der deutschsprachigen Emigration von Hollywood 1939-1945 (in German), by Jan-Christopher Horak (de), (1984), pps. 81, 136, 255; OCLC 12344138
  23. ^ "The Cuckoo Clock" (television script), by Gerald Savory, Kraft Television Theatre, February 17, 1954
    Phyllis Merrill Papers: 1933–1956, Series III: Scripts, Sub-series 4, Box 15, File 6, Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts; OCLC 122517134
  24. ^ Los Angeles Evening Express, Vol. 40, no. 191. November 4, 1930, " ... German Theater Season ... ". p. 17 (column 1) – via Newspapers.com.
  25. ^ "Kalifornien: Leopold Jessner" (from the Marta Mierendorff papers at USC), John M. Spalek (born 1928) & Joseph P. Strelka (de) (eds.), Deutsche Exilliteratur Since 1933, Vol. 1, No. 1, State University of New York Albany (1976), pps. 738–739; OCLC 489704553
  26. ^ Leopold Jessner - Intendant der Republik: Der Weg eines deutsch-jüdischen Regisseurs aus Ostpreußen by Matthias Heilmann, Max Niemeyer Verlag (de) (2005; 2011); OCLC 979970340
  27. ^ a b c First West Coast Exhibition, German Language Theater in Exile, Hollywood 1933-1950, Presented at the University of Southern California, Treasure Room, Doheny Library, November 1 – December 15, 1973; OCLC 882702800, 15270868
  28. ^ Von Kreuzburg bis Hollywood (From Kreuzburg to Hollywood), by Walter Wicclair (de), Henschel Verlag (de) (1975); OCLC 923117470
  29. ^ Taboo (Hollywood), November 1950, pps. 10–11
  30. ^ Mrs. Ziegfeld: The Public and Private Lives of Billie Burke, by Grant Hayter-Menzies (born 1944), McFarland & Company (2009) p. 210 (appendix); ISBN 978-0-7864-3800-6
    (note: the book incorrectly attributes the director of The Swallow's Nest as John Milton; Robert Milton was the director)
  31. ^ 15 photos from The Swallow's Nest, University of Southern California (1951); OCLC 663250412, 663250303, 822232721; OCLC 857823282
  32. ^ "Billie Burke Set for W.C.," Billboard, June 9, 1951, p. 42
  33. ^ Appendix to the Journal of the Senate, Legislature of the State of California 1961 in Regular Session, (Vol. 2) (1961)
    "Eleventh Report of the Senate Fact-Finding Subcommittee on Un-American Activities," "Cinema Education Guild," pps. 197–201

Newspapers

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  1. ^ "Divorces Filed," Los Angeles Times, November 2, 1943 (accessible via Newspapers.com at www.newspapers.com/image/380762757, subscription required)
  2. ^ "Links Berry to Physician," Long Beach Independent, April 29, 1948, p. 12 (accessible via Newspapers.com at www.newspapers.com/image/74866244, subscription required)
  3. ^ "On television: Ray Millard Turns to Comedy" ("The Cuckoo Clock," reviewed) by Evelyn Jones (1929–2014), Boston Herald, February 19, 1954, pg. 43
  4. ^ "Gilmore Brown Offers 'Berkeley Square' as First 1932 Production," The SaMoJaC (The Corsair), Vol. 3, No 16, January 13, 1932, p. 2
  5. ^ "Refugees to Act Here – Stage Stars Forced to Leave Nazi Areas Aided by Film Men," Los Angeles Times, May 1, 1939, Part 2, p. 3 (accessible via Newspapers.com at www.newspapers.com/image/160145814)
  6. ^ "Red Rainbow Opens Tonight" (preview article), by Sam Zolotow, New York Times, September 14, 1953, p. L24, col 1 (timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1953/09/14/83854295.html, subscription required)
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