Hanna Bergas (March 11, 1900 – January 1987) was a German teacher. Fired from her job and prevented from teaching in public schools in Nazi Germany, she found employment at a private boarding school in Blaustein, in southern Germany. In 1939, after she had fled to England, Bergas was part of the group of teachers from Bunce Court School that met the Kindertransports and helped the refugee children adjust to their lives in the new country. After the war, Bergas emigrated a second time, moving to the United States.
Hanna Bergas | |
|---|---|
| Born | March 11, 1900 |
| Died | January 1987 (aged 87-88) |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation | Teacher |
Career
editBergas was fired from her job in early April 1933 as the Third Reich began restricting employment for Jews.[1] Bergas arrived at school shortly before 8:00 a.m. and was greeted by the principal, who asked her to step into his office, whereupon he told her he'd been given orders to prevent her from going to her classroom and that she was no longer allowed to teach at German schools. There was no one to say goodbye to because her colleagues were all in their classrooms, so she gathered her belongings and went home. That afternoon, people came by to express their sorrow and anger at their country. Colleagues and pupils with their mothers brought flowers of all sorts and sizes. By evening, the flowers and fragrance had created the ambience of a funeral. Bergas wrote, "...and indeed, this was the funeral of my time teaching at a German public school."[1]
Bergas was then hired by Anna Essinger to teach history at her private boarding school, Landschulheim Herrlingen. Within months, Essinger decided that Nazi Germany was no longer conducive to educating children and she moved the entire school to Kent, England. Bergas and her cousin, Helmut Schneider, who also became a teacher there, moved with the school.[2][3]
In 1938, Essinger was asked to organize a reception camp at Dovercourt for the Kindertransports coming from Germany with thousands of children unaccompanied by their parents.[4] From December 1938 to January 1939, Bergas was part of the group of four staff people from Bunce Court, three teachers and a cook,[5] who went to meet the Kindertransports and help the children adjust to their new situation.[6] Bergas described the scene at the arrival of the first transport with hundreds of confused children who neither knew each other nor anyone else, who were "full of anxiety and distrust" because of bad treatment received under growing antisemitism.[5]
The main thing was to instill in them calm and confidence that the people would be kind to them. A good first meal served soon after arrival did its share. Then we settled them in their sleeping quarters; they were given their suitcases and bundles, which they had brought with them, a thing of great importance to them, for many of the children were used to having everything taken away from them. -Hanna Bergas' memoir
After Bunce Court School closed in 1948, Bergas emigrated to the United States, settling in Palo Alto, California.[7] She wrote a memoir about her experience teaching in England at Bunce Court. Called Fifteen Years: Lived among, with and for refugee children, 1933-1948, it is archived at the Leo Baeck Institute in New York.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b Sibylle Quack, Between Sorrow and Strength: Women Refugees of the Nazi Period Cambridge University Press (1995) p. 20 ISBN 0-521-47081-1 Retrieved October 6, 2011
- ^ Michael Trede, Der Rückkehrer ecomed verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Landsberg, Germany (2003), p. 50. ISBN 3-609-16172-8 Retrieved October 5, 2011 (in German)
- ^ Werner M. Loval, We Were Europeans: A Personal History of a Turbulent Century Gefen Publishing House, Ltd. (2010/5770) pp. 184-185. ISBN 978-965-229-522-4 Retrieved October 4, 2011
- ^ Photos and short history of Bunce Court Archived 2011-09-28 at the Wayback Machine Town of Faversham website. "Bunce Court, Otterden" Retrieved September 28, 2011
- ^ a b "Refugee Children in Britain December 1938 - January 1939". 2012-04-15. Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. Retrieved 2017-10-19.
- ^ Hildegard Feidel-Mertz, translated by Andrea Hammel, "Integration and Formation of Identity: Exile Schools in Great Britain" in: Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies University of Nebraska Press (Fall 2004). Volume 23, Number 1, pp. 71-84
- ^ Hanna Bergas memoir (PDF) Center for Jewish History. Retrieved October 16, 2011
- ^ Archive description Center for Jewish History. Retrieved October 16, 2011