Gnidia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is distributed in Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, and Sri Lanka; more than half of all the species are endemic to South Africa.[1] Gnidia was named for Knidos, an Ancient Greek city located in modern-day Turkey.[2]
Gnidia | |
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Gnidia tomentosa | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malvales |
Family: | Thymelaeaceae |
Subfamily: | Thymelaeoideae |
Genus: | Gnidia L. |
Species | |
140-160, see text |
These are perennial herbs and shrubs, sometimes with rhizomes. Most species have alternately arranged leaves, and a few have opposite leaves. The leaves are undivided and unlobed. The inflorescence is a head of a few to many flowers. The calyx is cylindrical and the colored lobes may alternate with the petals; some species lack petals.[2] Many species are similar in appearance and difficult to tell apart.[3]
Molecular analyses have provided evidence that the genus is polyphyletic, made up of four different lineages. They are related to the four genera Struthiola, Drapetes, Lasiosiphon, and Pimelea.[4]
There are 140 to 160 species classified in the genus.[1][2][5]
Species include:
![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gnidia_polystachya.jpg/220px-Gnidia_polystachya.jpg)
![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gnidia_glauca_1.jpg/220px-Gnidia_glauca_1.jpg)
- Gnidia anthylloides
- Gnidia burchellii
- Gnidia caffra
- Gnidia capitata
- Gnidia carinata
- Gnidia chapmanii
- Gnidia chrysantha
- Gnidia chrysophylla
- Gnidia ericoides
- Gnidia fastigiata
- Gnidia humilis
- Gnidia insignis
- Gnidia involucrata
- Gnidia kraussiana
- Gnidia latifolia
- Gnidia microcephala
- Gnidia mollis
- Gnidia nana
- Gnidia ornata
- Gnidia pedunculata
- Gnidia polycephala
- Gnidia razakamalalana[1]
- Gnidia socotrana
- Gnidia sonderiana
- Gnidia spicata
- Gnidia squarrosa
- Gnidia usafuae
- Gnidia variabilis
- Gnidia virescens
- Gnidia wickstroemiana
References
edit- ^ a b c Rogers, Z. S. (2006). A new species of Malagasy Gnidia and the lectotypification of Octolepis decalepis (Thymelaeaceae). Adansonia, sér. 3(28), 155-60.
- ^ a b c Hyde, M. A., et al. Gnidia. Flora of Zimbabwe. 2013.
- ^ Beaumont, A. J., et al. (2001). Patterns of diversity among involucral bracts, inflorescences and flowers in Gnidia (Thymelaeaceae). Systematics and Geography of Plants 71(2), 419-31.
- ^ Beaumont, A. J., et al. (2009). Gnidia (Thymelaeaceae) is not monophyletic: taxonomic implications for Thymelaeoideae and a partial new generic taxonomy for Gnidia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 160(4), 402-17. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00988.x
- ^ Bhandurge, P., et al. (2013). The Gnidia genus: A review. Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 3(19), 1-31.
External links
edit- Species listing: Gnidia. Red List of South African Plants. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI).