The Gladenbach Uplands (German: Gladenbacher Bergland), named after their central town of Gladenbach, is a range of hills up to 609 m high in the Rhine Massif in Germany, on the junction of the Rothaar Mountains (north and northwest), Westerwald (southwest), (Eastern) Hintertaunus (in the south) and West Hesse Highlands in the east. It lies in Central Hesse within the districts of Marburg-Biedenkopf, Lahn-Dill and Gießen within the so-called Lahn-Dill-(Dietzhölze-) loop. Small parts of the Upper Lahn Valley in the northwest belong, together with the town of Bad Laasphe, also to the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein, North Rhine-Westphalia.
| Gladenbach Uplands | |
|---|---|
.jpg) View from the Dreisberg to the south of the village of Gladenbach | |
| Highest point | |
| Peak | Angelburg |
| Elevation | 609.4 m above NN |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 80 km (50 mi) |
| Area | 780 km2 (300 sq mi) |
| Geography | |
  Gladenbach Uplands | |
| State(s) | Middle Hesse (small elements also part of Wittgenstein Land, NRW) |
| Range coordinates | 50°47′18″N 8°25′43″E / 50.7882°N 8.42869°E |
| Parent range | Westerwald, Rhenish Massif |
| Geology | |
| Orogeny | hills of the German Central Uplands |
The Gladenbach Uplands are geographical unit 320 which is part of the natural region 32, the Westerwald, in Germany's system of natural regions. The Gladenbach Highlands is largely coextensive with the Lahn-Dill Uplands Nature Park which extends further west, however, but is somewhat less extensive in the southeast and whose boundaries tend to line up with those of the sponsoring municipalities. In addition, not insignificant areas belong to the historical Hessian Hinterland, which is why the two named articles refer to one another, as far as regional associations, culture and history are concerned. Geology and mining will be largely covered in the article on the Lahn-Dill Region
Geography
editLocation and boundaries
edit
On the rivers Lahn and Dill the following towns - clockwise from the north - border the Gladenbach Uplands:
- Bad Laasphe (northwest)
- Biedenkopf (north)
- Western suburbs of Marburg (northeast)
- Lollar (southeast)
- Gießen (southeast)
- Wetzlar (south)
- Herborn (southwest)
- Dillenburg (west)
The northwest transitions to the Rothaar Mountains are comparatively fluid. Here the watershed between the Lahn tributaries of the Banfe and Perf define the boundary.
Rivers and streams
editThe natural regions mentioned above are generally divided between the catchment areas of the der Lahn and Dill tributaries and the landscapes separated by these rivers.
The most important watercourses, in addition to the boundary rivers of the Lahn, Dill and Dietzhölze – are the Aar, the Salzböde, the Perf and Allna.
The following rivers and streams are sorted in clockwise order i.e. down the Lahn and up the Dill, beginning with the upper reaches of the Lahn in the north and cover a catchment area of over 20 km²:[1]
(the natural regions are linked in the column of their most important river!)
| Name |
Parent river |
Length [km] |
Catchment- area [km²] |
Drains into [l/s] |
Mouth elevation [m above NN] |
Natural regions (heading downstream) |
Roads |
DGKZ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diete | Perf (l) | 8,8 | 24,64 | 310 | Breidenbach Bottom | B 253 | 25814-6 | |
| Gansbach | Perf (l) | 11,1 | 23,17 | 349 | Bottenhorn Plateaux, Breidenbach Bottom |
L 3042 | 25814-2 | |
| Perf | Lahn (r) | 20,0 | 113,13 | 1776 | 285 | Bottenhorn Plateaux, Breidenbach Bottom |
L 3049, B 253 |
258-14 |
| Dautphe | Lahn (r) | 8,8 | 41,81 | 533 | 245 | Bottenhorn Plateaux, Upper Lahn Valley |
B 453 | 258-16 |
| Elnhauser Wasser | Ohe (l) | 5,9 | 24,25 | 171 | 195 | Elnhausen-Michelbach Basin | 258326-6 | |
| Ohe | Allna (l) | 11,5 | 44,28 | 337 | 195 | Damshäuser Kuppen, Elnhausen-Michelbach Basin |
L 3387 | 25832-6 |
| Allna | Lahn (r) | 19,1 | 92,02 | 665 | 172 | Damshäuser Kuppen, Elnhausen-Michelbach Basin |
L 3387 | 258-32 |
| Wenkbach | Lahn (r) | 7,2 | 20,77 | 107 | 168 | Salzböde Valley, Marburger Lahn Valley Basin |
258-332 | |
| Salzböde | Lahn (r) | 27,6 | 137,85 | 1322 | 164 | Zollbuche, Salzböde Valley, Krofdorf-Königsberg Forest, Marburger Lahn Valley Basin |
L 3050, B 255, L 3048 |
258-34 |
| Vers | Salzböde (r) | 8,4 | 42,55 | 188 | Salzböde Valley | L 3061 | 25834-8 | |
| Bieber | Lahn (r) | 13,5 | 34,68 | 217 | 155 | Krofdorf-Königsberg Forest, Gießen Lahn Valley Basin |
L 3474, L 3286 |
258-394 |
| Lemp | Dill (l) | 11,7 | 34,97 | 274 | 170 | Krofdorf-Königsberg Forest, Krofdorf-Königsberger/Hörre |
L 3052 | 2584-92 |
| Aar | Dill (l) | 20,6 | 148,76 | 1602 | 210 | Niederweidbach Basin, Hörre/Schelde Forest, Lower Dill Valley |
B 255 | 2584-6 |
| Siegbach | Aar (r) | 12,2 | 28,67 | 260 | Bottenhorn Plateaux, Zollbuche |
- / L 3050, - / L 3049 |
25846-6 | |
| Schelde | Dill (l) | 12,0 | 35,03 | 426 | 221 | Schelde Forest | L 3042 | 2584-56 |
| Dietzhölze | Dill (l) | 23,7 | 88,44 | 1431 | 233 | Rothaar Mountains, Upper Dill Valley | B 253 | 2584-4 |
The outer boundary of the Gladenbach Uplands is formed by the Lahn and Dill accompanied in the north (upper reaches of the Lahn) by the B 62, in the east by the B 3 Marburg-Gießen (mostly autobahn-like, clearly external in the Marburg area), in the east, south of the B 49 Gießen-Wetzlar (mostly autobahn-like) and in the southwest (lower reaches of the Dill) by the A 45. The Bundesstraße 253 Dillenburg-Biedenkopf (see above) roughly closes the remaining gap.
Waterbodies
editThe most important reservoir in the Gladenbach Uplands is the Aartalsee (57 ha, 270 m above NN) in the Niederweidbach Basin, followed by the Perf Reservoir (18 ha, 301 m) in the Breidenbach Bottom (Breidenbach Bottom).
Hills
editThe hills of the Gladenbach Uplands, arranged by ridge or natural region, include the following:
(Location of the natural regions with the Gladenbach Uplands and location of the hills within the natural region)
- Bottenhorn Plateaux - northwest of the centre
- Angelburg (609 m) – west of the centre; occasionally counted as part of the Schelde Forest
- Schmittgrund (590 m) – southern spur of the Angelburg, occasionally counted as part of the Schelde Forest
- Mattenberg (578 m) – north west
- Kurzbeul (566 m) – extreme west
- Würgeloh (563,9 m) north Hartenrod / Bad Endbach
- Madche (560 m) – northwest
- Daubhaus (551,8 m) – extreme east, north of Rachelshausen
- Allberg (528 m) – northeast of the Daubhaus
- Hünstein (504 m) – north of the Allberg; not really an independent summit, but has an observation tower; gives its name to Holzhausen am Hünstein
- Bolzeberg (520 m) – extreme northeast
- Steffenberg (489 m) – extreme (west) north, gives its name to the municipality of Steffenberg
- Angelburg (609 m) – west of the centre; occasionally counted as part of the Schelde Forest
- Schelde Forest (in the narrow sense) – west
- Eschenburg (590 m NN) – north, above the Dietzhölze Valley (which lies to the northwest)
- Hohe Koppe (540.2 m) – northeast
- Stockseite (516 m) – east
- Breidenbach Bottom – extreme north(west)
- Hemmerichskopf (562 m) – western boundary with the Rothaar Mountains
- Schwarzenberg (561 m) – northeast; centre of a large contiguous forest area southwest of Biedenkopf and east of Breidenbach
- Hachenberg (552 m) – northern subpeak
- Nimerich (533 m) – southeastern subpeak; highest point in the municipality of Dautphetal
- Schadenberg (545 m) – southwest of the centre
- Galgenberg (541 m) – extreme southwest
- Entenberg (535 m) – northwestern boundary to the Rothaar Mountains
- Zollbuche – centre
- Hirschhohl (503 m) – northwest boundary with the plateaux
- Schönscheid (498 m) – west, northwest Günterod
- Bad Endbacher Platte (up to 488 m) – centre
- Hemmerich (475.7 m) – east; forms with Koppe and Dreisberg the eastern trio of hills of the Gladenbach Uplands
- Koppe (454 m) – with observation tower; near Gladenbach-Erdhausen
- Dreisberg (448 m)
- Damshäuser Kuppen – northeast
- Rimberg (498 m) – east north; with observation tower
- Kappe (494 m) – west north
- Schweinskopf (472 m) – north west, near Dautphetal-Herzhausen
- Eichelhardt (465 m) – northwest
- Dusenberg (457 m) – extreme west, near Dautphetal-Herzhausen
- Hornberg (451 m) – extreme northwest
- Hungert (412 m) – extreme northeast; pyramidal Kuppe on the boundary with the Marburg Ridge
- Auersberg (385 m) – east, between Elnhausen, Nesselbrunn and Dilschhausen
- Donnerberg (370 m) – southeast, northeast of Gladenbach
- Krofdorf-Königsberg Forest – south and southeast
- Dünsberg (498 m) – east centre; volcanic singularity with Celtic excavation sites, TV transmission tower and observation tower
- Altenberg (442 m) – northwest centre, observation tower
- Ramsberg (ca. 435 m) – north; Hohensolms Castle
- Forst Krofdorf (up to 357 m) – east; large contiguous forest region that links the Dünsberg to the east with the Lahn Valley
- Königsstuhl (348 m) – south; one of the southernmost hills of the Gladenbach Uplands
- Hörre – southwest
- Alteburg (445 m) – in the centre
- Roßberg (392 m) – northeast, south of Bischoffen
- Koppe (354 m) – south, west of Kölschhausen
- Niederweidbach Basin – south of the centre
- Bergwald (im east up to 392 m) – east of the centre
- Salzböde Valley – northeast, east and southeast of the centre
- Kirchberg (362 m) – north, east of Gladenbach
- Lammerich (357 m) – north, southwest of Gladenbach
References
edit- ^ River data from WRRL Hessen Archived 2009-06-01 at the Wayback Machine
Literature
edit- Meynen, Emil (ed.): Handbuch der naturräumlichen Gliederung Deutschlands. Selbstverlag der Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Remagen, 1953-1962 (Part 1, contains issues 1-5), ISBN B0000BJ19E
- Meynen, Emil (ed.): Handbuch der naturräumlichen Gliederung Deutschlands. Selbstverlag der Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Remagen, 1959-1962 (Part 2, contains issues 6-9), ISBN B0000BJ19F
External links
edit- map and aerial photo of the Gladenbach Uplands / Placemarks Download (Google Earth required)
- BfN
- Map services
- Landscape fact files