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Georgy Erikhovich Langemak (Russian: Георгий Эрихович Лангемак; 8 July [O.S. 26 June] 1898 – 11 January 1938) was a Soviet engineer in the Soviet space program, working on rocket design applications. He is chiefly remembered for being the co-designer and directing the development of the aircraft unguided rockets, such as the RS-82 and RS-132, which were modified to be used with such success in the Katyusha rocket launchers of World War II.[citation needed] The crater Langemak on the Moon is named in his honor.[citation needed]
Georgy Langemark | |
|---|---|
 Langemak in 1935 | |
| Native name | Георгий Лангемак |
| Birth name | Georgy Erikhovich Langemak |
| Nickname(s) | Marshal of Victory |
| Born | 20 July 1898 Starobil's'k, Ukraine,Russian Empire |
| Died | 11 January 1938 (aged 39) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Allegiance | |
| Branch | |
| Service years | 1914–1957 |
| Rank | Marshal of the Soviet Union (1943–1957) |
| Awards | Hero of the Socialist Labour |
Life
editBeginning in 1928, he worked at the Soviet Gas Dynamics Laboratory along with several other notable Soviet rocket scientists, and they developed rocket projectiles that used smokeless powder. This group was later merged with another rocketry organization to become the Reactive Scientific Research Institute (RNII). Langemak became the deputy director of the RNII. In 1936 this group completed the technical specifications for a rocket-glider.
In 1937, during the Great Purge, he was fired and subsequently arrested by NKVD, along with RNII director Ivan Kleymyonov and engine designer Valentin Glushko, as a follow-up to a denunciation letter by the director of RNII liquid fuel engine laboratory, Andrei Kostikov (who subsequently took his position in the institute), in which he claimed Langemak was sabotaging the research and development progress of the new engine. Langemak was judged by a visiting session of Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union on 11 January 1938, found guilty under the article 58-7, 58-8, and 58-11, and sentenced to death by shooting with property confiscation. The execution took place the same day.[1]
Exoneration
editHe was rehabilitated completely in November 1955.
Langemak and other participants in the creation of the Katyusha rocket launcher received official recognition only in 1991. By decree of President Mikhail Gorbachev, dated 21 June 1991, Kleymyonov, Langemak, Vasily Luzhin, Boris Petropavlovsky, Boris Slonimer, and Nikolai Tikhomirov were posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.[2][3]
References
edit- ^ Лангемак Георгий Эрихович Автор Александр Глушко. На основании документов из архивов ЦГАВМФ, ФСБ, Самарского филиала РГАНТД и личного архива А. В. Глушко.
- ^ "Who created the "Katyusha"? Andrey Kostikov: the life and fate of the inventor of "Katyusha" Who is the designer of Katyusha". Retrieved 5 June 2022.
- ^ "Указ Президента СССР от 21.06.1991 № УП-2120 «О присвоении звания Героя Социалистического Труда создателям отечественного реактивного оружия»". КонсультантПлюс. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
Bibliography
edit- Langemak, G. E. and Glushko, V. P., "The Missile, Its Device and Use", 1935.
- Лангемак Георгий Эрихович, Автор Александр Глушко. На основании документов из архивов ЦГАВМФ, ФСБ, Самарского филиала РГАНТД и личного архива А. В. Глушко.
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