Gaochang or Karahoja (Uyghur: قاراھوجا, romanized: Qarahoja, Қарахоҗа; Chinese: 高昌; pinyin: Gāochāng), is the only district and the seat of the oasis city of Turpan, in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Its population was 254,900 at the end of 2003.
Gaochang
高昌区 • قاراھوجا رايونى Karahoja, Qarahoja | |
|---|---|
 City center | |
.png) Location of Karahoja (red) in Turpan Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang | |
  Gaochang Location of the district centre in Xinjiang  Gaochang Gaochang (China) | |
| Coordinates (Turpan government): 42°57′04″N 89°11′22″E / 42.9512°N 89.1895°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
| Prefecture-level city | Turpan |
| Township-level divisions | 3 subdistricts 2 towns 7 townships |
| District seat | Laocheng Road Subdistrict |
| Area | |
• Total | 13,650 km2 (5,270 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
• Total | 317,443 |
| • Density | 23/km2 (60/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard[a]) |
| Postal code | 838000 |
| Area code | 0995 |
| Website | gcq |
| Gaochang, Turpan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 高昌区 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 高昌區 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||
| Uyghur | قاراھوجا رايونى | ||||||
| |||||||
Name
editAccording to the municipal government of Turpan, the district is named after the ancient city of Gaochang. It was also proposed that the district be named after Ayding Lake.[2]
History
editThe district was created on 12 April 2015 after Turpan was upgraded from a county-level city into a prefecture-level city. The district has the same size and population as the former Turpan county-level city.[3]
Demographics
editSubdivisions
editGaochang District is divided into 4 subdistricts, 5 towns, 3 townships and 1 other township-level division.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | ||||||
| Laocheng Subdistrict | 老城街道 | Lǎochéng Jiēdào | كونا شەھەر كوچا باشقارمىسى | Kona sheher kocha bashqarmisi | 650402001 | |
| Gaochang Subdistrict | 高昌街道 | Gāochāng Jiēdào | قاراھوجا كوچا باشقارمىسى | Qarahoja kocha bashqarmisi | 650402002 | |
| Putaogou Subdistrict | 葡萄沟街道 | Pútáogōu Jiēdào | بۇيلۇق كوچا باشقارمىسى | Buyluq kocha bashqarmisi | 650402003 | |
| Hongliuhe Subdistrict | 红柳河街道 | Hóngliǔhé Jiēdào | يۇلغۇن ئېغىن كوچا باشقارمىسى | Yulghun ëghin kocha bashqarmisi | 650402004 | |
| Towns | ||||||
| Qiquanhu Town | 七泉湖镇 | Qīquánhú Zhèn | چىچان بازىرى | Chichan baziri | 650402100 | |
| Daheyan Town | 大河沿镇 | Dàhéyán Zhèn | داخىيەن بازىرى | Daxiyen baziri | 650402101 | |
| Yar Town | 亚尔镇 | Yà'ěr Zhèn | يار بازىرى | Yar baziri | 650402102 | |
| Aydingköl Town (Aidinghu Town) |
艾丁湖镇 | Àidīnghú Zhèn | ئايدىڭكۆل بازىرى | Aydingköl baziri | 650402103 | |
| Ürümchilik Town (Putao Town) |
葡萄镇 | Pútáo Zhèn | ئۈرۈمچىلىك بازىرى | Ürümchilik baziri | 650402104 | |
| Yalquntagh Town (Huoyanshan Town) |
火焰山镇 | Huǒyànshān Zhèn | يالقۇنتاغ بازىرى | Yalquntagh baziri | 650402105 | |
| Townships | ||||||
| Chatqal Township | 恰特喀勒乡 | Qiàtèkālè Xiāng | چاتقال يېزىسى | Chatqal yëzisi | 650402203 | |
| Astane Township (Sanbu Township) |
三堡乡 | Sānbǔ Xiāng | ئاستانە يېزىسى | Astane yëzisi | 650402205 | |
| Shengjin Township | 胜金乡 | Shèngjīn Xiāng | سىڭگىم يېزىسى | Singgim yëzisi | 650402206 | |
| Township-level division | ||||||
| Turpan Seed Stock Station | 原种场 | Yuánzhǒngchǎng | ئەسلى ئۇرۇمچىلىق مەيدانى | Esli Urumchiliq meydani | 650402401 | |
Climate
editGaochang District has a cold-desert climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Gaochang is 6.5 °C (43.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 50.8 mm (2.00 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) and lowest in January, at around −11.5 °C (11.3 °F).
| Climate data for Gaochang (Hongliuhe, 1981−2010 normals, extremes 1981−2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.3 (54.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
34.4 (93.9) |
36.9 (98.4) |
40.2 (104.4) |
40.6 (105.1) |
34.5 (94.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.7 (27.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.2 (82.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
14.8 (58.6) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
14.8 (58.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.5 (11.3) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
0.2 (32.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
15.3 (59.5) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.2 (59.4) |
6.1 (43.0) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
6.5 (43.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
15.4 (59.7) |
13.8 (56.8) |
7.6 (45.7) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−0.8 (30.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.3 (−17.1) |
−26.6 (−15.9) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−24.2 (−11.6) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.0 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
2.2 (0.09) |
2.7 (0.11) |
4.5 (0.18) |
8.9 (0.35) |
13.1 (0.52) |
9.2 (0.36) |
3.3 (0.13) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.3 (0.05) |
50.8 (2.01) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 56 | 42 | 31 | 25 | 23 | 28 | 32 | 31 | 28 | 35 | 45 | 56 | 36 |
| Source: China Meteorological Data Service Center[5] | |||||||||||||
Notes
edit- ^ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.
References
edit- ^ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ "原新疆吐鲁番市为何更名为高昌区?-亚心网". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
- ^ "吐鲁番撤地设市 新疆首个撤销地区建制设立的地级市". news.xinhuanet.com. ECNS - China News. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
- ^ 3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 [3-7 Population by Nationality by Prefecture, State, City and County (City)]. tjj.xinjiang.gov.cn (in Chinese). Statistical Bureau of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. 2020-06-10. Archived from the original on 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
- ^ 中国地面气候标准值月值(1981-2010) (in Chinese (China)). China Meteorological Data Service Center. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
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