Gangadhar Nehru (1827 – 4 February 1861) was the Kotwal (chief police officer) of Delhi during the Indian War of Independence in 1857.[1][2][3][4] He was the father of freedom fighter and Congress leader Motilal Nehru and the grandfather of freedom fighter and first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru.[5][6][7][8][9]
Early life
editHe was born in 1827,[10] was appointed the Kotwal of Delhi sometime before 1857. He was the last Kotwal of Delhi.[11][12][13] After the revolt of 1857,[14] when the British police took over the city of Delhi and started the massacre,[15] he moved to Agra with his wife Jiorani Devi and their three children.[16][17][18][19]
Biography
editHe had three sons. The eldest, Banshidhar Nehru, started working in the Justice Department after the establishment of Victoria's rule in India and was continuously appointed to various places across the country, which kept him away from the family. The second son, Nandlal Nehru, served as the Diwan of Khetri,[20] a princely state in Rajasthan, for about ten years.[21] Later, he returned to Agra,[22] obtained his legal education, and began practicing law there, becoming one of Agra's successful lawyers.[23] Due to the formation of the Allahabad High Court, he had to spend most of his time in Allahabad for work, so he moved his family there permanently and practiced law in both Allahabad and Kanpur.[24]
The third son was Motilal Nehru, who was deeply influenced by his elder brother, Nandlal Nehru. Since Nandlal was considered one of the best lawyers in Kanpur, Motilal started his practice there as his assistant. Motilal later became a famous lawyer in his own right. His son (Gangadhar's grandson), Jawaharlal Nehru, became the first Prime Minister of India.[25][26]
References
edit- ^ Agrawal, Meena (2016-10-14). Indira Gandhi. Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-5083-008-6.
- ^ M.K.Singh, Ravi Ranjan & (2021-09-11). Indira Gandhi. K.K. Publications.
- ^ Nehru, Motilal (1982). Selected Works of Motilal Nehru: 1899-1918. Vikas. ISBN 978-0-7069-1885-4.
- ^ "पंडित जवाहर लाल नेहरू के दादा थे दिल्ली के आखिरी कोतवाल, पढ़ें रोचक तथ्य..." News18 हिंदी (in Hindi). 2021-01-25. Retrieved 2024-07-31.
- ^ Remembering Our Leaders. Children's Book Trust. 1989. ISBN 978-81-7011-842-8.
- ^ Clifton, Ana (2019-07-20). 100 Greatest Leaders. Rupa Publications. ISBN 978-93-5333-549-6.
- ^ Agrawal, S. K. (2021-01-01). Jawaharlal Nehru: Jawaharlal Nehru: S.K. Agrawal's Comprehensive Portrait of India's First Prime Minister. Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 978-93-5186-352-6.
- ^ Kumar, Anil Kumar / Manish (2021-01-19). Bharat Ratnas: Bharat Ratnas: Celebrating India's Greatest Achievers and Legends. Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-8430-406-0.
- ^ Akbar, M. J. (2016-05-27). "Remembering Nehru: From the Mughal Court to Jawaharlal". TheQuint. Retrieved 2024-07-31.
- ^ وششٹھ, اندر (2019-02-16). "دہلی پولس کا یوم تاسیس: دہلی کا پہلا کوتوال فخرالدین ایمانداری کی مثال...خصوصی پیشکش". Qaumi Awaz (in Urdu). Retrieved 2024-08-01.
- ^ Parvez, At̤har (1967). Anmol ratan (in Urdu). Urdū Ghar.
- ^ Wolpert, Stanley A. (1996). Nehru: A Tryst with Destiny. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-510073-0.
- ^ RAJ, RISHI; KUMAR, RAM; PRADHAN, RAM CHANDRA (2022-08-10). Histories of The Indian Freedom Struggle: Bestseller Book by RISHI RAJ; RAM KUMAR; RAM CHANDRA PRADHAN: Histories of the Indian Freedom Struggle. Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 978-2-02-208100-7.
- ^ Sahgal, Manmohini Zutshi; Forbes, Geraldine Hancock; Nehru, B. K. (2016-09-16). An Indian Freedom Fighter Recalls Her Life. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-315-48403-7.
- ^ Rau, M. Chalapathi (1967). Nehru for Children. Children's Book Trust. ISBN 978-81-7011-035-4.
- ^ Nehru, Jawaharlal (2004). Letters from a Father to His Daughter. Puffin Books. ISBN 978-0-670-05816-7.
- ^ Roychoudhury, Hari Pada (2023-05-25). The Dark Side of Gandhi: 2nd Edition. Notion Press. ISBN 979-8-88975-588-3.
- ^ "Truth about Nehru: Why conspiracy theorists are wrong about him".
- ^ "نہرو خاندان حیران کن انکشافات". Nawaiwaqt (in Urdu). 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
- ^ Ram, Malik. Letters by Abu al Kalam Azad: Urdu (in Urdu). Urdu-Books.
- ^ Dayā Narāʼin Nigam ke risālah Zamānah Kānpūr, 1903-1942 se intik̲h̲āb (in Urdu). K̲h̲udā Bak̲h̲sh Oriyanṭal Pablik Lāʼibrerī. 1993.
- ^ Muṣt̤afá, G̲h̲ulām Muḥammad (1990). Musalmānān-i Sahāranpūr aur taḥrīk-i Dārulʻulūm Devband ba-maʻ dīgar ʻilmī taḥārīk ...: taḥqīqī jāʼizah (in Urdu). Sāʼūth Eshiyan Prinṭarz ainḍ Pablisharz.
- ^ حسىنى, شاهد، (1964). امر جىون (in Urdu). Anjuman Taraqqī Urdū Āndhrā Pardesh.
- ^ Dheer, Kewal (1968). Javāhir Lāl Nahrū (in Urdu).
- ^ "Remembering Motilal Nehru, founder of the Nehru-Gandhi family". India Today. 2017-02-06. Retrieved 2024-07-31.
- ^ Ḥaidarī, Karam (1981). ملّت کا پاسبان (in Urdu). Qāʾid-i Aʻẓam Akādmī.