Fort Metal Cross, originally Fort Dixcove, is a military structure located on a promontory at the fishing community of Infuma in Dixcove, in the Western Region of Ghana.[1] Because of its history in the Atlantic slave trade and its testimony to European-African trade, the Fort was included as one of the Forts and Castles of Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions that became a World Heritage Site in 1979.[2]
| Fort Metal Cross | |
|---|---|
| Part of British Gold Coast | |
 Fort Metal Cross in 1727. | |
  Fort Metal Cross | |
| Coordinates | 4°47′36″N 1°56′41″W / 4.79321°N 1.94484°W |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1683 |
| Garrison information | |
| Occupants | Britain (1683-1868) Netherlands (1868-1872) |
| Location | Dixcove, Western Region, Ghana |
| Part of | Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions |
| Criteria | Cultural: (vi) |
| Reference | 34-008 |
| Inscription | 1979 (3rd Session) |
History
editBrandenburg-Prussia started building Fort Groß Friedrichsburg about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west of Dixcove in 1683, (now Princes Town) in the colony of Brandenburger Gold Coast but it was not completed until the 1690s.
Fort Metal Cross was besieged twice in 1712 by John Kanu, a local ally of the Prussians, but the fort was defended successfully.[3]
The fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands in 1868 under the Anglo-Dutch Gold Coast Treaty.[4] It was renamed Fort Metalen Kruis. Four years later, however, on 6 April 1872, the fort was, with the entire Dutch Gold Coast, again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the Gold Coast treaty of 1871. The Dutch name stuck, however, translated as Fort Metal Cross.[5] It was known as ‘the fake mint of the Gold Coast’ by author Bosman because the gold that was mined was mostly impure gold. This led to the promise of gold never happened. The fort was a service station for the supply of timber from nearby forest and repairing of ships. It was also used as a slave prison during the slave trade. The British and Dutch had a fort exchange agreement in 1867 and the Dutch became the owners of the fort. The Dutch later sold their forts to the British.[1]
Current
editThe fort has been both a Police Station and a Postal station.[1] It has been leased to a private institution by an English citizen, Robert Fidler, and his family, and is maintained as a tourist site and congregation point for churches.[6]
Gallery
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Exterior photograph of Fort Metal Cross, Dixcove, Western Region, Ghana. It is composed of two images stitched together taken from just outside -
Fort metal cross in Ghana -
Fort Metal Cross in Ghana -
Fort Metal Cross -
Cannon ball at Fort Metal Cross -
A view of Fort Metal Cross -
Fort Metal Cross -
Fort Metal Cross -
Fort Metal Cross -
Fort Metal Cross -
Fort Metal Cross in Ghana -
Fort Metal Cross in Ghana
References
edit
- ^ a b c "Fort Metal Cross, Dixcove (1692)". Ghana Museums and Monuments Board. Retrieved 2022-05-23.
- ^ Journals, IU Press (2015-02-20). Transition 114: Transition: The Magazine of Africa and the Diaspora. Indiana University Press. p. 91. ISBN 9780253018588.
- ^ "Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions".
- ^ Doortmont, Michel René; Smit, Jinna (2007). Sources for the Mutual History of Ghana and the Netherlands: An Annotated Guide to the Dutch Archives Relating to Ghana and West Africa in the Nationaal Archief, 1593-1960s (in Dutch). BRILL. p. 325. ISBN 978-9004158504.
- ^ Briggs, Philip; Connolly, Sean (2016-12-05). Ghana. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 247. ISBN 9781784770341.
- ^ Roberts (2014). "Castles". Transition (114): 88. doi:10.2979/transition.114.88.