The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Counterterrorism (Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbekämpfung, "BVT") was an Austrian police organization that acted as a domestic intelligence agency. It was tasked with the protection of the constitutional organs of the Republic of Austria and their ability to function. The agency was created from the Austrian State police, as well as various special task forces targeting organized crime and terrorism that were under the direction of the Directorate General for Public Security (Generaldirektion für die öffentliche Sicherheit, "GDföS"), which itself is a department of the Federal Ministry of the Interior. The BVT published the Verfassungsschutzbericht, an annual report on the status of the protection of the constitution.[1]
| Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbekämpfung | |
 | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 2002 |
| Dissolved | 2021 |
| Superseding agency | |
| Jurisdiction | Austrian Federal Government |
| Headquarters | Rennweg 89-93, Landstraße, Vienna |
| Agency executive |
|
| Parent agency | Directorate General for Public Security (GDföS) |
| Website | http://www.bvt.gv.at |
In late 2021, following criticism for perceived failures in preventing the 2020 Vienna attack, the BVT was dissolved and replaced with the new State Security and Intelligence Directorate (DSN).[2]
History
editThe BVT was created in 2002 through the reorganization of various special task forces of the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the former state police. This was undertaken as a reaction to a perceived danger to public security caused by an increase in international terrorism. In the wake of the September 11 attacks, Federal Minister of the Interior Ernst Strasser ordered the restructuring of Austrian counterterrorism efforts.
Gert-René Polli, an officer of the Heeresnachrichtenamt, was named director. After Polli's resignation in October 2007, Peter Gridling, a former director of an Austrian counterterrorism task force, was named his successor.[3]
On February 28, 2018, the BVT was raided by Austrian Federal Police under orders of prosecutors acting on an anti-corruption investigation, taking sensitive info on far-right groups known to be close to the FPÖ.[4] Peter Gridling was suspended from duty when the raids occurred.[4]
In the aftermath of the 2020 Vienna attack, Erich Zwettler was suspended from his work with the BVT[5][6] and the organization was replaced by the new DSN.[2] According to a Vienna-based European diplomat, the BVT was "so compromised that for a time it was cut out of much European intelligence sharing activity".[7] The BVT was alleged to be compromised by Russian intelligence agents,[7] to the extent that it was at one point suspended from European intelligence sharing.[8] An Austrian official stated that they were implementing wide reform of its security agencies.
Two years after the dissolution of the BVT in 2023, it became public that in 2015, BVT agents sought residence and asylum in Austria for a Syrian general who was alleged to have committed crimes in the Syrian civil war. This is said to have happened under pressure from the Israeli Mossad, after the general defected to the Free Syrian Army.[9]
Organization
editThe legal basis for the BVT was the Sicherheitspolizeigesetz ("Federal Security Police Act"). The BVT existed as a federal office with nine bureaus, one in each of the nine states of Austria, generally located alongside the state police in the capital of each respective state.[citation needed]
For oversight of the BVT, the Austrian National Council created a standing subcommittee for internal affairs.[10]
References
edit- ^ "Verfassungsschutzberichte". bmi.gv.at (in German). Archived from the original on 3 March 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ a b Sneineh, Mustafa Abu (17 December 2021). "Austria appoints Jordanian as security chief". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
- ^ Wetz, Andreas (27 November 2010). "Spurensuche beim Verfassungsschutz". Die Presse (in German). Retrieved 28 November 2010.
- ^ a b "Austrian police raid on agency prompts outrage". Deutsche Welle. AFP, dpa, Reuters. 13 March 2018.
- ^ "Vienna anti-terror chief Erich Zwettler suspended over security lapses after jihadist attack". Agence France-Presse. 7 November 2020.
- ^ Kocina, Erich; Thalhammer, Anna (6 November 2020). "Moscheen geschlossen, LVT-Leiter abberufen" [Mosques closed, LVT leader dismissed]. Die Presse (in German).
- ^ a b Jones, Sam; Rathbone, John Paul (27 March 2022). "'Tip of the iceberg': rise in Russian spying activity alarms European capitals". Financial Times. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
- ^ Faiola, Anthony; Mekhennet, Souad (5 July 2022). "After invasion of Ukraine, a reckoning on Russian influence in Austria". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 5 July 2022.
- ^ "Austrians tried for allegedly helping Mossad shield Syrian". AP News. 14 April 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ "Ständige Unterausschüsse zur Kontrolle der Nachrichtendienste". parlament.gv.at. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
External links
edit- "Federal Security Police Act". Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes (in German).
- Klenk, Florian (15 January 2003). "Mach auf die Tür". Falter (in German). Archived from the original on 23 September 2009.
- "Report". Österreichischer Rechnungshof (in German). 13 January 2009. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013.