Expedition of Abdullah ibn Rawaha[2] to Khyber, took place in February 628 AD.[1] Ibn Hisham also refers to this as Abdullah b. Rawaha's raid to kill al-Yusayr b. Rizam.[10]
| Expedition of Abdullah ibn Rawaha | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Abdullah ibn Rawaha | Unknown (possibly Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam) | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 30[8] | 30 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 1 wounded |
29 killed (1 escaped)[5][6][7][9] | ||||||
The assassination was successful, and ibn Rizam was killed as well as 29 of his followers.[5][6][7][9]
Assassination of Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam
editThe assassination of Abu Rafi did not relieve Muhammad of his apprehensions. Muhammad did not feel safe from the Jews of Khyber.[11]
Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam was elected the new chief of the Khyber Jews. He maintained the same good relations with the Banu Ghatafan that his predecessor Abu Rafi had. Muhammad heard that Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam was planning a fresh attack against him. So he deputed Abdallah ibn Rawaha, a leader of the Banu Khazraj, and sent him with three followers to Khyber to gather intelligence on how Al-Yusayr may be taken unaware and assassinated.[5][9]
But Abdullah ibn Rawaha found the Jews to be extremely alert for this second assassination to be a success. When he returned to Medina a new strategy was devised, Muhammad again sent him openly with 30 men mounted on camels to persuade al-Yusayr to visit Medina. When they arrived, they assured Yusayr they will make him the ruler of Khyber and would treat him well, giving al-Yusayr ibn Rizam a solemn guarantee of his safety.[5][9]
So he was mounted on the horse of Abdullah ibn Unais and the Muslims rode behind him. When they arrived at al-Qarqarat, about six miles from Khyber, al-Yusayr suspected the plans of the Muslims and changed his mind about going to meet Muhammad. He dismounted from the beast he was riding with Abdullah ibn Unais. Abdullah ibn Unais perceived that al-Yusayr was drawing his sword. So he rushed at him and hit him with a deadly blow on his hip joint. Al-Yusayr fell wounded on the floor but hit Abdullah ibn Unais and wounded him with a camel staff, the only weapon within his reach.[5][9]
This was a signal for the Muslims to attack, each of the Muslims killed the Jews on the camels in front of them, one behind the other. The Muslims killed all the Jews, except one who escaped.[3][5][6][7]
Islamic primary sources
editThe Sunni hadith collection Sunan al-Tirmidhi no. 3923 mentions that Muhammad sent a detachment under Abdullah ibn Rawaha:
The Prophet (peace be upon him) sent Abdullah ibn Rawahah with a detachment and that happened to be on a Friday. His companions set off in the morning, but he decided to stay behind and catch up with them after saying the prayer along with Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him). When he did so he saw him and asked him what had prevented him from going out in the morning with his companions. He replied, "I wanted to pray along with you and then catch up with them." Whereupon he said, "If you were to contribute all that the earth contains you would not attain the excellence of their going out in the morning."
Tirmidhi transmitted it
[Tirmidhi no. 3923][12]
2:1966 also mentioned this incident.[13]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b List of Battles of Muhammad Archived July 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Atlas Al-sīrah Al-Nabawīyah. 2004. ISBN 9789960897714. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ a b William Muir, The life of Mahomet and history of Islam to the era of the Hegira, Volume 4, p. 17
- ^ Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 241. (online)
- ^ a b c d e f g Khan, Muhammad Zafrulla (January 1980). Muhammad, Seal of the Prophets. ISBN 9780710006103. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d "A thirty-horseman group headed by ‘Abdullah bin Rawaha", Witness-Pioneer.com
- ^ a b c d Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman (6 October 2020). The Sealed Nectar. ISBN 9798694145923. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ Atlas Al-sīrah Al-Nabawīyah. 2004. ISBN 9789960897714. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Muir, Sir William (1861). "The Life of Mahomet and History of Islam to the Era of the Hegira". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ Hisham, Abd al-Malik Ibn; Hishām, ʻabd al-Malik Ibn; Isḥāq, Muḥammad Ibn (1955). The life of Muhammad. ISBN 978-0-19-636034-8. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ Muir, Sir William (1861). "The Life of Mahomet and History of Islam to the Era of the Hegira". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ Tirmidhi (Partial translation), see no. 3923, p. 182.
- ^ Nasiruddin Khattab, English Translation of Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal, Darussalam, 2012, ISBN 6035001076 (online txt) (onlinde pdf)