Euphrates Volcano[a] was a joint operations room/coalition established during the Syrian Civil War. It mainly consisted of the Syrian Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) and certain factions of the Free Syrian Army (FSA). The group fought to expel the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant from Aleppo and Raqqa provinces.[1] In an October 2015 publication, the Washington D.C.-based Institute for the Study of War considered Euphrates Volcano as one of the "powerbrokers" in Aleppo Province, being primarily "anti-ISIS" but not necessarily "anti-regime".[8]
| Euphrates Volcano[1] | |
|---|---|
| بركان الفرات (Arabic) | |
 The emblem is a shield with the flags of the FSA and YPG on either side of the Euphrates river, with a volcano surrounded by a sun in the background | |
| Dates of operation | 10 September 2014[2] – 10 October 2015[3] |
| Group(s) | |
| Active regions | Aleppo Governorate and Raqqa Governorate[1] |
| Allies | |
| Opponents |  Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant[1] |
| Battles and wars | |
History
editIn September 2014, several Free Syrian Army groups released a video addressing the Siege of Kobani in which they issued a joint statement pledging to defend the city from ISIS and asking for aid from western countries to do so. The Wall Street Journal noted that the flag of the YPG featured prominently in the video, indicating the possibility of YPG cooperation with the FSA.[9]
This was proved true later that year, when YPG member started to train FSA members, eventually leading to the establishment of the Euphrates Volcano, which deepened the alliance between the PYD and Kobani FSA. [10][11]
The capture of Tell Abyad from ISIL in July 2015 was a major success of the Euphrates Volcano operations room.[12][13]
On 10 October 2015, the Euphrates Volcano was one of the founding members of the Syrian Democratic Forces.[14] Soon after the formation of the SDF, the Euphrates Volcano was superseded by various other groups and military councils within the SDF.[3] It was one of the few operations rooms which had been set up by non-government forces during the civil war that were able to transform into a "semi-stable" alliance.[15]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d Bizar, Redwan (12 September 2014). "YPG and FSA form a joint military chamber to combat ISIS in Syria". ARA News. Archived from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
- ^ Ali, Jan (13 September 2014). "YPG and FSA launch joint military operations against Islamic State in northern Syria". ARA News. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
- ^ a b "Syrian Opposition group infographics [updates]". 17 November 2016. Archived from the original on 15 December 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
- ^ Steele, Jonathan (12 February 2015). "Syrian Kurdish leader hails 'Euphrates Volcano' fight against IS". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 2018-09-20. Retrieved 2018-09-08.
- ^ Bizar, Redwan (26 October 2014). "'Kobane has turned into hell for ISIS': official". ARA News. Archived from the original on 9 October 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
- ^ Sly, Liz (13 June 2015). "Kurdish-Syrian force advances on key border town held by Islamic State". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
- ^ "U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces emerges as force against ISIS". Toronto Star. Associated Press. 2 December 2015. Archived from the original on 3 December 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
- ^ Jennifer Cafarella; Genevieve Casagrande (7 October 2015). "Syrian Opposition Guide" (PDF). Backgrounder. Institute for the Study of War. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
- ^ Who Are Syria's Moderate Rebels? Good Question., archived from the original on 2014-12-05, retrieved 2021-09-22
- ^ Zaman, Amberin (16 September 2014). "Islamic State helping the PKK to gain global legitimacy". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
- ^ Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad (21 November 2014). "The Factions of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab)". Syria Comment. Archived from the original on 24 November 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
- ^ Bizar, Redwan (8 June 2015). "Kurdish fighters and allied Syrian rebels continue progress against ISIS north Raqqa". ARA News. Archived from the original on 8 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
"Our campaign will not stop until liberating Tell Abyad and expelling Islamic State terrorists out of the area," Darwish said.
- ^ "How Islamic State Victories Shape the Syrian Civil War". Stratfor. 2 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
Over the past week, the Euphrates Volcano outfit, which is affiliated with the Free Syrian Army, openly targeted the Islamic State-held town of Tal Abyad in northern Raqaa province.
- ^ "Previous Articles List - KurdishQuestion.com". Archived from the original on 2016-02-24. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
- ^ The Future of ISIS: Regional and International Implications. Brookings Institution. 26 June 2018. p. 97. ISBN 9780815732174. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2018.
External links
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