Emine Hatun (Ottoman Turkish: امینه خاتون, lit. 'benign' or 'trusthworthy'; died in 1449) was a consort of Sultan Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire and probably mother of Murad II.
| Emine Hatun | |
|---|---|
| Valide Hatun of the Ottoman Empire (disputed) | |
| Tenure | 26 May 1421 – August 1444 |
| Predecessor | Devlet Hatun |
| Successor | Hüma Hatun |
| Second Tenure | September 1446 - 1449 |
| Predecessor | Hüma Hatun |
| Successor | Mara Hatun |
| Born | Elbistan, Dulkadirids |
| Died | 1449 Bursa,Ottoman Empire |
| Burial | Hatuniye Camii, Muradiye Complex, Bursa |
| Spouse | |
| Issue | Murad II (disputed) |
| Father | Mehmed of Dulkadir |
| Mother | Khadija Khatun |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Early life
editEmine Hatun was born as a Dulkadirid princess, the daughter of Nasir al-Dīn Mehmed, fifth ruler of the Beylik of Dulkadir (reign 1399–1442) and his consort Khadija Khatun.[1][2][3][4] Her niece Sittişah Hatun, daughter of her brother Zülkadiroğlu Süleyman Bey, married Mehmed II in 1449.[5]
Marriage
editIn 1403,[6] when Mehmed had defeated his brother İsa Çelebi and İsfendiyar Bey, the ruler of the Isfendiyarids who had formed an alliance with each other, he returned to Rum, and decided to make some alliances of his own. While he was feasting in Tokat, Karamanid ruler Mehmed Bey sent his head military judge, and ambassadors also arrived from the realm of Dulkadirids. Relations were mended and animosity was removed. Then there was made peace and friendship between them. At that time, gifts and tokens of betrothal were sent to the Emine Hatun, who was thus engaged to the Sultan. Mehmed Çelebi's important marriage alliance with the ruler of the neighboring tribal confederation of Dulkadir, which was especially rich in horses and horsemen, demonstrates his continued emphasis on tribal politics.[7][8] The alliance proved a great value for Nasireddin Mehmed Bey. This not only gave Mehmed armed assistance in his campaign for empire, but was always ready to attack the eastern provinces of the Karamanid principality.[9]
Dispute over being Murad II's mother
editThe identity of Sultan Murad II's mother is disputed. According to historians İsmail Hami Danişmend, and Heath W. Lowry, his mother was Emine Hatun. However, according to 15th century historian Şükrullah, Murad's mother was a concubine. Hüseyin Hüsâmeddin Yasar, an early 20th century historian, wrote in his work Amasya Tarihi, that his mother was Şahzade Hatun, daughter of Divitdar Ahmed Pasha.[10][11][12][13]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 27.
- ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 77-8.
- ^ Vakfı 2002, p. 179.
- ^ Lambton 1988, p. 262-3.
- ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 49.
- ^ Kastritsis 2007, p. 106.
- ^ Kastritsis 2007, p. 107.
- ^ Öztürk 2014.
- ^ Pitcher 1968, p. 60.
- ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2015). Bu Mülkün Sultanları. Alfa Yayıncılık. p. 72. ISBN 978-6-051-71080-8.
- ^ "MURAD II (ö. 855/1451): Osmanlı padişahı (1421-1444, 1446-1451)". İslam Ansiklopedisi. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
- ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 27 n. 2.
- ^ Heath W. Lowry (2003). The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. Albany: SUNY Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-7914-8726-6.
Sources
edit- Kastritsis, Dimitris J. (2007). The Sons of Bayezid: Empire Building and Representation in the Ottoman Civil War of 1402-1413. BRILL. ISBN 978-9-004-15836-8.
- Lambton, Ann K. S. (1988). Continuity and Change in Medieval Persia. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-133-2.
- Öztürk, Necdet (30 January 2014). Osmanlı Sosyal Hayatı. Işık Yayıncılık Ticaret. ISBN 978-6-055-12912-5.
- Pitcher, Donald Edgar (1968). An Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire: From Earliest Times to the End of the Sixteenth Century. Brill Archive. ISBN 978-9-004-07929-8.
- Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
- Uluçay, Mustafa Çağatay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ankara: Ötüken. ISBN 978-9-754-37840-5.
- Türk dünyası araştırmaları, Issues 136-138. Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı. 2002.