Mongolia elects its head of state—the President of Mongolia—at the national level. The president is elected for a six-year term by the people, using the Two-round system. The State Great Khural (Ullsyn Ikh Khural, State Great Assembly) has 76 members, originally elected for a four-year term from single-seat constituencies. Due to the voting system, Mongolia experienced extreme shifts in the composition of the parliament after the 1996, 2000, and 2004 elections, so it has changed to a system in which some seats are filled on the basis of votes for local candidates, and some on the basis of nationwide party preference totals. Beginning in 2008, local candidates were elected from 26 electoral districts. Beginning with the 2012 elections, a parallel system was enacted, combining a district part and a nationwide proportional part. 48 seats are chosen at the local level in 26 districts with 1-3 seats using Plurality-at-large voting. 28 seats are chosen from nationwide closed party lists using the Largest remainder method. In the district seats, a candidate is required to get at least 28% of the vote cast in a district to be elected. If there are seats that are not filled due to this threshold, a runoff election is held in the respective district with twice the number of representatives as there are seats to be filled, between the top vote-getters of the first round.[1][2]

Dominant parties are the Mongolian People's Party (MPP), the Democratic Party (DP or AH), the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) and the Civil Will-Green Party (CWGP). In the 2012 legislative elections, the MPRP and Mongolian National Democratic Party ran together as the Justice Coalition, winning 11 seats.

Latest elections

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2021 presidential election

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Polls opened at 07:00 in 2,087 polling stations across the country for the 2.1 million registered voters, with special measures in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia. Voting ended at 22:00. Khürelsükh and Erdene voted in Ulaanbaatar while Enkhbat tested positive for COVID-19 and voted in hospital.[3]

CandidatePartyVotes%
Ukhnaagiin KhürelsükhMongolian People's Party823,32672.02
Dangaasürengiin EnkhbatRight Person Electorate Coalition246,96821.60
Sodnomzunduin ErdeneDemocratic Party72,8326.37
Total1,143,126100.00
Valid votes1,143,12694.08
Invalid/blank votes71,9375.92
Total votes1,215,063100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,049,37959.29
Source: GEC, IFES

2024 legislative election

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Preliminary results showed the ruling Mongolia People's Party had won a narrow and reduced majority[4] in the Khural, which allowed Prime Minister Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene to publicly claim victory. The Democratic Party also gained 42 seats, an increase from the 2020 election.[5] The full official results were presented by the GEC on 1 July 2024.[6]

 
PartyConstituencyProportionalTotal
seats
+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Mongolian People's Party3,619,95038.6550509,48235.011868+6
Democratic Party3,135,98833.4826438,50630.131642+31
HUN Party636,6486.802151,11110.3868+7
National Coalition291,1663.11075,1965.1744New
Civil Will–Green Party269,5822.88073,0065.0244+4
New United Coalition255,8712.73069,6824.7900
Truth and Right Party208,7172.23040,7832.8000
Civil Movement Party153,6241.64020,4431.4000
Republican Party116,5611.24019,6351.3500
The Civic Unity Party86,0830.92013,7330.9400
People's Power Party106,6881.14010,6140.7300
Good Democratic Citizens United Party42,9610.4606,1040.4200
Motherland Party52,8030.5605,6210.3900
Liberte Party45,7300.4904,7380.3300
People's Majority Governance Party30,7600.3303,6190.2500
For the Mongolian People Party35,1830.3803,4610.2400
Mongolian Liberal Democratic Party2320.0002,8200.1900
United Patriots Party2130.0002,1680.1500
Mongolian Social Democratic Party7,7890.0801,5310.1100
Mongol Conservative Party21,1770.2301,4850.1000
Freedom Implementing Party26,2560.2801,4500.1000
Independents222,9572.3800–1
Total9,366,939100.00781,455,188100.0048126+50
Valid votes1,455,18899.68
Invalid/blank votes4,6420.32
Total votes1,459,830100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,089,9352,089,93569.85
Source: Ikon, Ikon, Parliament

Incumbents who lost re-election

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Members of Parliament who lost re-election[7][8]
MP Seat First elected Party New MP New party
Gombojavyn Zandanshatar Bayankhongor 2004[a] Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Amgalangiin Adiyaasüren Bayankhongor 2020 Democratic Party Not applicable
Dulamdorjiin Togtokhsüren Övörkhangai 2016 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Sodnomyn Chinzorig Övörkhangai 2016 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Gochoogiin Ganbold Övörkhangai 2020 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Tsedendambyn Tserenpuntsag Zavkhan 2020 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Baljinnyamyn Bayarsaikhan Zavkhan 2020 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Shirnenbanidiin Adishaa Khovd 2020 Democratic Party Not applicable
Chimediin Khürelbaatar Uvs 2008 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Damdinsürengiin Önörbolor Selenge 2020 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Purev-Ochiryn Anujin Songino Khairkhan 2020 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Nayantain Ganibal Sükhbaatar 2020 Democratic Party Not applicable
Tömörtogoogiin Enkhtüvshin Dornogovi 2020 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Batsükhiin Saranchimeg Bayanzürkh 2016 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Gompildoogiin Mönkhtsetseg Dundgovi
Govisümber
2016 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
Mönkhöögiin Oyuunchimeg Chingeltei 2016 Mongolian People's Party Not applicable
  1. ^ Zandanshatar lost his seat in 2012 but was re-elected through a election in 2016

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "The names of the 72 candidates received seats in the Parliament of Mongolia". InfoMongolia.com. July 6, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-07-08.
  2. ^ LAW ON THE ELECTION OF THE STATE GREAT HURAL OF MONGOLIA
    PROCEDURE FOR OBSERVATION AND REPORTING ON THE ELECTION OF THE STATE GREAT HURAL OF MONGOLIA
    (PDF). 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
  3. ^ "Mongolian presidential candidates cast votes in presidential election". Xinhua News Agency. 9 June 2021.
  4. ^ Adiya, Amar (2024-06-28). "Mongolia Election 2024: MPP Wins Third Term, But Majority Reduced". Mongolia Weekly. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  5. ^ "Mongolia's governing party wins only a slim majority in parliamentary election, early results show". Associated Press. 2024-06-29. Archived from the original on 2024-06-30. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
  6. ^ "МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН СОНГУУЛИЙН ЕРӨНХИЙ ХОРОО". МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН СОНГУУЛИЙН ЕРӨНХИЙ ХОРОО (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  7. ^ "2020 Election: Ruling Mongolian People's Party wins 62 of 76 parliament seats". MONTSAME News Agency. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  8. ^ ""Өвдөг шороодсон" гишүүн, сайд нар". ikon. 2024-06-29. Archived from the original on 2024-06-29. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
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