Wikipedia

Edward E. Boynton House

The Edward E. Boynton House (1908) was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in Rochester, New York. This privately owned prairie-style home was commissioned by widower Edward Everett Boynton and his teenage daughter Beulah Boynton. According to Beulah Boynton (recounted to Times Union reporter William Ringle in 1955) it cost her father between $45,000 - $50,000[1] for the house, the lot and the contents - a staggering sum in 1908 (adjusted for inflation, approx. $10 million in 2021). This two-story, approximately 5,500 square foot home, was originally situated on an acre lot in the city of Rochester. Seventeen pieces of original Frank Lloyd Wright furniture remain in the house.

Edward E. Boynton House
Edward E. Boynton House is located in New York
Edward E. Boynton House
General information
TypeHouse
Architectural stylePrairie School
Location16 East Boulevard, Rochester, New York
Coordinates43°08′48″N 77°34′09″W / 43.146575°N 77.569275°W / 43.146575; -77.569275
Construction started1908
ClientEdward E. Boynton
Governing bodyPrivate
Design and construction
Architect(s)Frank Lloyd Wright

History

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Home Ownership Timeline

1908 - 1919 Edward and Beulah Boynton

1919 - 1921 J. Oswald Dailey  (June 1, 1919 - April 18, 1921)

1921 - 1925 Title transferred to Florence C. Dailey who defaulted loan and the Rochester Trust and Safe Deposit Company took control during this period

1925 - 1942 Elizabeth J. Burns (October 19, 1925).

Listed for sale in 1940.  Bank took control by 1942.

1943 - 1968 Arlene E. Howard (October 7, 1943 - June 27, 1968)

1968 - 1974 Dr. David and Carolyn Tinling (June 27, 1968 - June 27, 1974)

1974 - 1977 Louis (Louie) and Joan Clark (June 27, 1974 - June 29, 1977)

1977 - 1994 J. Burton (Burt) and Karen Brown (June 29, 1977 - January 10, 1994)

1994 - 1996 Gordon (Gordie) Nye (January 10, 1994 - November 1, 1996)

1996 - 2009 Scott and Kathryn McDonald (November 1, 1996 - November 30, 2009)

2009 - Fran Cosentino and Jane Parker (November 30, 2009 - present)[2]


Edward Everett Boynton

Edward Everett Boynton was a successful lantern salesman and partner in the C. T. Ham Manufacturing Co. of Rochester. Despite his financial success, Boynton's personal life was marked by tragedy. Three of his four children died at a young age, including his daughter Beulah's twin sister Bessie. On April 13, 1900 (Friday the 13th) his wife passed away. Beulah told Times Union Reporter William Ringle, "My father had no hobbies but me."[1] When Boynton decided to move out of his home at 44 Vick Park B in Rochester, New York he commissioned Frank Lloyd Wright to design what would become Rochester's only Wright-designed home. Beulah Boynton recalled, "I wanted Claude Bragdon to build our house. My father was quite taken with Wright."[1] Edward Boynton learned of Frank Lloyd Wright through a business partner, Warren McArthur. Wright designed the Warren McArthur House in the Kenwood District of Chicago in 1892. In 1906, Boynton commissioned the architect to design a home on an expansive piece of property on East Boulevard. Construction started in 1907 and the house was completed in 1908. Beulah Boynton was a teenager when she met Frank Lloyd Wright. She became very interested and involved in the design and construction of house. "I learned to read specs. I spotted an error in the masons laying the fireplace."[1]

The original deed to the property was recorded on May 13, 1907 and the building permit (certificate of occupancy) was granted on May 15, 1908.  "The building permit, #10988, lists a two story frame and plaster dwelling, 5h'~ x 115', valuation, $10,000."[3] Boynton was listed as "builder-owner" on the building permit, Frank Lloyd Wright as architect, and the contractors were Gorsline and Swan." George T. Swan, son of the late George L. Swan, recalled his father saying, "The contractors expected trouble with Wright but discovered to their surprise and delight that reasonably amicable relations with him were possible so long as they adhered exactly to his specifications and instructions." He continued, "He made no great trial for contractors," said Swan, "but he gave the workmen fits." I was too young to have known Mr. Wright but I heard a great deal about him from my father.[4]

Originally the Edward E. Boynton house occupied an approximately one acre lot. In addition to the 5,450 square foot residence, the property was home to a 30-foot by 60-foot reflecting pool, a tennis court, magnificent gardens and 28 American Elm trees. The driveway stretched the length of a city block - from East Boulevard to Hawthorn Street.[5]


1908 - 1919 Boynton House

Beulah and Edward Boynton lived at 16 East Boulevard for ten years. During that period, the Boyntons (one of the early automobile owners in the area) erected a garage on the property. Edward Boynton employed a cook, two maids (one for upstairs, one for downstairs), and two gardeners (one doubled as the chauffeur) during their stay. After Beulah Boynton married Ransom Noble Kalbfleisch, he moved into the Boynton house joining his bride and her father. A daughter, Jean, was born in 1914. In 1919 Beulah and Jean moved to New York City with Kalbfleisch so he could work at the stock exchange. Edward Boynton joined them in New York and lived with them until his death on December 27, 1938.[6]

The house sat vacant for a year until June 1, 1919 until J. Oswald Dailey purchased it.


1919 - 1940 Turbulent times for the Boynton House

The 1920s were a tumultuous time for both the country and the Boynton house. According to family members, Dailey lost all of his money and his wife's money speculating in commodity futures. In a financial bind, Dailey subdivided the property into two building lots that he sold for $22,000. The tennis court, formal gardens, pool, and fountain were removed. Two additional homes were built on the original Boynton plot, “one on Hawthorn Street, at the back of the property, and the other on East Boulevard. (Beulah recalled during an interview with William Ringle in 1955, "There are now three other houses on what was the original lot. The porch was originally open, now it's glassed in."[7] On April 18, 1921, the title to Wright's Boynton house was transferred to Florence C. Dailey.  She failed make the loan payments and the bank took control. On October 19, 1925, Elizabeth J. Burns assumed the $18,000 mortgage held by the Rochester Trust and Safe Deposit Company.[8]


1932 Frank Lloyd Wright returns to Rochester

When he was 65 years old Frank Lloyd Wright returned to Rochester after an invitation to speak to a sold out crowd at the Memorial Art Gallery. On November 14, 1932, accompanied by Memorial Art Gallery Director Gertrude Moore, Mr. Wright drove by the Edward E. Boynton House and was enraged by the sight of the current diminished lot and external drainage pipes originating from the roof. Decades later Democrat & Chronicle reporter Katharine Seelye interviewed Gertrude Moore. Ms. Moore recounted, Wright literally “rose in his wrath before her eyes...and in his distress banged his head on the ceiling of the cab. The driver was ordered on.” “They’ve wrapped conductor pipes around my plane spaces!” he shrieked. “They have destroyed my house!" Still reeling from the sight of his house, Frank Lloyd Wright ranted throughout his evening lecture at the Memorial Art Gallery. “Mr. Wright came to the platform (at the gallery) under a cloud of pessimism,” the Democrat and Chronicle reported the next day. “He expressed himself as well convinced that no words of his could awaken the modern individual to the degradation of (contemporary) architecture (which was) ‘pseudo this and pseudo that and never expressive of himself or his surroundings.'"[9] Ms. Moore reimbursed the architect for his hotel bill and railroad fare but requested a downward adjustment to his speaking fee. Frank Lloyd Wright never returned to Rochester again.


1940 - 1968 The Boynton House's longest resident

In 1940, the house was listed for $16,500, but languished on the market.  By 1942, the bank assumed the mortgage once again.[8]

Arlene E. Howard purchased the house on October 7, 1943 for $8,000. She owned the house for almost 25 years. Ms. Howard painted several rooms and some of the original Wright-designed furniture, throughout the house. Toward the end of her tenure, Ms. Howard rarely visited the house and spent the majority of her time with her brother on her boat in Florida. When her housekeeper died, the house remained empty and neglected. The roof was repaired in 1967, but continued to cause problems.[10]


1968 - 1974 Boynton House

Dr. David Tinling, his wife Carolyn, and their four young children moved into the house on June 27, 1968. They purchased the Boynton House for $57,000.[11] Dr. Tinling thought the house looked perfect. His wife Carolyn remembered the house in need of serious repairs. Incredibly, the carpets were still original and seventeen pieces of the original Frank Lloyd Wright-designed furniture remained in the house. The Tinlings pursued landmark status for the house and created legal covenants for the home's structure. In 1969, the City of Rochester passes a preservation ordinance, designating the Frank Lloyd Wright's Boynton House an official Rochester landmark.[12] The original furniture was omitted from the protective covenants. In March 1973, University of Toronto professor H. Allen Brooks wrote to the Landmark Society of Western New York pointing out the importance of preserving the provenance of the furniture.[13] At the same time, the Tinlings' marriage was unraveling forcing the sale of the Boynton House.

Frank Lloyd Wright's Edward E. Boynton House was officially listed for sale, in 1973, for $82,500.


1974 - 1977 The public sees the Boynton House

The house was enshrouded in bushes when it goes on the market, greenery flanking either side of the house above the second story roof. Louis and Joan Clark offer the Tinlings $55,000 which is rejected. Their second offer for $68,000 is accepted.[14] The Clarks rip out and thin most of the trees and bushes surrounding the house, remove the old, dirty carpets, update the heating system, repair the plumbing, fix some electrical issues and start stripping the paint from the woodwork throughout the house. They also open up the house for fee-based tours. Over 2,000 people tour the Boynton House during the first two years the Clarks own the house.[15] Interested in obtaining museum status and continuing their tours, the Clarks reach out to the City of Rochester Zoning Board. The president of the neighborhood association, Dr. R. Paul Miller, writes an opinion piece for the Rochester Times Union opposing the idea. As a result of the neighborhood backlash, the constant repairs and several burglaries to the Boynton House, the Clarks decide they have had enough.[16] They alert Rochester Times Union columnist Peter Taub that they are considering putting the house on the market. On April 29, 1977 his column appears in the paper - Wright House Up for Sale.[17]


1977-1994 Protective covenants and complete roof replacement

The Edward E. Boynton House never officially hits the real estate market. After seeing Peter Taub's column, Burt and Karen Brown dealt directly with Louis and Joan Clark and end up acquiring the house in a stranger-than-fiction story recounted 40 years later in their daughter's memoir Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House. Several last minute negotiations over the house almost doom the deal between the Clarks and the Browns. The 1969 protective covenants set up by the Tinlings only pertain to the exterior structure of the house, not the 17 pieces of Wright-designed furniture. The Clarks want another $15,000-$25,000 for the furniture - on top of the $110,000 price tag for the house and the $25,000 agreed upon price for all the oriental rugs. The Browns appeal to the Landmark Society of Western New York (LSWNY) and eventually a deal is brokered where the LSWNY pays the Clarks for the furniture and then leases the Wright designed pieces back to the Browns for $1.00 a year for 75 years.[18] According to the deal, the furniture pieces cannot be moved to the basement or attic and no alterations (painting, reupholstering, stripping, etc.) can be made without prior approval.  Insurance, repairs, and restoration costs are the responsibility of the lessee.[18] With the real estate deal with the Clarks complete, the Browns work on a contract with the LSWNY making the protective covenants official, this time covering the original furniture.[18]

Burt and Karen Brown continue the Clarks' restorations projects - removing wallpaper and plush carpet in addition to stripping paint from the furniture, wood trim, radiator covers and Wright's built-ins. The tour schedule is curtailed - limited to architect students and professors, community and charitable organizations and their daughter's girl scout troop and her fourth grade classmates.[19] The Browns also turn their attention to replacing the roof which takes over two years to build from scratch (in hand soldered copper) and costs nearly $100,000 in 1977-1979.[20]

After 24 years working at Xerox Corporation, Burt Brown accepts a severance package and, with their two kids in college, Burt and Karen Brown move to Orlando, Florida. The house proves too costly to remain vacant on a part-time basis and is put on the market, in the spring of 1993, for $895,000.[21] The original furniture pieces are all professionally repaired by the Rochester conservator Ralph Weigandt and Mark Gervase, a Michigan based conservator from the Henry Ford Museum.[22] After languishing on the market for months, a new realtor is hired and the house is relisted, for $460,000, in the fall of 1993.[22]


1994-1996 Neglect and abandonment

Gordon Nye, an executive for sporting goods manufacturer Voit, purchases the house in January 1994 for $425,000.[23] Nye and his girlfriend move into the house and immediately struggle with living in Rochester (they are from California) and operating under some of the restrictive house rules. The Landmark Society of Western New York worries about their two large dogs and the safety of the original Wright-designed furniture. Nye is worried about his dogs escaping and sets about commissioning plans for a fence to enclose the property.[24] The plans are rejected by the Landmark Society and Preservation Board. Nye applies for a construction permit and builds an unsightly chain link fence around the property as a work around. Less than a year after purchasing the house, the homeowners move back to California and leave it vacant - not paying the utilities, the security system fees and the mortgage.[24] The dining room ceiling begins leaking and chunks of plaster begin falling from overhead. Defying the restrictive covenants ("pieces cannot be moved..."), the Landmark Society transfers all seventeen pieces to the Memorial Art Gallery where they reside from July 16, 1995 to January 12, 1996 and are put on public display.[25]

The bank begins proceedings to take over the house.


1996-2009 Rebirth and privacy

Dr. Scott and Kathryn (Katie) McDonald purchase the house 'as is' in November 1996, for $260,000![26] The couple begin repairing and restoring and landscaping the entire property. Scott's father, a skilled craftsman and woodworker, creates numerous pieces of craftsman style furniture for his son's new home. Scott is a scholar of Japanese art and a passionate student of Frank Lloyd Wright’s work. They work diligently to preserve the integrity and history of the home. The McDonalds understand their responsibility as stewards of this landmark property while honoring it as a family home and generously make it selectively available for charity events. They give birth to a son and give him the middle name Wright knowing that living in this home will have a lasting effect. [27]

Although they love the Boynton House, they decide to move back to their hometown, putting it once more on the market, in the fall of 2009, for $830,000.


2009 to the present: surviving the next hundred years

An ardent admirer of Frank Lloyd Wright and particularly of his Boynton House, Jane Parker manages to join a realtor's caravan - with a preview of new homes for sale - when she learns that this house is back in the market. After touring the house, she is ready to move in immediately. Her husband, Francis (Fran) Cosentino is skeptical whether the home is in move in condition. After purchasing it and a thorough inspection - the place has many problems - they embark on a massive project to restore and rehabilitate the 100 year old Boynton House. The roof is sagging; the exterior trim has rotted; termite and carpenter ant damage is evident throughout; in the basement essential support beams have been removed; undersized supports above the dining room are caving-in. Structurally the house is ready to collapse.[28] They begin work in April 2010, hiring Bero Architecture and the landscape architectural firm Bayer Landscape Architecture. Establish a trust to fund the anticipated two year project[28] and consult the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation for advice and for Wright's original architectural drawings.

Parker/Cosentino decide to restore the enclosed front porch to its original design.[29] Having been enclosed in the 1920s. They construct a new garage inspired by Wright's prairie style designs and incorporate a covered walkway on the property after noticing a pergola in several of Wright's original drawings of the site. Unable to reestablish the extent of the Boyntons original lot, since three other houses now sit on the space that had been sold off in the 1920s[30] - they decide to remove the driveway at the front of the house and, instead of a driveway that stretches from East Boulevard to Hawthorn Street, its entrance on East Boulevard is removed and replaced with only a walkway, in place of both. Thus allowing more grass and a more spacious appearance. A lovely reflecting pool with Koi pond and an Asian inspired garden now occupy the small backyard.

All of the art glass windows, doors, cabinets and light fixtures in the entire house are restored by the Wisconsin native Jeffrey Mueller, owner of Godfrey Müller Studios, a glass restoration company in Rochester.[31] The still extant Wright designed furniture and all the woodwork - some of which had been painted over by previous owners and unprofessional stripped - is now meticulously refinished, repaired, and restored by Eric Norden, owner of Eric Norden Restorations, in Rochester.[32] Several new furniture pieces are designed, in the spirit of a Wright contemporary and collaborator George Niedecken (1878-1945)- in the prairie style tradition. Darryl Gronsky, an interior designer in Rochester, with the contribution of the homeowner Jane Parker, referred to Niedecken’s designs archived in the collection of the Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee, Wis.[33] to help select materials and fabrics for the renovated house.

The building is now part of the East Avenue Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Legacy

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Jane Parker and Fran Cosentino also consent to produce a documentary, chronicling the repair, rehabilitation and restoration of the Boynton House. Local Public Broadcasting System (PBS) WXXI in Rochester, New York, embarks on a two and a half year filming project, culminating in the nearly one hour documentary titled Frank Lloyd Wright's Boynton House: The Next Hundred Years. The documentary crew are assisted by Kim Bixler, daughter of Burt and Karen Brown who owned the Boynton House from 1977-1994. Her knowledge of the house history includes archival documents, newspaper articles, family histories, meticulous research, historical photographs and interviews with every living homeowner. Her book Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House is published in conjunction with the completion of the Boynton House project, one of the sponsorship gifts for public television sponsors and donors. Kim Bixler travels the country giving lectures about what it is really like growing up in a house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

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Winter 1968
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    Dining Room, bay windows, Winter 1968
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    Dining Room, Winter 1968
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    Living Room, Winter 1968
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    First floor, Winter 1968
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    First floor, Winter 1968
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    View from Southwest, Winter 1968
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    View of rear entrance from Southeast, Winter 1968
Changes to the Boynton House
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    Boynton House Porch from side angle 1986
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    Boynton House Winter Exterior 1993
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    Front view, Summer 2007
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    Boynton House Side Exterior 2009 pre renovation
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    Boynton House Exterior Scaffolding 2011
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    View from Hawthorne Street, Summer 2011
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    Boynton House hallway under construction 2010
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    Detail of view from East Blvd., Summer 2011
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    View from East Blvd., Summer 2011
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    Boynton House 1973
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    Boynton House 1980s
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    Boynton House 1991
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    Boynton House Front Porch 2012
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    Boynton House ceiling 2012
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    Boynton House Dining Room 2012 Facing Windows
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    Boynton House Dining Room Facing Cabinets 2012
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    Boynton House Landmark Sign

    • See also

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    References

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    1. ^ a b c d Ringle, William (1955-01-19), Rundel Library; Rochester, NY (eds.), Original interview notes - Times Union reporter William Ringle interviewing Beulah Boynton, Local History & Genealogy Division, p. 2
    2. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House. U.S.: Clue Publications. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    3. ^ Historic American Buildings Survey, E.E. Boynton House. Prepared by Kevin Patrick Harrington, Society for the Preservation of Landmarks in Western New York, December 6, 1966.
    4. ^ Eaton, Leonard (1969). Two Chicago Architects and Their Clients: Frank Lloyd Wright and Howard Van Doren Shaw. MIT Press. p. 116. ISBN 9780262050074.
    5. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House. United States: Clue Publications. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
    6. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
    7. ^ Rochester Times Union, April 1955. Article by William Ringle.
    8. ^ a b Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    9. ^ Seelye, Katharine (October 31, 1976). "The House That Frank Built". Democrat & Chronicle's Upstate Magazine, p. 4.
    10. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. pp. 64, 67. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    11. ^ Interview with David Tinling, June 17, 2011 by Kim Bixler (Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House, p. 68).
    12. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 70. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    13. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 70. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    14. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    15. ^ Seelye, Katharine (October 31, 1976). "The House That Frank Built". Democrat & Chronicle's Upstate Magazine, p. 10.
    16. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. pp. 80–81. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    17. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 82. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    18. ^ a b c Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    19. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    20. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    21. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    22. ^ a b Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 148. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    23. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    24. ^ a b Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    25. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. pp. 153–154. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    26. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    27. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    28. ^ a b Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. pp. 160–161. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    29. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    30. ^ Bixler, Kim. (2012). Growing up in a Frank Lloyd Wright house. [United States]: Clue Publications. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5. OCLC 835633241.
    31. ^ Boynton House Restoration, The Frank Lloyd Wright News Blog, May 16, 2012, archived from the original on April 12, 2013, retrieved February 25, 2013
    32. ^ Frank Lloyd Wright's Boynton House: The Next Hundred Years, WXXI Public Broadcasting Council
    33. ^ Buchanan, Mel (October 30, 2010), From the Collection – George Mann Niedecken, Milwaukee, Wis.: Milwaukee Art Museum

    Further reading

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    • Bixler, Kim (2012). Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House, United States: Clue Publications. ISBN 978-0-9652426-1-5 OCLC 835633241
    • Pfeiffer, Bruce Brooks (1990). Frank Lloyd Wright Drawings: Masterworks from the Frank Lloyd Wright Archives. New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 9780810917736.
    • Sheridan, Jan Booth (2010). Frank Lloyd Wright in Buffalo and Western New York. Buffalo, N.Y.: Western New York Wares, Inc. ISBN 9781879201651.
    • Storrer, William Allin (2006). The Frank Lloyd Wright Companion. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press. p. 150. ISBN 0226776212.. S. 147
    • Wright, Frank Lloyd (1983). Drawings and plans of Frank Lloyd Wright: the early period (1893-1909) (English language reprint of Ausgeführte Bauten and Entwürfe von Frank Lloyd Wright, Ernst Wasmuth, Berlin, 1910 ed.). New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 9780486244570.
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