Wikipedia

Eden Project

(Redirected from Eden Project, Cornwall)
"The Eden Project" redirects here. For the musician, see Eden (Irish musician).

The Eden Project (Cornish: Edenva) is a visitor attraction in Cornwall, England. The project is located in a reclaimed china clay pit.[2]

Eden Project
Map
General information
TypeMultiple greenhouse complex
Architectural styleInspired by James T. Baldwin's Pillow Dome[1]
LocationCornwall, England
Coordinates50°21′43″N 4°44′41″W / 50.36194°N 4.74472°W / 50.36194; -4.74472
CompletedMay 2000; 24 years ago (2000-05)
Opened17 March 2001; 23 years ago (2001-03-17)
Technical details
Structural systemSteel frame and thermoplastic
Design and construction
Architect(s)Grimshaw Architects
Structural engineerAnthony Hunt and Associates
Services engineerArup

The complex is dominated by two huge enclosures consisting of adjoining domes that house thousands of plant species,[3] and each enclosure emulates a natural biome. The biomes consist of hundreds of hexagonal and pentagonal ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) inflated cells supported by geodesic tubular steel domes. The larger of the two biomes simulates a rainforest environment (and is the largest indoor rainforest in the world)[4] and the second, a Mediterranean environment.

The attraction also has an outside botanical garden which is home to many plants and wildlife native to Cornwall and the UK in general; it also has many plants that provide an important and interesting backstory, for example, those with a prehistoric heritage.

There are plans to build an Eden Project North in the seaside town of Morecambe, Lancashire, with a focus on the marine environment.

History

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Driftwood sculpture of a horse by Heather Jansch,[5] from the main entrance
 
Eden Project sculpture Made from the detritus of modern living—the teeth are computer mice
 
Eve, by Sue and Pete Hill, shaped from the soil

The clay pit in which the project is sited was in use for over 160 years.[6] In 1981, the pit was used by the BBC as the planet surface of Magrathea in the TV series the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.[7] By the mid-1990s the pit was all but exhausted.[8]

The initial idea for the project dates back to 1996, with construction beginning in 1998. The work was hampered by torrential rain in the first few months of the project, and parts of the pit flooded as it sits 15 m (49 ft) below the water table.[8]

The first part of the Eden Project, the visitor centre, opened to the public in May 2000. The first plants began arriving in September of that year,[8] and the full site opened on 17 March 2001.

To counter criticism from environmental groups, the Eden Project committed to investigate a rail link to the site.[9] The rail link was never built, and car parking on the site is still funded from revenue generated from general admission ticket sales.

The Eden Project was used as a filming location for the 2002 James Bond film Die Another Day. On 2 July 2005 The Eden Project hosted the "Africa Calling" concert of the Live 8 concert series. It has also provided some plants for the British Museum's Africa garden.

In 2005, the Project launched "A Time of Gifts" for the winter months, November to February. This features an ice rink covering the lake, with a small café-bar attached, as well as a Christmas market. Cornish choirs regularly perform in the biomes.

In 2007, the Eden Project campaigned unsuccessfully for £50 million in Big Lottery Fund money for a proposed desert biome.[10][11] It received just 12.07% of the votes, the lowest for the four projects being considered.[12] As part of the campaign, the Eden Project invited people all over Cornwall to try to break the world record for the biggest ever pub quiz as part of its campaign to bring £50 million of lottery funds to Cornwall.[13]

In December 2009, much of the project, including both greenhouses, became available to navigate through Google Street View.

The Eden Trust revealed a trading loss of £1.3 million for 2012–13, on a turnover of £25.4 million. The Eden Project had posted a surplus of £136,000 for the previous year. In 2014 Eden accounts showed a surplus of £2 million.[14]

The World Pasty Championships, an international competition to find the best Cornish pasties and other pasty-type savoury snacks, have been held at the Eden Project since 2012.[15]

The Eden Project is said to have contributed over £1 billion to the Cornish economy.[16] In 2016, Eden became home to Europe's second-largest redwood forest (after the Giants Grove at Birr Castle, Birr Castle, Ireland) when forty saplings of coast redwoods, Sequoia sempervirens, which could live for 4,000 years and reach 115 metres in height, were planted there.[17]

The Eden Project received 1,010,095 visitors in 2019.[18]

In December 2020 the project was closed after heavy rain caused several landslips at the site. Managers at the site are assessing the damage and will announce when the project will reopen on the company's website.[19] Reopening became irrelevant as Covid lockdown measures in the UK indefinitely closed the venue from early 2021, though it had reopened by May 2021 after remedial works had taken place. The site was used for an event during the 2021 G7 Summit, hosted by the United Kingdom.[20]

Design and construction

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The project was conceived by Tim Smit and Jonathan Ball, and designed by Grimshaw Architects and structural engineering firm Anthony Hunt Associates (now part of Sinclair Knight Merz). Davis Langdon carried out the project management, Sir Robert McAlpine and Alfred McAlpine[21] did the construction, MERO jointly designed and built the biome steel structures, the ETFE pillows that build the façade were realized by Vector Foiltec, and Arup was the services engineer, economic consultant, environmental engineer and transportation engineer. Land Use Consultants led the masterplan and landscape design. The project took 2½ years to construct and opened to the public on 17 March 2001.

Site

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Panoramic view of the geodesic biome domes at the Eden Project

Layout

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The Bee

Once into the attraction, there is a meandering path with views of the two biomes, planted landscapes, including vegetable gardens, and sculptures that include a giant bee and previously The WEEE Man (removed in 2016), a towering figure made from old electrical appliances and was meant to represent the average electrical waste used by one person in a lifetime.

Biomes

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At the bottom of the pit are two covered biomes:

The Rainforest Biome, covers 1.56 ha (3.9 acres) and measures 55 m (180 ft) high, 100 m (328 ft) wide, and 200 m (656 ft) long. It is used for tropical plants, such as fruiting banana plants, coffee, rubber, and giant bamboo, and is kept at a tropical temperature and moisture level.

 
The Rainforest Biome

The Mediterranean Biome covers 0.654 ha (1.6 acres) and measures 35 m (115 ft) high, 65 m (213 ft) wide, and 135 m (443 ft) long. It houses familiar warm temperate and arid plants such as olives and grape vines and various sculptures.

The Outdoor Gardens represent the temperate regions of the world with plants such as tea, lavender, hops, hemp, and sunflowers, as well as local plant species.

The covered biomes are constructed from a tubular steel (hex-tri-hex) with mostly hexagonal external cladding panels made from the thermoplastic ETFE. Glass was avoided due to its weight and potential dangers. The cladding panels themselves are created from several layers of thin UV-transparent ETFE film, which are sealed around their perimeter and inflated to create a large cushion. The resulting cushion acts as a thermal blanket to the structure. The ETFE material is resistant to most stains, which simply wash off in the rain. If required, cleaning can be performed by abseilers. Although the ETFE is susceptible to punctures, these can be easily fixed with ETFE tape. The structure is completely self-supporting, with no internal supports, and takes the form of a geodesic structure. The panels vary in size up to 9 m (29.5 ft) across, with the largest at the top of the structure.

The ETFE technology was supplied and installed by the firm Vector Foiltec, which is also responsible for ongoing maintenance of the cladding. The steel spaceframe and cladding package (with Vector Foiltec as ETFE subcontractor) was designed, supplied and installed by MERO (UK) PLC, who also jointly developed the overall scheme geometry with the architect, Nicholas Grimshaw & Partners.

The entire build project was managed by McAlpine Joint Venture.

  •  
    The Biomes and Link building showing Field of Light installation by Bruce Munro
  •  
    Inside the Rainforest Biome
  •  
    The Biomes (or eco domes) at The Eden Project in Cornwall
  •  
    The hexagonal structure looking from the inside
  •  
    Aerial View

The Core

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The Core

The Core is the latest addition to the site and opened in September 2005. It provides the Eden Project with an education facility, incorporating classrooms and exhibition spaces designed to help communicate Eden's central message about the relationship between people and plants. Accordingly, the building has taken its inspiration from plants, most noticeable in the form of the soaring timber roof, which gives the building its distinctive shape.

Grimshaw developed the geometry of the copper-clad roof in collaboration with a sculptor, Peter Randall-Page, and Mike Purvis of structural engineers SKM Anthony Hunts. It is derived from phyllotaxis, which is the mathematical basis for nearly all plant growth; the "opposing spirals" found in many plants such as the seeds in a sunflower's head, pine cones, and pineapples. The copper was obtained from traceable sources, and the Eden Project is working with Rio Tinto to explore the possibility of encouraging further traceable supply routes for metals, which would enable users to avoid metals mined unethically. The services and acoustic, mechanical, and electrical engineering design was carried out by Buro Happold.

Art at The Core

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Seed by Peter Randall-Page

The Core is also home to art exhibitions throughout the year. A permanent installation entitled Seed, by Peter Randall-Page, occupies the anteroom. Seed is a large, 70 tonne egg-shaped installation, made of granite from De Lank Quarry on Bodmin Moor, standing some 13 feet (4.0 m) tall and displaying a complex pattern of protrusions that are based upon the geometric and mathematical principles that underlie plant growth.[22][23]

Environmental aspects

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The biomes provide diverse growing conditions, and many plants are on display.

The Eden Project includes environmental education focusing on the interdependence of plants and people; plants are labelled with their medicinal uses. The massive amounts of water required to create the humid conditions of the Tropical Biome, and to serve the toilet facilities, are all sanitised rain water that would otherwise collect at the bottom of the quarry. The only mains water used is for hand washing and for cooking. The complex also uses Green Tariff Electricity – the energy comes from one of the many wind turbines in Cornwall, which were among the first in Europe.

In December 2010 the Eden Project received permission to build a geothermal electricity plant which will generate approx 4MWe, enough to supply Eden and about 5000 households.[24] The project will involve geothermal heating as well as geothermal electricity. Cornwall Council and the European Union came up with the greater part of £16.8m required to start the project. First a well will be sunk nearly 3 miles (4.5 km) into the granite crust underneath Eden.

Eden co-founder, Sir Tim Smit said, "Since we began, Eden has had a dream that the world should be powered by renewable energy. The sun can provide massive solar power and the wind has been harnessed by humankind for thousands of years, but because both are intermittent and battery technology cannot yet store all we need there is a gap. We believe the answer lies beneath our feet in the heat underground that can be accessed by drilling technology that pumps water towards the centre of the Earth and brings it back up superheated to provide us with heat and electricity".[25]

Drilling began in May 2021, and it was expected the project would be completed by 2023.[26]

Other projects

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Eden Project Morecambe

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In 2018, the Eden Project revealed its design for a new version of the project, located on the seafront in Morecambe, Lancashire. There will be biomes shaped like mussels and a focus on the marine environment. There will also be reimagined lidos, gardens, performance spaces, immersive experiences, and observatories.[27][28]

Grimshaw are the architects for the project, which is expected to cost £80 million.[29] The project is a partnership with the Lancashire Enterprise Partnership, Lancaster University, Lancashire County Council, and Lancaster City Council.[27][28] In December 2018, the four local partners agreed to provide £1 million to develop the idea, which allowed the development of an outline planning application for the project.[30] It is expected that there will be 500 jobs created and 8,000 visitors a day to the site.[30]

Having been granted planning permission in January 2022 and with £50 million of levelling-up funding granted in January 2023, it is due to open in 2026 and predicted to benefit the North West economy by £200 million per year.[31][32][33] In July 2024, Lancaster City Council received the first £2.5m of a promised £50m in UK government funding for the scheme. The grant would be used to appoint a main contractor to develop the designs for Eden Project Morecambe.[34]

Eden Project Dundee

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In May 2020, the Eden Project revealed plans to establish their first attraction in Scotland, and named Dundee as the proposed site of the location.[35] The city's Camperdown Park was widely touted to be the proposed location of the new attraction however in May 2021, it was announced that the Eden Project had chosen the site of the former gasworks in Dundee as the location. It was planned that the new development would result in 200 new jobs and "contribute £27m a year to the regional economy".[36] The project is in partnership with Dundee City Council, the University of Dundee and the Northwood Charitable Trust.[37]

In 2021, Eden Project announced that they would establish fourteen hectares of new wildflower habitat in areas across Dundee, including Morgan Academy and Caird Park.[38]

In July 2023, new images were released depicting what the Dundee attraction would look which accompanied the planning permission documents for the new attraction which would be submitted by autumn 2023.[39]

Planning permission for the project was approved by Dundee City Council in June 2024.[40]

South Downs

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In 2020, Eastbourne Borough Council and the Eden Project announced a joint project to explore the viability of a new Eden site in the South Downs National Park.[41]

Qingdao, China

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In 2015, the Eden Project announced that it had reached an agreement to construct an Eden site in Qingdao, China.[42] While the site had originally been slated to open by 2020, construction fell behind schedule due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the opening date was delayed to 2023. The new site is expected to focus on "water" and its central role in civilization and nature.[43]

Eden Project New Zealand

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A planned Eden Project for the New Zealand city of Christchurch, to be called Eden Project New Zealand/Eden Project Aotearoa, is expected to be inaugurated in 2025. It is to be centred close to the Avon River, on a site largely razed as a result of the 2011 Christchurch Earthquake.[44]

Eden Sessions

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Since 2002, the Project has hosted a series of musical performances, called the Eden Sessions, usually held during the summer. The 2020 sessions were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and were rescheduled as the 2022 sessions lineup.

The 2024 sessions were headlined by Fatboy Slim, Suede, Manic Street Preachers, The National, JLS, Crowded House, Rick Astley, Tom Grennan and Paolo Nutini.[45]

Lineup history

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Date Headliner[46] Supporting Act(s)
2002
5 July Pulp Chilly Gonzales and British Sea Power
6 July Spiritualized Beth Orton and Six by Seven
12 July Doves The Soundtrack of Our Lives and The Rapture
2003
1 August Badly Drawn Boy The Thrills
5 August Moby The Orb
15 August PJ Harvey Elbow
22 August World of Music, Arts and Dance
2004
16 July Brian Wilson
6 August Primal Scream
13 August Air Super Furry Animals
20 August Supergrass The Beta Band
27 August World of Music, Arts and Dance
2005
2 July Live 8: Africa Calling
1 August Keane Editors
19 August Embrace Hard-Fi
26 August Basement Jaxx Lady Sovereign
27 August Ian Brown Badly Drawn Boy and British Sea Power
2006
12 August The Magic Numbers José González
22 August Muse Hey Molly and Nixon and the Burn
25 August Goldfrapp Ladytron
27 August Snow Patrol Rocco DeLuca and Liam Frost
2007
20 June Peter Gabriel
2 July James Morrison
10 July Rufus Wainwright Hot Chip
17 July Amy Winehouse Leon Jean-Marie
18 July Lily Allen Mark Ronson
22 July Pet Shop Boys Dirty Pretty Things
2008
27 June The Verve
29 June The Raconteurs Vampire Weekend
11 July Bill Bailey
15 July Kaiser Chiefs White Lies and Late of the Pier
25 July KT Tunstall Guillemots and Sons and Daughters
2009
4 July Kasabian
9 July Razorlight The Maccabees
10 July Paul Weller Florence and the Machine
14 July Oasis
18 July The Kooks Ladyhawke
2010
26 June Jack Johnson Mojave 3
27 June Mika Diana Vickers
2 July Doves Mumford & Sons
3 July Calvin Harris Audio Bullys
9 July Al Murray Greg Davies and Craig Campbell
13–14 July Paolo Nutini Martha Wainwright
2011
23 June Primal Scream The Horrors and Seth Lakeman
25 June Pendulum Pretty Lights
30 June The Flaming Lips The Go! Team and OK Go
1 July Fleet Foxes Villagers and The Bees
12 July Brandon Flowers Mystery Jets and Crowns
2012
23 June Tim Minchin Craig Campbell
30 June Example Rudimental
1 July Frank Turner Stornoway, Bellowhead, Mull Historical Society, Seth Lakeman, The Staves, and Dodgy
4 July Chase & Status Labrinth
6 July Plan B Bebe Black
8 July Blink-182 Crowns, The Computers, Bangers, and Black Tambourines
11 July Noah and the Whale The Vaccines
2013
3 June Eddie Izzard
29 June Kaiser Chiefs Tom Tom Club and Deap Vally
30 June Sigur Rós Daughter and Willy Mason
2 July The xx CHIC (featuring Nile Rodgers)
13–14 July Jessie J A*M*E
2014
21 June Dizzee Rascal Katy B and Backbeat Soundsystem
25 June Skrillex
8 July Ellie Goulding Kwabs
9 July Pixies Tricot
14–15 July Elbow Jimi Goodwin
2015
12 June Paolo Nutini The Staves and Harry Collier
16–17 June Elton John
24 June Paloma Faith Liam Bailey
27 June Motörhead The Stranglers and King Creature
9 July Spandau Ballet Rusty Egan
17 July Ben Howard Joe Pug
2016
14–15 June Lionel Richie Corinne Bailey Rae
22 June Jess Glynne Jay Prince
26 June Tom Jones
27 June PJ Harvey Jehnny Beth
9 July Manic Street Preachers Bill Ryder-Jones and The Anchoress
2017
15 June Bastille Rationale
16 June Madness Backbeat Soundsystem
22 June Royal Blood Turbowolf
23 June Blondie Dodgy
1 July Van Morrison Paul O'Brady
6 July Bryan Adams
11 July Foals Everything Everything
2018
6 June Gary Barlow Jason Brock
15–16 June Massive Attack Young Fathers
23 June Levellers New Model Army and Reef
30 June Ben Howard Gwenno
3 July Queens of the Stone Age CRX
5 July Jack Johnson Nick Mulvey
7 July Björk Lanark Artefax and Klein
2019
20 June Stereophonics Sea Girls and The Wind and The Wave
21 & 23 June Nile Rodgers & CHIC Kokoroko, Doves, Dreadzone, Asian Dub Foundation, Bill Jefferson, and Backbeat Soundsystem
26 June Liam Gallagher Fontaines D.C. and The Velvet Hands
28 June The Chemical Brothers James Holroyd
2–3 July Kylie Minogue Nina Nesbitt
2021
11 September Ben Howard Femmes De La Mer
12 September McFly Ultra Violets
14 September Royal Blood The Mysterines
16 September Snow Patrol Lucy Blue
17 September The Script Ward Thomas
18 September Idles Spectres and Black Honey
2022
16–17 May My Chemical Romance Frank Turner and LostAlone
15 June Noel Gallagher’s High Flying Birds Confidence Man
17–18 June Nine Inch Nails Nitzer Ebb and Yves Tumor
21 June Diana Ross DJ Offline
29 June Bryan Adams
5 July Stereophonics Himalayas
2023
7 June Lionel Richie Gabrielle
10 June Yungblud Crawlers
18 June The War on Drugs Beth Orton
23 June Jack Johnson Hollie Cook
24 June Incubus Lealani and Far From Saints
28 June Pet Shop Boys Mike Pickering
1 July Kasabian Miles Kane
7 July Anne-Marie Rachel Chinouriri
25 July The Who Simon Townshend
2024
12 June Crowded House Liam Finn
14 June Fatboy Slim Charlie Boon
19 June Paolo Nutini Prima Queen
29 June Manic Street Preachers
Suede
2 July The National This Is The Kit
3 July Rick Astley The Lightning Seeds
5 July Tom Grennan Liv Dawson
13 July JLS Tinchy Stryder

In the media

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The Eden Project has appeared in various television shows and films such as the James Bond film Die Another Day, The Bad Education Movie, in the Netflix series The Last Bus, in the CBeebies show Andy's Aquatic Adventure and in Armenia’s postcard in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023.

A weekly radio show called The Eden Radio Project is held every Thursday afternoon on Radio St Austell Bay.

On 18 November 2019, on the Trees A Crowd podcast, David Oakes would interview the Eden Project's Head of Interpretation, Dr Jo Elworthy, about the site.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Baldwin, James T. "The Pillow Dome" (PDF). The Buckminster Fuller Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 June 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  2. ^ Ordnance Survey (2005). OS Explorer Map 107 – Fowey, Looe & Lostwithiel. ISBN 0-319-23708-7.
  3. ^ "Rainforest Biome". Eden project. Archived from the original on 24 October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
  4. ^ Morris, Steven (8 May 2020). "Lizards, vines, papayas: working solo in the Eden Project during lockdown". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  5. ^ Jansch, Heather. "Heather Jansch Sculptor Bronze & Driftwood Horse". Heather Jansch.
  6. ^ "Our Story". Eden Project. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012.
  7. ^ Turner, Jenny (3 October 2009). "Does the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy still answer the ultimate question?". The Guardian. London.
  8. ^ a b c "Eden story, educational charity – Eden Project, Cornwall". Eden Project.
  9. ^ "Car fumes blight Eden's green vision". The Guardian. 2 June 2002. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  10. ^ "Eden edges closer to winning Lottery millions: Big Lottery Fund". Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  11. ^ "Routes scheme tops lottery vote". BBC News. 12 December 2007. Retrieved 3 February 2008.
  12. ^ "The People's 50 Million – Sustrans' Connect2 wins £50 million prize". The Big Lottery Fund. Archived from the original on 19 January 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2008.
  13. ^ "About". Eden Project. Archived from the original on 26 December 2007.
  14. ^ "St Austell's Eden Project". Cornish Guardian. 15 June 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015.
  15. ^ "World Pasty Championships winners chosen", BBC News, 4 March 2012, retrieved 13 August 2016
  16. ^ "Tim Smit KBE, Sir – Personally Speaking Bureau". Archived from the original on 27 November 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  17. ^ "Redwood conservation project". Eden Project. March 2016. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  18. ^ "ALVA - Association of Leading Visitor Attractions". www.alva.org.uk. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  19. ^ "Cornwall Eden Project closes after heavy rain causes floods". BBC News. 20 December 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
  20. ^ "G7 world leaders meet the Queen". The Telegraph. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  21. ^ "Our history". Eden project. Archived from the original on 11 June 2010. Retrieved 27 September 2010.
  22. ^ "Granite seed is 'planted' at Eden". BBC News. 11 June 2007. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
  23. ^ "Seed sculpture by Peter Randall-Page". Eden Project. Retrieved 25 February 2018. Made out of a single piece of granite, its surface has been carved with 1,800 nodes in the pattern of a Fibonacci spiral – the growth pattern found across the natural world in things like sunflowers, pine cones and ammonites
  24. ^ "BBC News – Eden Project geothermal plant plans to go ahead". BBC News. 18 December 2010. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
  25. ^ Eden Project to begin drilling for clean geothermal energy The Guardian
  26. ^ "Eden Geothermal Energy Project". The Eden Project. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  27. ^ a b "New vision for Morecambe's Eden Project revealed". Edenproject.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  28. ^ a b "Morecambe Eden Project will be shaped like a giant mussel". The Independent. 24 November 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  29. ^ Wilkinson, Damon (23 November 2018). "Plans for £80m Eden Project North are unveiled". Manchestereveingnews.comm. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  30. ^ a b "Place North West - Eden Project North secures council cash". Placenorthwest.co.uk. 19 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  31. ^ "Eden Project North granted planning permission". edenproject.com. 31 January 2022. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
  32. ^ "Eden Project Morecambe gets £50m Levelling Up investment". bbc.co.uk. 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
  33. ^ "Eden Project Morecambe, UK | Eden Project". www.edenproject.com. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  34. ^ Whelan, Dan (24 July 2024). "First govt cash lands for £100m Eden Project Morecambe". Place North West. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
  35. ^ "Eden Project to explore Dundee as new tourist attraction venue". BBC News. 27 May 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  36. ^ "Eden Project reveals site of new Dundee tourist attraction". BBC News. 21 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  37. ^ "Eden Project Dundee, UK". Eden Project. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  38. ^ "Eden Project to establish 14 hectares of new wildflower habitat across Dundee". Eden Project. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  39. ^ Saunders, Tom (13 July 2023). "Eden Project will transform Dundee's East Docks into £27m a year attraction". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  40. ^ Ogston, Graeme (17 June 2024). "£130m Dundee Eden Project approved by councillors". BBC. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  41. ^ "World-famous Eden Project working on new venture in Eastbourne". www.eastbourneherald.co.uk. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  42. ^ "China visit seals deal on 'China Eden' project". BBC News. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  43. ^ "Eden Project in China three years behind schedule". BBC News. 16 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  44. ^ "Eden Project New Zealand," Eden Project. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  45. ^ "Indie rock legends The National announced for 2024 Eden Sessions". Eden Project. 10 November 2023.
  46. ^ "Previous line-ups". Eden Sessions. Retrieved 15 September 2021.

Further reading

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  • Philip McMillan Browse, Louise Frost, Alistair Griffiths: Plants of Eden (Eden Project). Penzance 2001: Alison Hodge.
  • Richard Mabey: Fencing Paradise: Exploring the Gardens of Eden London 2005: Eden Project Books. ISBN 1-903919-31-2
  • Hugh Pearman, Andrew Whalley: The Architecture of Eden. With a foreword by Sir Nicholas Grimshaw. London 2003: Eden Project Books. ISBN 1-903919-15-0
  • Eden Team (Ed.): Eden Project: The Guide 2008/9. London 2008: Eden Project Books.
  • Tim Smit: Eden. London 2001: Bantam Press.
  • Paul Spooner: The Revenge of the Green Planet: The Eden Project Book of Amazing Facts About Plants. London 2003: Eden Project Books.
  • Alan Titchmarsh: The Eden Project. United Kingdom: Acorn Media, 2006. OCLC 225403941.
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