Eastern Tamang is a Tibeto-Burman language of the Sino-Tibetan language family. It is spoken in mainly in Bagmati and Koshi provinces of Nepal as well as the states of Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal (Darjeeling), and Sikkim in India by the Tamang people.[1]
| Eastern Tamang | |
|---|---|
| तामाङ, རྟ་དམག (tāmāng) | |
| Native to | Nepal, India |
| Ethnicity | Tamang |
Native speakers | 1.2 million (2001 census)[2] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Tamyig script, Devanagari, Tibetan | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | taj |
| Glottolog | east2347 |
The Eastern Tamang language is a SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) structured language with postpositions, genitives following nouns, and noun heads appearing at the end of phrases. It lacks noun classes or genders, features content question words in situ, and employs a system of one prefix and up to three suffixes. Clause constituents are marked by case, and it follows an ergative alignment. It includes aspects of tense with no passives or voice, has 34 consonant and 16 vowel phonemes, and exhibits CV, CVC, CCV, V, and CCVC syllable structures. The language is tonal, with 5 basic vowels, 5 long vowels, 6 diphthongs, and phonemic distinctions in aspiration and length.[1][3][4]
In addition to Eastern Tamang, speakers also speak Bhojpuri, Central Tibetan (in religious contexts) mainly by Vajrayana Buddhists, and the Maithili language. Speakers of Eastern Tamang also speak Nepali, especially among those who have received education or attended schools where Nepali is the medium of instruction or traveled to other parts of Nepal. Eastern Tamang is also spoken by Tamang Hindus, Christians, as well as followers of traditional beliefs.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Eastern Tamang". Ethnologue. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
- ^ Eastern Tamang at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
- ^ Lee, Sung-Woo. 2011. Eastern Tamang Grammar Sketch. (MA thesis, Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics; xvii+176pp.)
- ^ Poudel, Kedar Prasad. 2006. Dhankute Tamang grammar. (Languages of the World/Materials, 454.) München: Lincom. 181pp.
