Dudhope Castle is an extended late medieval tower house located on the southern face of Dundee Law in Dundee, Scotland.
History
editConstruction and private ownership
editThe castle was originally built in the late 13th century by the Scrymgeour family, with the original castle being a smaller tower house.[1] This was replaced around 1460.
James V visited in April 1540.[2] The castle was further extended in 1580[3] for James Scrimgeour and Magdalen Livingstone to its current L-plan structure with additional circular "angle" towers, although these were demolished in the 18th century. James VI and I stayed at Dudhope on 20 May 1617.[4]
On the death in 1668 of John Scrimgeour, 13th [5] (or 14th)[6] Constable, and first Earl of Dundee, King Charles II ignored the existence of the rightful heir, John Scrimgeour of Kirkton, and made a grant of Dudhope Castle and the office of Constable to Charles Maitland, a younger brother of the 1st Duke of Lauderdale.
Later, when in financial difficulty, Maitland sold Dudhope Castle in 1684 to John Graham of Claverhouse, better known to most as "Bonnie Dundee".[7] It was from Dudhope Castle that he departed for Killiecrankie in 1689; the victory which resulted in his death. In 1694, the King therefore made a grant of Dudhope Castle to Archibald Douglas. The Douglas family were thus the last family of occupants of the castle as this continued until about 1790.[5] The history of Dudhope and the Constables are therefore inextricably interwoven with the history of Dundee. In fact, the two are inseparable. The office of Constable and occupancy of Dudhope Castle was held by four different families, as above, of which the Scrymgeours held the post for some 370 years.[5][6][8]
Other uses of the castle
editIn 1792 the castle was rented in an attempt to use it as a woollen factory, although the plan never came to fruition. In 1795 the park and the grounds were leased to the Board of Ordnance, who used Dudhope as a barracks for 95 years, from 1796 to 1879. Additional buildings were constructed, including a hospital, officers quarters, stables and guard-rooms. The castle building itself was used as accommodation for 400 soldiers. The Board of Ordnance finally abandoned the castle in 1881.[9]
In 1854 the town council of Dundee acquired a sub-lease on the castle grounds, for use as recreational facilities. The lease ran for 351⁄2 years for an annual rent of £25 until 1 November 1890. At this time the Earl of Home had intended to develop the grounds into terraced housing.
Instead the council acquired the grounds for £31,700, raising £20,000 itself and the remaining being raised from generous citizens by Lord Provost Mathewson. The grounds were opened as a park on 28 September 1895 by Sir James Low.[9]
The building was later occupied by the Ministry of Works and was used as a military barracks during both the 1914–18 war and the 1939–45 war. A time gun was formerly located in the grounds of the castle and fired daily at 1pm. It ceased to be used in 1916 so as not do disturb patients at the nearby Dundee Royal Infirmary who were suffering from shell-shock.[10]
Redevelopment
editThe castle passed to the corporation of Dundee who made an attempt to demolish the castle in 1958. In the years 1985 to 1988 the castle was redeveloped and is now in use as offices, a conference centre as well as housing the University of Abertay Dundee's Dundee Business School.[1] During restoration, one of the main rooms was designated as the Scrimgeour room. It is furnished with wall hangings pertinent to the Scrimgeours and the drapes on the windows are made from material in the Scrimgeour tartan as arranged by the Scrimgeour Clan Association that was officially organized on 5 June 1971. In March 1998 a special dinner was held by the Clan Association in memory of the 700th anniversary of a charter to the Scrimgeours signed by William Wallace on 29 March 1298 and later reaffirmed in another charter signed by Robert the Bruce on 5 December of that same year.
References
edit- ^ a b CITY of DUNDEE, SCOTLAND, A Chronicle of The City's Office Bearers, Chambers, Regalia, Castles & Twin Cities (PDF). Dundee: Dundee city council. 2004. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2006. Retrieved 7 September 2006.
- ^ Athol Murray, 'Pursemaster's Accounts', Miscellany of the Scottish History Society X (Edinburgh, 1965), pp. 46.
- ^ "Historic Dundee castle - one of the city's oldest buildings - to be sold off by city council". The Courier. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
- ^ HMC 14th Report, Lord Kenyon (London, 1894), p. 20
- ^ a b c The Story of Dudhope Castle. Published by the Dudhope Castle Fund Committee 1959
- ^ a b Historic Dundee by Colin Gibson. Published in aid of the Dudhope Castle Restoration Fund c. 1959
- ^ "Dudhope Castle". Gordon's Scottish Castles Resource Page. Archived from the original on 5 February 2006. Retrieved 7 September 2006.
- ^ "The Scrimgeours and their Chiefs, Scotland's Royal Banner Bearers". R. W. Munro and Jean Munro. Published by The Scrimgeour Clan Association 1980. ISBN 0-9507135-0-3
- ^ a b Evans, Kerrin (1999). "Dudhope Castle". PHOTOPOLIS. Dundee City Council. Archived from the original on 15 April 2005. Retrieved 7 September 2006.
- ^ So You Think You Know Dundee?. Salisbury: Francis Frith Collection for Ottakar's. 2005. p. 27. ISBN 1-84567-799-4.