Dorothea De Winton (1891–1982) was a plant scientist and one of the first female geneticists. She worked at the John Innes Horticultural Institution (now the John Innes Centre) for over 20 years.
Dorothea De Winton | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1891 |
| Died | 1982 (aged 90–91) |
| Nationality | British |
| Known for | Linkage studies in Primula |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Plant genetics |
| Institutions | John Innes Horticultural Institute |
Life
editDe Winton worked as a professional gardener from 1916 until 1919, before approaching William Bateson with an interest in studying plants in a more scientific manner.[1] She thus became one of the 'Bateson Ladies' at the John Innes Horticultural Institution in 1920, joining Caroline Pellew, Dorothy Cayley, Alice Gairdner, Aslaug Sverdrup and Irma Andersson in the so-called 'Ladies Lab'.[2][3] From 1920 until 1926, De Winton worked with Bateson on Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis), continuing the work of Reginald Gregory.[4] During this time period, in 1923, she co-authored 'Genetics of Primula sinensis', describing linkage studies for numerous traits in Primula sinensis.[5] While in the 'Ladies Lab', De Winton also worked on genetic linkage in Pisum with Caroline Pellew, and the two women presented their studies at the International Congress of Genetics in Berlin in 1927.[6][4]
From 1927, De Winton worked closely with the geneticist J. B. S. Haldane. She continued her work on Primula, resulting in the discovery of 20 new mutants[1] and further publications on primrose genetics.[7] In 1929, De Winton was officially named a geneticist at the John Innes Horticultural Institution.[1] In 1932 De Winton published a book on her work titled 'Leaf and Bract Forms of Primula Sinensis and their Inheritance',[8] following that with 'The Genetics of Primula sinensis: IV. Indications as to the Ontogenetic Relationship of Leaf and Inflorescence' with Edgar Anderson in 1935.[9][10] She also published a study on self-sterility and self-fertility in Nicotiana with Anderson in 1931.[11]
De Winton left the John Innes Horticultural Institution in 1941, following the appointment of Cyril Darlington as the director of the institute in 1939. Changes made by Darlington resulted in a reduction in her pay which she found unacceptable, resulting in her resignation (together with Caroline Pellew).[1][12] Following this, De Winton worked at Messrs Ballard in Worcestershire as a plant breeder.[1]
Dorothea De Winton died in 1982.
In 2019, the Dorothea De Winton Field Station was opened at the John Innes Centre.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f "Dorothea de Winton Field Station Official Opening". John Innes Centre. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
- ^ Richmond, Marsha L. (January 2015). "Women as Mendelians and Geneticists". Science & Education. 24 (1–2). Springer Netherlands: 125–150. Bibcode:2015Sc&Ed..24..125R. doi:10.1007/s11191-013-9666-6. ISSN 1573-1901. S2CID 144712362.
- ^ HARMAN, Oren Solomon; Harman, Oren Solomon (2009-06-30). The Man Who Invented the Chromosome: the life of Cyril Darlington. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674038332.
- ^ a b Wilmot, Sarah (November 2017). "J. B. S. Haldane: the John Innes years". Journal of Genetics. 96 (5): 819. doi:10.1007/s12041-017-0830-7. PMID 29237891. S2CID 39998560.
- ^ Gregory, R. P.; de Winton, D.; Bateson, W. (1923-08-01). "Genetics ofPrimula sinensis". Journal of Genetics. 13 (2): 219–253. doi:10.1007/BF02983056. ISSN 0022-1333. S2CID 32503328.
- ^ Gates, R. Ruggles (1927-10-01). "International Congress of Genetics". Nature. 120 (3022): 495–496. Bibcode:1927Natur.120..495G. doi:10.1038/120495a0. ISSN 1476-4687.
- ^ de Winton, D.; Haldane, J. B. S. (February 1931). "Linkage in the tetraploidPrimula sinensis". Journal of Genetics. 24 (1): 121–144. doi:10.1007/BF03020826. ISSN 0022-1333. S2CID 12924798.
- ^ "Leaf and Bract Forms of Primula Sinensis and their Inheritance. An original article from the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 1932".
- ^ De Winton, Dorothea; Anderson, Edgar (1935-10-01). "The Genetics of Primula sinensisIV. Indications as to the Ontogenetic Relationship of Leaf and Inflorescence". Annals of Botany. os-49 (4): 671–672. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090530. ISSN 0305-7364.
- ^ Stebbins, Ledyard (1978). "Edgar Anderson" (PDF). National Academy of Sciences.
- ^ Anderson, Edgar; de Winton, Dorothea (February 1931). "The Genetic Analysis of An Unusual Relationship between Self-Sterility and Self-Fertility in Nicotiana". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 18 (1): 97. doi:10.2307/2394046. JSTOR 2394046.
- ^ "The John Innes Horticultural Institution" (PDF). Nature. 149 (3791): 728–729. 27 June 1942. Bibcode:1942Natur.149T.728.. doi:10.1038/149728d0. S2CID 8025501.