Dendrobieae is a tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae, in the family Orchidaceae.[1] The Dendrobieae are mostly tropical, epiphytic orchids which contain pseudobulbs.
| Dendrobieae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Dendrobium dearei | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Tribe: | Dendrobieae Lindl. ex Endl. |
| Genera | |
The tribe contains two genera, Dendrobium and Bulbophyllum, which are both among the largest genera of orchids, and are common in cultivation. Previously, other genera were included in the tribe, which are now subsumed in Dendrobium and Bulbophyllum.
Features
editDendrobieae are mostly small, epiphytic orchids. The roots are covered by velamen. There are usually pseudobulbs present, with leaves at the top; sometimes the species lacks pseudobulbs and the leaves are spread across the stem or the plant is leafless.
The flowers are terminal or axillary and spread across the stalk. The gynostemium is firm, with a clear foot. The anther is bent. The two or four pollinia are naked, they contain no viscidium, just like the Malaxideae.
Distribution
editDendrobieae have a pantropical distribution.
Taxonomy
editTaxonomy according to Dressler, Cameron and van den Berg
editThe taxonomy of Dendrobieae is still under discussion. The group has been described with the composition below by Dressler (1993),[2] but appears to be a polyphyletic group. This was investigated by Cameron et al. (1999)[3] and van den Berg et al. (2000).[4] However, they moved the genus Pseuderia to the tribe Podochileae. As a result, the tribe contained two subtribes, 27 genera and about 3,000 species.
Dendrobieae ' s phylogenetics can be seen below:
- Subtribe: Bulbophyllinae
- Genera:
- Acrochaene - Bulbophyllum - Chaseella - Cirrhopetalum - Codonosiphon - Drymoda - Epicrianthes - Ferruminaria - Hapalochilus - Ione - Mastigion - Monomeria - Monosepalum - Osyricera - Pedilochilus - Rhytionanthos - Saccoglossum - Sunipia - Synarmosepalum - Tapeinoglossum - Trias - Vesicisepalum
- Genera:
Taxonomy according to Clements
editIn various studies in 2003[5] and 2006[6] based on DNA analysis, Clements called for a review of Dendrobieae to be placed in the more monophyletic groups. Thus Bulbophyllinae was positioned earlier while Podochileae in its original position.
He placed the genus Epigeneium in a separate monophyletic subtribe, Epigeneiinae, after Dendrobieae. The genus Dendrobium is split further: The species of the section Oxystophyllum were placed under Podochileae, the Australasian Dendrobium-species were split into a new set of genera in the Grastidiinae subtribe.
The Dendrobiinae subtribe then contained the genus Dendrobium which includes the Asiatic species of the former giant genus, totalling over 450 species, and several genera separated from it.
Based on his Dendrobium research, it was found that in the future, even more monophyletic groups could be identified in the future as separate genera.
The pedigree chart of Dendrobieae can be found below:
- Subtribe: Dendrobiinae s.s.
- Genera:
- Anisopetala - Aporum - Callista - Ceraia - Coelandria - Dendrobium s.s. - Distichorchis - Eurycaulis - Pedilonum
- Genera:
- Subtribe: Epigeneiinae
- Genera:
- Subtribe: Grastidiinae
- Genera:
- Abaxianthus - Australorchis - Bouletia - Cadetia - Cannaeorchis - Cepobaculum - Ceratobium - Davejonesia - Dendrobates - Dichopus - Diplocaulobium - Dockrillia - Durabaculum - Eleutheroglossum - Eriopexis - Euphlebium - Exochanthus - Flickingeria - Grastidium - Herpetophytum - Inobulbum - Kinetochilus - Leioanthum - Microphytanthe - Monanthos - Sarcocadetia - Sayeria - Stilbophyllum - Tetrabaculum - Tetrodon - Thelychiton - Trachyrhizum - Tropilis - Vappodes - Winika
- Genera:
Taxonomy according to Chase
editIn their 2015 taxonomic review of Orchidaceae, Chase and colleagues relegated tribe Dendrobieae to a subtribe, Dendrobiinae, which they placed in tribe Malaxideae.[7] The two genera, Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium were treated in a broad sense and the genera proposed by earlier authors synonymised.
References
edit- ^ Lindleyana: The Scientific Journal of the American Orchid Society. The Society. 1999. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
- ^ Robert L. Dressler, 1993: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. S. 105ff. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-45058-6
- ^ Cameron, K.M.; Chase, M.W.; Whitten, W.M.; Kores, P.J.; Jarrell, D.C.; Albert, V.A.; Yukawa, T.; Hills, H.G.; Goldman, D.H. (1999). "A phylogenetic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences". American Journal of Botany. pp. 208–224. Archived from the original on 2010-07-03. Retrieved 2015-06-17.
- ^ van den Berg, C.; Goldman, D.H.; Freudenstein, J.V.; Pridgeon, A.M.; Cameron, K.M.; Chase, M.W. (2005). "An overview of the phylogenetic relationships within Epidendroideae inferred from multiple DNA regions and recircumscription of Epidendreae and Arethuseae (Orchidaceae)(abstract)". Archived from the original on May 30, 2012.
- ^ [https://web.archive.org/web/20110329190821/http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/72723/Tel10Cle247.pdf Archived 2011-03-29 at the Wayback Machine M.A. Clements (2003): Molecular phylogenetic systematics in the Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae), with emphasis on Dendrobium section Pedilonum. Telopea 10: 247 - 298
- ^ Clements, Mark A. (2006). "Molecular phylogenetic systematics in Dendrobieae (Orchidaceae)". Aliso. pp. 465–480. Archived from the original on 2015-06-18. Retrieved 2015-06-17.
- ^ Chase, Mark W.; Cameron, Kenneth M.; Freudenstein, John V.; Pridgeon, Alec M.; Salazar, Gerardo; van den Berg, Cássio; Schuiteman, André (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi:10.1111/boj.12234. ISSN 0024-4074.
Further reading
edit- Lindley, J. (1837) Genera Plantarum 190.
- Dressler, R.L. (1993) Phylogeny And Classification Of The Orchid Family, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
- Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Barrett, R.L. & Freudenstein, J.V. (2003). DNA data and Orchidaceae systematics: a new phylogenetic classification. pp. 69–89, in Dixon, K. M., S. P. Kell, R. L. Barrett, and P. J. Cribb [eds]. Orchid conservation. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
- Chase, M.W. (2005) Classification of Orchidaceae in the Age of DNA data, Curtis's Botanical Magazine, Volume 22 (1): 2–7.
