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Democracy in Asia

Democracy in Asia can be comparatively assessed[1] according to various definitions of democracy.[2] According to the V-Dem Democracy indices, the Asian countries with the highest democracy scores in year 2023 were Taiwan, Japan, Cyprus, Israel, and South Korea, meanwhile the Asian countries with lowest democracy scores in 2023 are Saudi Arabia, China and Afghanistan.[3] Democratic backsliding can be observed in parts of Asia.[4] The V-Dem Democracy Report identified for the year 2023 East Timor as a case of stand-alone democratization and Thailand and Maldives as cases of U-Turn democratization.[5]

Map of 2023 V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index for Asia

Measures of democracy

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The table below shows Asian countries scored on V-Dem Democracy indices in 2024.[5][3][6]

V-Dem Democracy Indices (14th edition)
Country Democracy Indices Democracy Component Indices
Electoral Liberal Liberal Egalitarian Participatory Deliberative
  Taiwan 0.823 0.722 0.878 0.913 0.751 0.897
  Japan 0.818 0.731 0.901 0.927 0.565 0.9
  Cyprus 0.774 0.636 0.817 0.869 0.574 0.837
  Israel 0.723 0.634 0.889 0.762 0.603 0.759
  South Korea 0.703 0.604 0.863 0.863 0.61 0.844
  East Timor 0.698 0.507 0.692 0.555 0.554 0.72
  Nepal 0.681 0.523 0.742 0.592 0.614 0.555
  Armenia 0.634 0.422 0.611 0.811 0.442 0.69
  Georgia 0.604 0.473 0.761 0.784 0.542 0.803
  Maldives 0.599 0.453 0.728 0.61 0.49 0.782
  Sri Lanka 0.58 0.421 0.688 0.625 0.549 0.61
  Indonesia 0.541 0.36 0.604 0.445 0.595 0.816
  Bhutan 0.527 0.445 0.819 0.831 0.558 0.921
  Mongolia 0.527 0.405 0.732 0.607 0.398 0.769
  Malaysia 0.506 0.359 0.655 0.726 0.533 0.662
  Papua New Guinea 0.475 0.383 0.761 0.493 0.527 0.524
  Philippines 0.43 0.287 0.581 0.334 0.567 0.749
  Singapore 0.403 0.331 0.735 0.81 0.134 0.738
  India 0.377 0.275 0.621 0.429 0.507 0.612
  Iraq 0.367 0.21 0.452 0.449 0.462 0.589
  Lebanon 0.364 0.237 0.529 0.503 0.472 0.667
  Kyrgyzstan 0.358 0.199 0.432 0.582 0.392 0.367
  Pakistan 0.344 0.212 0.484 0.243 0.545 0.531
  Kuwait 0.333 0.313 0.8 0.58 0.186 0.66
  Thailand 0.288 0.228 0.598 0.472 0.388 0.341
  Turkey 0.287 0.113 0.245 0.53 0.416 0.195
  Kazakhstan 0.284 0.144 0.345 0.597 0.299 0.446
  Jordan 0.256 0.253 0.729 0.566 0.284 0.692
  Palestine (West Bank) 0.254 0.138 0.359 0.623 0.422 0.388
  Bangladesh 0.253 0.096 0.219 0.243 0.303 0.298
  Uzbekistan 0.215 0.081 0.2 0.449 0.173 0.445
  Cambodia 0.198 0.057 0.13 0.219 0.371 0.187
  Russia 0.19 0.062 0.151 0.396 0.379 0.2
  Azerbaijan 0.188 0.064 0.162 0.37 0.119 0.123
  Oman 0.17 0.137 0.436 0.58 0.388 0.203
  Tajikistan 0.168 0.041 0.091 0.198 0.157 0.149
  Iran 0.156 0.082 0.246 0.5 0.079 0.186
  Hong Kong 0.154 0.124 0.401 0.721 0.131 0.17
  Turkmenistan 0.15 0.036 0.083 0.288 0.065 0.043
  Vietnam 0.149 0.114 0.372 0.662 0.563 0.613
  Syria 0.146 0.054 0.153 0.167 0.137 0.056
  Palestine (Gaza Strip) 0.136 0.07 0.219 0.582 0.357 0.202
  Laos 0.132 0.095 0.313 0.44 0.393 0.181
  Yemen 0.13 0.048 0.14 0.108 0.217 0.181
  Bahrain 0.129 0.054 0.165 0.391 0.122 0.209
  United Arab Emirates 0.102 0.078 0.27 0.486 0.095 0.285
  Qatar 0.087 0.085 0.306 0.382 0.041 0.389
  North Korea 0.084 0.015 0.036 0.317 0.153 0.036
  Myanmar 0.081 0.016 0.044 0.207 0.314 0.221
  Afghanistan 0.075 0.03 0.101 0.112 0.03 0.093
  China 0.074 0.037 0.129 0.315 0.124 0.382
  Saudi Arabia 0.015 0.046 0.184 0.446 0.087 0.249

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Geissel, Brigitte; Kneuer, Marianne; Lauth, Hans-Joachim (2016). "Measuring the quality of democracy: Introduction". International Political Science Review. 37 (5). Sage Publications: 571–579. doi:10.1177/0192512116669141. ISSN 0192-5121. JSTOR 26556872. S2CID 151808737. Retrieved 2023-04-03.
  2. ^ Greenwood, Shannon (2022-12-06). "Appendix A: Classifying democracies". Pew Research Center's Global Attitudes Project. Retrieved 2022-12-27.
  3. ^ a b V-Dem Institute (2023). "The V-Dem Dataset". Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  4. ^ Croissant, Aurel; Haynes, Jeffrey (2021). "Democratic regression in Asia: Introduction". Democratization. 28: 1–21. doi:10.1080/13510347.2020.1851203.
  5. ^ a b Nord, Marina; Lundstedt, Martin; Altman, David; Angiolillo, Fabio; et al. (2024). Lindberg, Staffan I. (ed.). Democracy Report 2024: Democracy Winning and Losing at the Ballot (PDF) (Report). University of Gothenburg: V-Dem Institute.
  6. ^ Coppedge, Michael; Gerring, John; Glynn, Adam; Knutsen, Carl Henrik; Lindberg, Staffan I.; et al. (January 2020). Varieties of Democracy: Measuring Two Centuries of Political Change. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108347860. ISBN 9781108347860.
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