The Cupan languages are a branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family that comprises Cupeño, Ivilyuat (Cahuilla), Luiseño-Juaneño, and perhaps Nicoleño[1], all historically spoken in southern California.
| Cupan | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | southern California |
| Linguistic classification | Uto-Aztecan |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | cupa1239 |
 Historical extent of Cupan languages | |
The branch had long been considered to be part of the Takic subgroup, but there is doubt about the validity of Takic as a genetic unit, the similarities between the languages classed as Takic possibly being due primarily to borrowing.[2][3]
Languages and dialects
edit- Luiseño-Juaneño language
- Luiseño dialect cluster[4]
- Juaneño dialect †
- Ivilyuat (also known as Cahuilla)
- Cupeño †
- Cupa dialect[6] †
- Wilaqalpa dialect †
- Paluqla dialect †
(†) – Extinct language
References
edit- ^ Munro, Pamela (2000). "Takic Foundations of Nicoleño Vocabulary" (PDF). Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium. Fifth California Islands Symposium. Santa Barbara: US Department of the Interior. pp. 659–668.
- ^ Shaul, D. L. (2014). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages. UNM Press.
- ^ Hill, J. H. (2011). "Subgrouping in Uto-Aztecan". Language Dynamics and Change, 1(2), 241-278.
- ^ a b Golla, Victor (2011-08-02). California Indian Languages. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26667-4.
- ^ Mamet, Ingo (2008). Man-bear travels to hell: aspects of the phonological description of a Cahuilla narrative. LINCOM GmbH. ISBN 9783895867866.
- ^ Hill, Jane H. (2005). A Grammar of Cupeño. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24637-9.