Crockett Johnson (October 20, 1906 – July 11, 1975) was the pen name of the American cartoonist and children's book illustrator David Johnson Leisk. He is best known for the comic strip Barnaby (1942–1952) and the Harold series of books, beginning with Harold and the Purple Crayon.
| Crockett Johnson | |
|---|---|
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| Born | David Johnson Leisk October 20, 1906 New York, New York State, USA |
| Died | July 11, 1975 (aged 68) Norwalk, Connecticut, USA |
| Area(s) | Cartoonist |
Notable works | Barnaby, Harold and the Purple Crayon |
From 1965 until his death, Johnson created more than a hundred paintings relating to mathematics and mathematical physics. Eighty of these are found in the collections of the National Museum of American History.[1]
Biography
editBorn in New York City, Johnson grew up in Corona, Queens, New York, attended PS 16 and Newtown High School. His father was from the Shetland Islands in Scotland and his mother was an immigrant from Germany.[2] He studied art at Cooper Union in 1924, and at New York University in 1925.[3] He explained his choice of pseudonym as follows: "Crockett is my childhood nickname. My real name is David Johnson Leisk. Leisk was too hard to pronounce—so—I am now Crockett Johnson!"[3]
By the late 1920s, Johnson was art editor at several McGraw-Hill trade publications. With the Great Depression, Johnson became politicized and turned leftward, joining the radical Book and Magazine Writers Union. In 1934, he began his cartooning career by contributing to the Communist Party publication New Masses and subsequently joined the publication's staff, becoming its art editor and redesigning the magazine's layout. He remained with the magazine until 1940 and embarked on a career drawing comic strips in a series in Collier's magazine named "The Little Man with the Eyes". In 1942, he developed the Barnaby strip which would make him famous for the left-wing daily newspaper PM.[4]
In 1939 Johnson married writer Ruth Krauss. They had no children together,[5] nor did they have children with their first spouses. They lived in Westport, Connecticut.[6] Together they collaborated on several children's books.
The children's book Harold and the Purple Crayon was published in 1955.
He died on July 11, 1975, at Norwalk Hospital in Norwalk, Connecticut of lung cancer.[7]
Children's books
editJohnson collaborated on four children's books with his wife, Ruth Krauss. The books were: The Carrot Seed, How to Make an Earthquake, Is This You?, and The Happy Egg.
The books Harold and the Purple Crayon, Harold's Fairy Tale, and A Picture for Harold's Room were adapted for animation by Gene Deitch.
Mathematical paintings
edit
Johnson created his series of more than 100 mathematical paintings inspired by geometric principles and mathematicians. He painted layered geometric shapes in the paintings, based on classic mathematical theorems and diagrams in James R. Newman's The World of Mathematics as well as other mathematics books. The paintings were inspired by famous mathematicians such as Galileo, Euclid, Descartes, and many more, and the titles of said paintings are references to each mathematician--"Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem" for Euclid, "Pendulum Momentum" for Galileo, and "Square Root of Two" after Descartes.[8] Later, he began to construct using his own inventions.[9] Most of Johnson's abstract images are painted with house paint on the rough side of a two-by-three foot piece of masonite, save those he enlarged to four-by-four, he explained in a letter.[10]
Johnson made an effort to differentiate his paintings from contemporary art in that his are based on the mathematics of geometry, not solely the shapes. In his 1971 article titled "Geometric Geometric Painting", published in Leonardo, Johnson describes this type of geometric painting as using shapes and lines to experiment with color and optic illusion for decoration, the evocation of emotion, representation of ancient symbols or other purposes unrelated to geometry.[11]
From 1965 until his death in 1975 Crockett Johnson painted more than 100 works relating to mathematics and mathematical physics.[10]
Works
edit- Barnaby (1943)
- Barnaby and Mr. O'Malley (1944)
- Willie's Adventures, Three Stories by Margaret Wise Brown, (1944), illus. by Johnson
- Ruth Krauss, The Carrot Seed (1945), illus. by Johnson
- Harold and the Purple Crayon (1955)
- Is This You? (1955), co-written with Ruth Krauss
- Franklyn M. Branley, Eleanor K. Vaughn, Mickey's Magnet (1956), illus. by Johnson[12]
- Barkis: Some precise and some speculative interpretations of the meaning of a dog's bark at certain times and in certain (illustrated) circumstances (1956)
- Harold's Fairy Tale (Further Adventures with the Purple Crayon) (1956)
- Harold's Trip to the Sky (1957)
- Terrible, Terrifying Toby (1957)
- Time for Spring (1957)
- Bernadine Cook, The Little Fish That Got Away (1957)
- Harold at the North Pole (1958)
- The Blue Ribbon Puppies (1958)
- Ellen's Lion: Twelve Stories (1959)
- The Frowning Prince (1959)
- Harold's Circus (1959)
- Will Spring Be Early? or Will Spring Be Late? (1959)
- A Picture for Harold's Room (1960)
- Harold's ABC (1963)
- The Lion's Own Story: Eight New Stories about Ellen's Lion (1963)
- We Wonder What Will Walter Be? When He Grows Up (1964)
- Castles in the Sand (1965), illus. by Betty Fraser
- The Emperor's Gifts (1965)
- Barnaby #1: Wanted, A Fairy Godfather (1985)
- Barnaby #2: Mr. O'Malley and the Haunted House (1985)
- Barnaby #3: Jackeen J. O'Malley for Congress (1986)
- Barnaby #4: Mr. O'Malley Goes for the Gold (1986)
- Barnaby #5: Mr. O'Malley, Wizard of Wall Street (1986)
- Barnaby #6: J.J. O'Malley Goes Hollywood (1986)
- Magic Beach (2005), with an appreciation by Maurice Sendak and an afterword by Philip Nel
- Barnaby, Volume One: 1942-1943 (2013), with a Foreword by Chris Ware and essays by Jeet Heer, Dorothy Parker, and Philip Nel
- Barnaby, Volume Two: 1944-1945 (2014), with a Foreword by Jules Feiffer and essays by R.C. Harvey, Max Lerner, and Philip Nel
- Barnaby, Volume Three: 1946-1947 (2016), with a Foreword by Jeff Smith (cartoonist) and essays by Nathalie op de Beeck, Coulton Waugh, and Philip Nel
The Barnaby #1 to #6 books, published in paperback by Ballantine Books under the Del Rey imprint in 1985, were compilations of the first few years of the comic strip. Additional books were supposed to appear, but publication was suspended upon the death of Judy Lynn Del Rey. In 2013, Fantagraphics began republishing Barnaby. The five-volume collection, featuring all ten years of Barnaby, is expected to be complete in 2019.
A 1946 play, "Barnaby and Mr. O'Malley", was based on the comic strip. Despite initial funding of $85,000 (approximately $1.28M in 2023), it ran for four performances before it "closed for repairs", never to return.[13][14]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ National Museum of American History page on Crocket Johnson, with images of paintings
- ^ "Before Barnaby: Crockett Johnson Grows up and Turns Left". 26 September 2012.
- ^ a b "Harold, Barnaby, and Dave: A Biography of Crockett Johnson" Archived 2019-01-01 at the Wayback Machine. Philip Nel.
- ^ "Before Barnaby: Crockett Johnson Grows Up and Turns Left". The Comics Journal. September 26, 2012. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
- ^ "Crockett Johnson and Ruth Krauss redrew the world of kid literature". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 2021-08-19.
- ^ Correspondence with Professor Philip Nel author of "Crockett Johnson and Ruth Krauss: How an Unlikely Couple Found Love, Dodged the FBI, and Transformed Children's Literature" (2012) "8-19-2021 Crockett Johnson and Ruth Krauss had no children. They had no children as a couple. Nor did they have children with their first spouses. Best wishes, Phil Philip Nel"
- ^ "Crockett Johnson, Cartoonist, Creator of 'Barnaby,' is Dead". The New York Times. 13 July 1975.
- ^ "Mathematical Paintings of Crockett Johnson". National Museum of American History. Retrieved 2021-12-15.
- ^ Green, Judy (August 2014). "Mathematical Treasure: Crockett Johnson's Mathematical Paintings". Mathematical Association of America.
- ^ a b "Ad Reinhardt Papers, 1927–1968". Archives of American Art. Smithsonian Institution.
- ^ Goodyear, Anne Collins; Weitekamp, Margaret A. (October 30, 2013). Analyzing Art and Aesthetics. Smithsonian Institution. ISBN 978-1935623236.
- ^ Mickey's Magnet (Scholastic #934, Crockett Johnson, Illustrator) by Branley, Franklyn M.; Eleanor K. Vaughan, Pictures By Crockett Johnson: Scholastic 9780590023344 Softcover,...
- ^ "Inside Stuff — Legit". Variety. 1946-09-04. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
- ^ Nel, Philip (2011-04-20). "Cushlamochree! Barnaby on stage!". philnel.com. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
Further reading
editAll by Philip Nel
- Crockett Johnson website
- At The Comics Journal
- Crockett Johnson and Ruth Krauss: How an Unlikely Couple Found Love, Dodged the FBI, and Transformed Children's Literature (2012)
External links
edit
- Crockett Johnson at Lambiek Comiclopedia (lambiek.net)
- Barnaby comic strip in The Advertiser (Adelaide), January 18, 1947
- Crockett Johnson at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
- Crockett Johnson at Library of Congress, with 41 library catalog records