Cratera is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
| Cratera | |
|---|---|
| |
| Cratera pseudovaginuloides | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Platyhelminthes |
| Order: | Tricladida |
| Family: | Geoplanidae |
| Subfamily: | Geoplaninae |
| Genus: | Cratera Carbayo et al., 2013 |
| Type species | |
| Geoplana pseudovaginuloides Riester, 1938
| |
Description
edit
The genus Cratera is characterized by having a leaf-shaped body. Most species are between 3 and 7 cm long. The hundreds of eyes distributed along the body are monolobulated, i.e., simple and circular. The copulatory apparatus has a permanent conical penis occupying the entire male cavity. The final portion of the ejaculatory duct, the channel that guides sperm through the penis, has an expanded cavity that resembles a volcanic crater. It is very similar to the related genus Obama, the main difference being the presence of trilobulated eyes in the latter.[1]
Etymology
editThe name Cratera is derived from the Latin word crater and refers to the cavity in the penis that resembles a volcanic crater.
Species
editThere are 24 species assigned to the genus Cratera:
- Cratera anamariae Carbayo & Almeida, 2015[2]
- Cratera arucuia Lago-Barcia & Carbayo, 2018[3]
- Cratera assu Araujo, Carbayo, Riutort & Álvarez-Presas, 2020[4]
- Cratera aureomaculata Rossi & Leal-Zanchet, 2017[5]
- Cratera boja Araujo, Carbayo, Riutort & Álvarez-Presas, 2020[4]
- Cratera crioula (E. M. Froehlich, 1955)[1]
- Cratera cryptolineata Rossi & Leal-Zanchet, 2017[5]
- Cratera cuarassu Carbayo & Almeida, 2015[2]
- Cratera hina (Marcus, 1951)[3]
- Cratera imbiri Araujo, Carbayo, Riutort & Álvarez-Presas, 2020[4]
- Cratera joia (Froehlich, 1956)[1]
- Cratera nigrimarginata Rossi & Leal-Zanchet, 2017[5]
- Cratera ochra Rossi, Amaral, Ribeiro, Cauduro, Fick, Valiati & Leal-Zanchet, 2015[6]
- Cratera obsidiana Amaral, Boll & Leal-Zanchet, 2019[7]
- Cratera paraitinga Araujo, Carbayo, Riutort & Álvarez-Presas, 2020[4]
- Cratera picuia Lago-Barcia & Carbayo, 2018[3]
- Cratera pseudovaginuloides (Riester, 1938)[1]
- Cratera steffeni Rossi, Fontoura, Amaral & Leal-Zanchet, 2014[8]
- Cratera tamoia (E. M. Froehlich, 1955)[1]
- Cratera taxiarcha (Marcus, 1951)[3]
- Cratera tui Araujo, Carbayo, Riutort & Álvarez-Presas, 2020[4]
- Cratera viridimaculata Negrete & Brusa, 2016[9]
- Cratera yara (E. M. Froehlich, 1955)[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Carbayo, F.; Álvarez-Presas, M.; Olivares, C. U. T.; Marques, F. P. L.; Froehlich, E. X. M.; Riutort, M. (2013). "Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: Proposal of taxonomic actions". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (5): 508–528. doi:10.1111/zsc.12019. S2CID 85286215.
- ^ a b Carbayo, Fernando; Almeida, Ana Laura (2015). "Anatomical deviation of male organs of land planarians from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with description of two new species of Cratera (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida)". Zootaxa. 3931 (1): 27–40. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25781812.
- ^ a b c d Lago-Barcia, Domingo; Carbayo, Fernando (2018). "Taxonomic revision of four species of the Neotropical land planarian genera Cratera and Geoplana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) with a description of two new species and an emendation of Cratera". Zootaxa. 4500 (4): 517–542. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4500.4.3. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 30486048.
- ^ a b c d e Araujo, Ana Paula Goulart; Carbayo, Fernando; Riutort, Marta; Álvarez-Presas, Marta (4 September 2020). "Five new pseudocryptic land planarian species of ''Cratera'' (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) unveiled through integrative taxonomy". PeerJ. 8: e9726. doi:10.7717/peerj.9726. eISSN 2167-8359. PMC 7491415. PMID 32983634.
- ^ a b c Rossi, Ilana; Leal-Zanchet, Ana (2017). "Three new species of Cratera Carbayo et al., 2013 from Araucaria forests with a key to species of the genus (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola)". ZooKeys (643): 1–32. doi:10.3897/zookeys.643.11093. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 5242264. PMID 28144173.
- ^ Rossi, Ilana; Amaral, Silvana Vargas; Ribeiro, Giovana Gamino; Cauduro, Guilherme Pinto; Fick, Israel; Valiati, Victor Hugo; Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria (2015). "Two new Geoplaninae species (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) from Southern Brazil based on an integrative taxonomic approach". Journal of Natural History. 50 (13–14): 787–815. doi:10.1080/00222933.2015.1084057. ISSN 0022-2933. S2CID 86172935.
- ^ Boll, Piter Kehoma; Amaral, Silvana Vargas; Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria (2019). "Two new land planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from protected areas in southern Brazil". Zootaxa. 4664 (4): 535–550. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.5. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 31716655. S2CID 202857022.
- ^ Rossi, Ilana; Fontoura, Marcela; Amaral, Silvana; Leal-Zanchet, Ana M. (2014). "A new species of land flatworm (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) from areas of Araucaria> Forest in southern Brazil". Zootaxa. 3794 (4): 514–524. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3794.4.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 24870339.
- ^ Negrete, Lisandro; Brusa, Francisco (2016). "First report of the genus Cratera (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) in Argentina, with description of a new species and comments on the species of the genus". ZooKeys (610): 1–12. doi:10.3897/zookeys.610.9465. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 4992809. PMID 27587974.