The Constitutional Court (Serbian: Уставни суд, romanized: Ustavni sud) is the court authorized to perform judicial review in Serbia. It rules on whether the laws, decrees or other bills enacted by the Serbian authorities are in conformity with the Constitution. It is not considered as part of the judicial branch, but a court sui generis.[1]
| Constitutional Court of Serbia Уставни суд | |
|---|---|
 Constitutional Court Building (southern wing of the Main Post Office Palace) | |
| Established | 9 April 1963 |
| Jurisdiction | Serbia |
| Location | 15 Bulevar kralja Aleksandra, Belgrade |
| Composition method | Parliament selection (5 members) Supreme Court selection (5 members) Presidential selection (5 members) |
| Authorised by | Constitution |
| Judge term length | 9 years |
| Number of positions | 15 |
| Website | www |
| President | |
| Currently | Snežana Marković |
| Since | 26 January 2020 |
The seat of the Constitutional Court is at the southern wing of the Main Post Office Palace in Belgrade. It consists of 15 judges, one of them being President of the Court.[2]
History
editThe Constitutional Court of the Socialist Republic of Serbia (then part of SFR Yugoslavia) was established by the Constitution of Socialist Republic of Serbia, adopted on 9 April 1963. The Cour was to act as an independent body designated to protect constitutionality and legality in accordance with the Constitution and within the framework of the rights and duties proscribed by the Constitution. The "Constitutional Law of the Socialist Republic of Serbia", enacted on 25 December 1963, defined jurisdiction and adjudications before the Constitutional Court and legal effects of its decisions in a more specific manner. The Constitutional Court commenced its work on 15 February 1964.
The Constitutional Court has upon proclamation of the 1990 Constitution acted within the framework of absence of division of powers, where the National Assembly was the highest body of state power. The Constitutional Court has through its presence and work contributed to the importance and contribution in preservation of the constitutional principles and legality.[3]
Composition
editThe Constitutional Court consists of 15 judges. Five of them are elected by the President of the Republic, five by the National Assembly, and five are elected at the General Session of the Supreme Court. Judges are elected to the 9-year term. The candidate for post of a constitutional court judge have to be accomplished jurist of at least 40 years of age and with at least 15 years of experience in jurisprudence. One person can be elected maximum of two times. After the election, the judges take oath before the President of the National Assembly.
The term of the Constitutional Court judge ends after 9 years since the election, or by resignation, by retirement or by impeachment. A constitutional court judge may not perform any other public office or any other job at all, except for being a professor at the law schools of one of the universities in Serbia. A constitutional court judge enjoys immunity from prosecution.[2]
Composition as of 2022[update] (year of election in the parenthesis):[4]
- Snežana Marković (2016), President since 2020
- Milan Škulić (2016), Deputy President since 2020
- Gordana Ajnšpiler Popović (2019)
- Lidija Đukić (2019)
- Tatjana Đurkić (2016)
- Dragana Kolarić (2016)
- Tamaš Korhec (2016)
- Vesna Ilić Prelić (2007)
- Miroslav Nikolić (2016)
- Vladan Petrov (2019)
- Nataša Plavšić (2019)
- Jovan Ćirić (2016)
- Tijana Šurlan (2016)
As of 2022, two seats are vacant.
Presidents of the Constitutional Court
edit- Status
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Petar Relić | 26 June 1963 | 31 July 1971 |
| 2 |
|
Jovan Đorđević | 15 July 1971 | 31 December 1979 |
| 3 |
|
Najdan Pašić | 1 January 1980 | 14 October 1984 |
| 4 |
|
Radoslav Ratković | 18 September 1984 | 7 November 1986 |
| 5 |
|
Đurđe Seničić | 5 May 1987 | 3 June 1989 |
| 6 |
|
Miodrag Bogdanović | 3 June 1988 | 26 June 1990 |
| 7 |
|
Balša Špadijer (born 1936) |
7 August 1990 | 30 June 1996 |
| 8 |
|
Ratko Butulija (born 1941)[a] |
30 June 1996 | 17 December 2001 |
| – |
|
Verona Ádám Bokros (born 1948) |
17 December 2001 | 20 June 2002 |
| 9 |
|
Slobodan Vučetić (born 1941) |
20 June 2002 | 10 October 2006 |
| – |
|
Verona Ádám Bokros (born 1948) |
10 October 2006 | 10 April 2007 |
| – |
|
Milutin Đuričić (born 1948) |
10 April 2007 | 10 October 2007 |
| – |
|
Dragica Marjanović (born 1943) |
10 October 2007 | 26 December 2007 |
| 10 |
|
Bosa Nenadić (born 1953) |
26 December 2007 | 23 December 2010 |
| – |
|
Agneš Kartag-Odri (born 1951) |
23 December 2010 | 3 February 2011 |
| 11 |
|
Dragiša Slijepčević (born 1955) |
3 February 2011 | 3 February 2014 |
| 12 |
|
Vesna Ilić-Prelić (born 1960) |
3 February 2014 | 12 December 2016 |
| – |
|
Goran Ilić (born 1965) |
12 December 2016 | 26 January 2017 |
| (12) |
|
Vesna Ilić-Prelić (born 1960) |
26 January 2017 | 26 January 2020 |
| 13 |
|
Snežana Marković (born 1959) |
26 January 2020 | Incumbent |
Library of the Constitutional Court
editThe Library of the Constitutional Court is a specialized law library. The library is in charge of collecting, storing, cataloguing, and circulating literature from different branches of law, with special regard to constitutional legislation. The library is in possession of a large collection of monographs, serial publications, and collections of papers. In addition, it has an electronic database of legal acts.
The Constitutional Court Library owns a valuable collection of legal acts issued in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Library cooperates with the National Library of Serbia, Belgrade City Library, and libraries of similar profile.[7]
Notes
edit- ^ Acting to 25 December 1996.
See also
editReferences
editThis article incorporates text from the Constitutional Court of Serbia official site ([1]), which is in the public domain, because it is a law, decree, regulation or official material of a Republic of Serbia state body or a body performing public functions, under the terms of Article 6, Paragraph 2 of Serbian copyright law. See Copyright.
- ^ Constitutional Court of Serbia official site: Law on the Constitutional Court
- ^ a b Constitutional Court of Serbia official site: Election, appointment and termination of office (in Serbian)
- ^ Constitutional Court of Serbia official site: The history of the court from its foundation
- ^ Constitutional Court of Serbia official site: Composition
- ^ "Raniji predsednici Ustavnog suda". ustavni.sud.rs. Constitutional Court of Serbia. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
- ^ "Serbian ministries, etc". rulers.org. B. Schemmel. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
- ^ Constitutional Court of Serbia official site: The Library of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Serbia
External links
edit- Constitutional Court of Serbia Official page (in English)