General Sir Henry Colville Barclay Wemyss, KCB, KBE, DSO, MC (26 April 1891 – 2 April 1959) was a senior British Army officer who served as Adjutant-General to the Forces from 1940 to 1941.
Sir Colville Wemyss | |
|---|---|
 General Sir Colville Wemyss. | |
| Born | 26 April 1891 Mauritius[1] |
| Died | 2 April 1959 (aged 67) |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service | British Army |
| Years of service | 1910–1946 |
| Rank | General |
| Service number | 14202 |
| Unit | Royal Engineers Royal Corps of Signals |
| Commands | 5th Divisional Signals (1933–35) |
| Battles / wars | First World War Second World War |
| Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire Distinguished Service Order Military Cross Mentioned in Despatches Commander of the Legion of Merit (United States) Commander of the Order of the Nile (Kingdom of Egypt) |
Military career
editColville Wemyss (pronounced weems) was born the son of Alexander Wemyss, he was educated at Bedford School and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, he was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in December 1910.[2]
As with so many other young men of his generation, he served in the First World War, being awarded the Distinguished Service Order and Military Cross.[3]
In 1920 he transferred to the newly formed Royal Corps of Signals. After attending the Staff College, Camberley from 1923 to 1924,[4] in 1926 he became a General Staff Officer at the War Office[5] and then in 1929 he was appointed an instructor at the School of Signals at Catterick.[5] He left the School of Signals in 1932 to become a GSO at Northern Command at York.[5]
On 1 October 1935 Wemyss was promoted colonel[6] and appointed an Assistant Adjutant General at the War Office in London.[5] He was a student at the Imperial Defence College between 18 January 1938 and January 1939. On completing the course, he was promoted to major general[7] and appointed as the Director of Mobilisation at the War Office on 9 January 1939.[5] On 19 February 1940 he transferred to the post of Deputy Adjutant General to the Forces at the War Office.[5]
On 10 June 1940, nine months after the outbreak of the Second World War, Wemyss replaced General Robert Gordon-Finlayson as Adjutant-General to the Forces.[5] He was promoted Acting lieutenant general on assuming the role.[8] The increasing importance of the role of the United States in the Second World War led to United Kingdom government establishing a military mission to Washington, D.C. On 3 June 1941 Wemyss was appointed the Head of the British Army Mission to Washington.[5] In January 1942, Prime Minister Winston Churchill decided to replace Wemyss in Washington with General Sir John Dill[9] so Wemyss returned to the United Kingdom. Wemyss was appointed Military Secretary to the Secretary of State for War on 16 June 1942.[5] He was to remain in this key post for the rest of the war. He was promoted general on 15 October 1945, by which time the war was over, and retired from the army, after having served for almost exactly thirty-six years of service, on 23 November 1946.[5][10]
Wemyss was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 11 July 1940 and advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 14 June 1945. He was also made a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire on 1 July 1941. In recognition of his links to the United States, on 23 July 1948, he was also awarded the Legion of Merit in the degree of commander.[11]
References
edit- ^ "Henry Colville Barclay Wemyss". Imperial War Museum. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
- ^ "No. 28455". The London Gazette. 10 January 1911. p. 216.
- ^ "No. 12957". The Edinburgh Gazette. 30 June 1916. p. 1184.
- ^ Smart 2005, p. 328.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Sir Colville Wemyss". Generals.dk. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
- ^ "No. 34204". The London Gazette. 4 October 1935. p. 6216.
- ^ "No. 34593". The London Gazette. 27 January 1939. p. 606.
- ^ "No. 34869". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 June 1940. p. 3505.
- ^ War Diaries 1939–1945 Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke
- ^ "No. 37793". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 November 1946. p. 5715.
- ^ "No. 38359". The London Gazette. 20 July 1948. p. 4189.
Bibliography
edit- Smart, Nick (2005). Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War. Barnsley, U.K.: Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 1-84415-049-6.