Colne Bridge Mill (English: /ˈkoʊln/) was a factory, built in 1775, in the village of Colne Bridge near Bradley and Kirkheaton, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England, which was destroyed by fire on 14 February 1818. It was owned by the wealthy manufacturer Thomas Atkinson (1779–1838), who was also proprietor of another business at Bradley Mills, Huddersfield.[1]
| Colne Bridge Mill | |
|---|---|
  Location of Colne Bridge Mill in West Yorkshire | |
| Type | Factory |
| Location | Colne Bridge, West Yorkshire |
| Coordinates | 53°40′44″N 1°44′00″W / 53.67889°N 1.73333°W |
| Built | 1775 |
| Demolished | 14 February 1818 |
| Owner | Thomas Atkinson (1779–1838) |
Fire of 1818
editEarly in the morning of 14 February 1818, around 5 am, the fire was caused by a 10-year-old boy, James Thornton (c. 1808–55), who was sent down into the Mill's carding room with a naked candle. The flame ignited the huge amounts of flammable material. Many were left trapped in the mill's upper floors. As the workers tried to escape and attempts were made to rescue them, the mill's floors and roof collapsed.[2][3]
Twenty-six women and girls (aged between 9 and 18) were working through the night and of these 17 were killed and only 8 survived. The inquest found that the deaths were accidental, and no one was ever prosecuted. The bodies were in such a mutilated state that they were unidentifiable, and the 15 bodies recovered were buried in a communal grave at Kirkheaton Parish Church on 16 February 1818.[4][5][6]
Impact and memorial
edit
The tragedy led to further questions about factory conditions being raised in Parliament; and it thereby contributed to the movement for improving working conditions. Nine days after the fire, Sir Robert Peel the Elder moved the second reading of his Factory Bill in the House of Commons to prevent recurrence of 'that which has lately taken place at Colne Bridge'. The Bill was later enacted as the Cotton Mills and Factories Act 1819.[7]
Three years later, in 1821, a memorial to the victims of the fire was erected, by voluntary subscription, and stands in Kirkheaton Chuchyard. It was restored in 1986 to mark the centenary of the Trades Union Congress.[8]
In 2018, varied events were held to commemorate the tragedy's bicentenary, including a memorial service at Kirkheaton Parish Church on 10 February 2018,[9][10] and a plaque was unveiled in remembrance of those lives lost.[11]
References
edit- ^ "Tragic Fire at Arkinson's Mill, Colne Bridge (Kirklees Cousins)". 30 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Colne Bridge Tragedy of 1818 (Huddersfield Exposed)". 30 November 2020. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
- ^ "Colne Bridge Mill Fire (Yorkshire Live)". 9 February 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Colne Bridge Mill Fire (Leeds Mercury, 21 February 1818)" (PDF). 30 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "A tragedy 200 years on: Remembering the Colne Bridge Mill Fire (Kirklees Television)". YouTube. 26 August 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Colne Bridge Fire Tragedy 1818 (Yetton Together)". 30 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Tragic Fire at Arkinson's Mill, Colne Bridge (Kirklees Cousins)". 30 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Monument to victims of a mill fire at Colne Bridge, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire (Historic England)". 30 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Colne Bridge Mill Fire Remembered 200 Years On (Diocese of Leeds)". 7 February 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Valentine's Day mill fire tragedy which claimed 17 young lives is commemorated 200 years on (West Yorkshire Fire Service)". 2 February 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "200th Anniversary of the Colne Bridge Mill Fire: Commemoration of Bicentenary of Atkinson's cotton mill fire tragedy – 10 February 2018 (Kirkburton Parish Council)". 10 February 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
