The Coalition Against the Marcos Dictatorship was a North America-based antiimperialist organization[1] that was at the center of the international movement opposing the dictatorship of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos from the 1970s.
CAMD changed its name to Committee to Advance the Movement for Democracy and Independence (CAMDI)[1] in February 1986, after the People Power Revolution toppled the corrupt and brutal Marcos regime.
History
editFollowing the proclamation of martial law in the Philippines, the Katipunan ng mga Demokratikong Pilipino (KDP) was established in July 1973 by young activists and students in Santa Cruz, California. It had a dual program of supporting the national democratic revolution in the Philippines and fighting for social justice in the United States.[2] Its founders wrote:
“[In] the struggle for national democracy in the Philippines,” the KDP must address the “exploitation and racist oppression of U.S. monopoly-capitalism” in America and in the Philippines.[3]
In 1974, the KDP was among various anti-martial law groups to petition the U.S. Congress to stop support for Marcos. The campaign was followed by the first national anti-martial law conference in Chicago. The conference established the National Coordinating Committee of the Anti-Martial Movement, which later became the Anti-Martial Law Coalition (AMLC) in New York.[1]
The AMLC set up its task force in Washington, D.C. to act as a watchdog on congressional action and to help coordinate mass pressure campaigns. It also developed policy positions and conducted patient work with congressional personnel to help sway options.[2]
Expansion
editLocal formations of AMLC and anti-martial law alliances were developed in various cities to allow the participation of individuals who were not members of existing anti-martial law groups, such as the Movement for a Free Philippines (MFP) and the Friends of the Filipino People (FFP).[2]
KDP leader and AMLC organizer Rene Ciria-Cruz wrote:
AMLC launched well-coordinated campaigns, educating the community and non-Pilipino sectors on the plight of political prisoners, the U.S. motivation in supporting the regime, Marcos' maneuvers for legitimacy and more... These campaigns took the form of petition drives, demonstrators, Christmas caroling, speaking tours of exiled or deported oppositionists, and fund-raisers for the workers movement. The AMLC also sent human rights delegations to the Philippines, and during the rigged 1978 election, staged occupations of Philippine consulated in five cities.[4]
After Martial Law and Renaming
editIn 1981, after the formal proclamation of martial law was lifted, AMLC became the Coalition Against the Marcos Dictatorship (CAMD), and had identifiably become an anti-imperialist organization.
In 1983, CAMD merged with the Philippine Support Network to form CAMD/PSN, following a rift between former members of the Friends of the Filipino People (FFP).
Regularized activities like annual protests on the anniversary of martial law, Christmas caroling, community forums, annual conferences, and mass distribution of the Taliba newsletter kept the controversy over martial law alive in the Filipino community and general public during periods of low political activity (“ebbs”) around the Philippines. All KDP activists, regardless of their principal area of work (e.g., anti-racist, cultural, national staff, etc.), participated in some aspect of the martial law work. The consistency of the activities paid off when developments began to heighten in the Philippines during the early 1980s, accelerated by the assassination of Senator Benign0 (Ninoy) Aquino in August 1983, and erupting into the “people’s revolution” three years later.[1]
Known leaders included Maxi Villones, Odette Taverna, Christine Araneta, Greg Santillan, Ia Rodriguez, Armin Alforque, Dean Alegado, Fely Villasin, Liz Fenkell, Becky Villones, Lulu Ross, Pierre Thiry.
Post-Marcos Era
editIn 1986, the CAMD and the KDP joined with the MFP and the organizationally looser Ninoy Aquino Movement, as well as spontaneous local formations such as the Friends of Cory Aquino in a campaign to mobilize political and financial support for the presidential candidacy of Corazon Aquino, following her husband's assassination.[2]
CAMD/PSN was again re-named as the Committee to Advance the Movement for Democracy and Independence (CAMDI).[1]
In 2016, former members of CAMD/PSN joined international gathering[5] and protest rallies[6] against the planned burial of Ferdinand Marcos at Libingan ng mga Bayani (Heroes’ Cemetery) in Fort Bonifacio, Metro Manila, Philippines.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e Toribio, Helen (1998). "We Are Revolution: A Reflective History of the Union of Democratic Filipinos (KDP)". Amerasia Journal. 24 (2): 155–178. doi:10.17953/amer.24.2.00x12jv74uv8p673.
- ^ a b c d Bello, M.; Reyes, V. (1986). "ilipino Americans and the Marcos Overthrow: The Transformation of Political Consciousness". Amerasia Journal. 13 (1): 73–78. doi:10.17953/amer.13.1.21h54l86268n023n.
- ^ Katipunan ng mga Demokratikong Pilipino (July 1973), Katipunan ng mga Demokratikong Pilipino First National Congress, Santa Cruz, CA
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Ignacio Jr., Abraham Flores (1994). "Makibakawa Huwag Matakot: A History of the Katipunan ng mga Demokratikong Pilipino" (PDF). Maganda Magazine (7).
- ^ Rivera, Patty (September 25, 2016). "Toronto: PH Martial Law survivors recall the years of living dangerously". inquirer.net. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
- ^ Querol Moreno, Cherie (September 6, 2016). "Bay Area Fil-Ams join protest against hero's burial for Marcos". rappler.com. Retrieved June 7, 2021.