Chuukic (/ˈtʃuːkɪk/), historically also rendered as Trukic[1] (/ˈtruːkɪk/), is a subgroup of the Chuukic–Pohnpeic family of the Austronesian language family.[2] The languages are primarily spoken in Chuuk State and Yap State of the Federated States of Micronesia, as well as in the outer islands of Palau. The Carolinians of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands also speak their own language distinct from the historically native Chamorro people.
| Chuukic | |
|---|---|
| Trukic | |
| Geographic distribution | Micronesia |
| Linguistic classification | Austronesian
|
| Proto-language | Proto-Chuukic |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | truk1243 |
 Map of the Micronesian languages; Chuukic languages are shaded in red. | |
Languages
edit- Sonsorol and Tobian (close enough to each other to often be considered dialects)
- Chuukese
- Woleaian and Ulithian
- Puluwatese, Namonuito, and Tanapag
- Carolinian
- Satawalese and Mortlockese (closely related)
- Pááfang
- Mapia (extinct)
Phonology
edit| Proto-Oceanic | *mp | *mp,ŋp | *p | *m | *m,ŋm | *k | *ŋk | *ŋ | *y | *w | *t | *s,nj | *ns,j | *j | *nt,nd | *d,R | *l | *n | *ɲ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Micronesian | *p | *pʷ | *f | *m | *mʷ | *k | *x | *ŋ | *y | *w | *t | *T | *s | *S | *Z | *c | *r | *l | *n | *ɲ |
| Proto-Chuukic-Pohnpeic | *p | *pʷ | *f | *m | *mʷ | *k | *∅,r1 | *ŋ | *y | *w | *t | *T | *t | *t | ∅ | *c | *r | *l | *n | *ɲ |
| Proto-Chuukic | *p | *pʷ | *f | *m | *mʷ | *k | *∅ | *ŋ | *y | *w | *t | *T | *d | *d | ∅ | *c | *r | *l | *n | *ɲ |
1 before /a/
References
edit- ^ "tr" is a German convention for the retroflex affricate now written "ch"
- ^ Lynch, John; Ross, Malcolm; Crowley, Terry (2002). The Oceanic languages. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon. ISBN 978-0-7007-1128-4. OCLC 48929366.
- ^ Bender, Byron W. (2003). "Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions: 1". Oceanic Linguistics. 42 (1): 4, 5. doi:10.2307/3623449. JSTOR 3623449.