Chimaek (치맥; from Korean chikin 'fried chicken' and maekju 'beer'[1][2]) is a pairing of fried chicken (either plain huraideu or spicy yangnyeom) and beer, served as anju (English: food with alcohol) in the evening in many South Korean restaurants,[2] including a number of specialized chains.
 A typical chimaek combination | |
| Course | Main course |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | South Korea |
| Associated cuisine | South Korean cuisine |
| Invented | 1970s |
| Main ingredients | Korean fried chicken, beer |
| Chimaek | |
| Hangul | 치맥 |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | Chimaek |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ch'imaek |
| Alternate name | |
| Hangul | 치킨맥주 |
| Revised Romanization | Chikin-maekju |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ch'ik'in-maekchu |
Origin and popularization
editThere is a historic record that indicates a similar recipe has existed in Korea since at least 600 years ago, but which was long forgotten until the late 2010s.[3] Modern chimaek is believed to have been invented in late 20th century, but it is hard to pinpoint the exact time and place. From the roasted chicken that appeared in the early 1960s to the spicy chicken that was adapted to meet Korean tastes, South Korea has imported and developed a growing variety of chicken dishes. While chicken was gaining popularity, a new draft beer which appeared in the 1970s was also becoming very popular, and it became common for the two to be combined as a single menu item. Moreover, the 2002 Korea–Japan World Cup shed more light on the chimaek phenomenon, and the dish has also had a significant impact on Korean drinking culture.[4] Today, fried chicken is one of the most popular dishes in Korea. It's so popular that Koreans created the word Chi-neunim, which is a compound word of chicken and God Haneunim in Korean.[5]
The concept of fried chicken was well known in Korea since the early Joseon dynasty as Pogye (포계) as it appeared in the Sangayorok (산가요록) cookbook written in 1459.[6] Chicken production increased 13 times as the nation's economy grew. With the introduction of cooking oil in Korea in 1971, chicken and oil were plentiful, which created an environment where people could eat more chicken. At this time, chicken and beer were sold together, which eventually led to the creation of chimaek. In the 1970s, manufacturing workers paid 3,400 South Korean won per chicken, but the price of a boiled chicken was ₩2,500, and 500 cc (18 imp fl oz; 17 US fl oz) of beer was ₩450.[7]
In 1977, the chicken brand Rims Archived 15 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine Chicken was founded. It was quite strange for Koreans to chop and fry chicken, but its popularity was enormous, especially around the holiday seasons.[citation needed]
The word chicken and beer were not used in conjunction until 2002 with the Korea–Japan World Cup. Public parks would often have large screens to watch the games, and people would dress in red (the colour and nickname of the home team) and gather together to cheer for the World Cup, while eating chicken and drinking beer. The number of chicken restaurants increased from around 10,000 to 25,000 after the World Cup.[7]
Chimaek Street is planned to be built in Gimpo, South Korea. There is a prospect that various chicken restaurants will be gathered in one place and that world beer and various kinds of chicken will be a specialty of Gimpo city.[8]
There are many chimaek festivals in Korea, including the Seoul Chimaek Festival which is held in mid-October in downtown Seoul. It is an event to promote Korean food culture abroad by combining chicken and beer.[9][circular reference] In Daegu Metropolitan City, a chimaek festival was held in 2013.[10] In 2013, a chimaek festival in Ningbo, China, drew some 400,000 visitors in its first three days.[10]
Sports
editChimaek is popular choice for people watching sports events such as World Cup and Asian Cup Especially, Convenience stores and fried chicken franchises enjoying a busy season during the World Cup. [11]
Outside Korea
editChina
editChimaek is also popular in China because of the popular drama My Love From the Star, in which Cheon Song-i, the heroine, said "A snowy day is just perfect for our Chimaek time ..."; which triggered the phenomenon. Specialty chicken shops have been more numerous in China. Uploading pictures of oneself holding a chicken in one hand and a beer in the other on social networks became a trend.[2][12]
Since December 2014, Chinese people have been willing to wait an average of three hours in front of a Korean-brand chimaek shop to enjoy the food.[citation needed] At the time of the drama's airing, thousands of "Chicken Mac sets" were sold in Hangzhou,[citation needed] and Lotte Mart in China offered a 25 percent discount for a chicken and six cans of Tsingtao beer.[relevant?]
United States
editThe 2023 Oakland's Annual Chimaek Festival was held for the first time in Oakland, California. [13]
Restaurants
editDemand for specialty chicken shops increased with the growing demands for chicken and beer.[12] As of March 2014, Korea had 192 chicken franchise companies. About 10% of companies are known for unique recipes.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Seoul Night Tour Gangnam (Cheongdam)". Korea Tourism Organization. 27 June 2014. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
- ^ a b c "Korean TV Show Sparks Chicken and Beer Craze in China". The Wall Street Journal. 26 February 2014.
- ^ "조선시대 치맥" [Chiamaek in Joseon Dynasty, but news indicates "old era" Chiamaek appears in Korean web start from 2017-03-16, not before.]. 22 November 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "[도청도설] 치맥" [Chi-Mc]. Kookje. 9 March 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
- ^ "치느님". 17 December 2015.
- ^ "Talk Talk KOREA".
- ^ a b "치느님과 맥주가 사랑에 빠져 치맥". 14 August 2018.
- ^ "김포 운양동에 치맥특화거리가 조성된다". 29 August 2018. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ 서울치맥페스티벌[circular reference]
- ^ a b c Woo Seok, Lee (7 August 2014). "[SS먼데이 이슈추적]치킨은 어떻게 치느님이 되었나. 치맥 문화와 산업" [Culture and Industry of Chi-Mc]. Sports Seoul. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
- ^ Chimaek wins during World Cup as Koreans chow down and chug - Korea JoongAng Daily
- ^ a b Seo Jung (서정), Kang (강). "중국 치맥 열풍..'별그대' 전지현 대사 한마디 때문에" [China is in the storm of Chimaek]. ChosunMedia. Archived from the original on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2014.
- ^ Oakland's Annual Chimaek Festival - DOKKAEBIER