Chaney v. Schweiker refers to multiple distinct cases in the federal judiciary of the United States concerning Richard Schweiker, the Secretary of Health and Human Services:
- Chaney v. Schweiker (1981), a case before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
- Chaney v. Schweiker (1983), a case before the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit that would eventually become Heckler v. Chaney