The Central Field is located to the east of Khafre's causeway and extends to the pyramid town of Queen Khentkaus I. One of the main excavators of the central field is Selim Hassan.[1] The central field is located at the site of some large stone quarries that provided the stones for the construction of the first two pyramids at Giza. Hence the tombs date to the later part of the Fourth Dynasty and later.[2] The tombs from the 4th Dynasty include those of queens Persenet, Khamerernebty II, Rekhetre, Khentkaus I and Bunefer, as well as several royal sons.[1]
4th Dynasty tombs
editThe tombs form the 4th Dynasty include several royal wives, sons and daughters.[3]
| Tomb number | Type | Name of owner | Title owner | Time Period | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G 8080 LG 92 |
Mastaba and rock-cut | Iuenmin | Eldest king's son of his body, chief justice and vizier, treasurer of the King of Lower Egypt, etc. [4] | End of Dynasty 4 | Wife: Khamerernebty |
| G 8090 LG 90 |
Rock-cut tomb | Debehen | Sole companion, secretary of the House of Morning, keeper of the headdress, adorner of Horus, director of the palace, etc. | 4th Dynasty (Menkaure) | |
| G 8140 | Rock-cut tomb | Niuserre | King's Son of His Body, Treasurer of the King of Lower Egypt, Sole Confidant. | 4th Dynasty | Tomb contains 2 shafts and a chapel. |
| G 8154 | Rock-cut tomb | Sekhemkare | Eldest King's Son of His Body, Treasurer of the King of Lower Egypt, Director of the Palace, Director of the Scribes of the Book of His Father, etc. | 4th Dynasty (Khafre) to early 5th Dynasty | Son of Queen Hekenuhedjet and Khafre, the partial name of his wife was preserved as Khufu[..]t; Sons: Sekhemkare, Saf-Khafre, Herkhaf, and Khafre-ankh |
| G 8156 | Rock-cut tomb | Persenet | King's beloved wife, king's daughter of his body, etc. | 4th Dynasty (Khafre) | Possibly daughter of Khufu and wife of Khafre. |
| G 8158 | Rock-cut tomb | Nikaure | King's eldest son of his body, chief justice and vizier | 4th Dynasty (Khafre) and later | Possibly a son of Queen Persenet and King Khafre |
| G 8172 | Rock-cut tomb | Nebemakhet | King's Eldest Son and Chief Justice and Vizier | 4th Dynasty: Khafre to Menkaure or later | Son of Khafre and Queen Meresankh III. Nebemakhet's wife Nubhetep and several brothers and a sister are mentioned. |
| G 8210 | Rock-cut tomb | Irsekhu | Captain of the two Divine Boats, Overseer of the Army, Overseer of the Tutors of the King's Children of His Body, etc.[5] | Late 4th Dynasty | |
| G 8260 | Stone Mastaba | Babaef | King's Son, Director of the Palace, etc.[6] | Middle to end of 4th Dynasty | |
| G 8400 LG 100 |
Burial complex | Khentkaus I | Mother of the two kings of Upper and Lower Egypt (or king of Upper and Lower Egypt, mother of the king of Upper and Lower Egypt), daughter of the god | End of 4th to early 5th Dynasty | The complex includes a pyramid, a solar boat, a valley temple, a washing tent, a house of embalming, a libation tank, and a mud-brick pyramid town. |
| G 8408 | Rock-cut tomb | Bunefer | King's wife, great one of the hetes-sceptre, priestess of Shepses-Nebty (Shepseskaf), seer of Horus and Seth, king's daughter of (his body), etc. | End of 4th to 5th Dynasty | |
| G 8460 | Rock-cut tomb | Ankhmare | Eldest King's son of his body, chief justice and vizier, etc. | End of 4th Dynasty | |
| G 8464 | Rock-cut tomb | Hemetre | King's daughter of his body, priestess of Hathor | Mid to end 4th Dynasty or early 5th dynasty | Several children of Hemetre are depicted in her tomb. |
| G 8466 | Rock-cut tomb | Iunre | the King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Khafre, His Eldest Son of His Body, director of the palace, etc. | End of 4th Dynasty | Son of Khafre. |
| G 8496 | Stone Mastaba | Sekhemka | The Overseer of the Army (General), The Divine Treasurer (Boat-captain), etc. [7] | End of 4th Dynasty or later | A son named Iufi and two daughters named Iynefert and Meritefes are named. |
| G 8530 | Stone Mastaba | Rekhetre | King's Daughter of His Body, King's Wife, etc.[8] | Late 4th Dynasty | Daughter of King Khafre, possibly wife of King Menkaure. |
| G 8976 | Rock-cut tomb | Washptah | Overseer of craftsmen of the wabet, priest of Ptah, priest of Sokar, priest of Khufu, etc. | End of 4th to 5th dynasty | Queen Khamerernebty II is mentioned on the entrance lintel. Washptah's wife Wemtetka and several children are attested in the tomb. |
| G 8978 Galarza Tomb |
Rock-cut tomb | Khamerernebty II | King's daughter of his body, king's wife, seer of Horus and Seth | Middle to end 4th Dynasty | The tomb may have been started for Khamerernebty II's mother Khamerernebty I, but the tomb was completed for the daughter. Khamerernebty II was likely a daughter of King Khafre and a wife of Menkaure. |
| G 8980 | Stone Mastaba | Wetetj-hetep | Royal acquaintance | Late 4th or early 5th Dynasty |
References
edit- ^ a b Porter, Bertha and Moss, Rosalind, Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Reliefs and Paintings Volume III: Memphis, Part I Abu Rawash to Abusir. 2nd edition (revised and augmented by Dr Jaromir Malek, 1974). Retrieved from gizapyramids.org
- ^ Jánosi, Peter. Giza in der 4. Dynastie. Die Baugeschichte und Belegung einer Nekropole des Alten Reiches. Band I: Die Mastabas der Kernfriedhöfe und die Felsgräber. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2005. p 302
- ^ Giza Archives Archived October 11, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Online database and digital library
- ^ Hassan, Selim. Excavations at Gîza 7: 1935–1936. The Mastabas of the Seventh Season and their Description. Cairo: Government Press, 1953, pp. 13–20, figs. 8-16, pl. 16-17.
- ^ pp. 65–71, figs. 54–64, pls. 33-35.
- ^ pp. 7–11, figs. 4-7, pls. 6-11.
- ^ Hassan, Selim. Excavations at Gîza 6: 1934–1935. Part 3: The Mastabas of the Sixth Season and their Description. Cairo: Government Press, 1950, pp. 143–146, figs. 138–140, pl. 62.
- ^ pp. 1–8, figs. 1-4, pls. 1-2.