Caloplaca marina, the orange sea lichen, is a crustose, placodioid lichen. It has wide distribution, and can be found near the shore on rocks or walls. Calos in Greek means nice, placa in Greek is shield. Caloplaca therefore means ‘beautiful patches’.
| Caloplaca marina | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Caloplaca |
| Species: | C. marina
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| Binomial name | |
| Caloplaca marina (Wedd.) Zahlbr. ex Du Rietz, (1921)
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Taxonomy
editSynonyms are Caloplaca marina f. flavogranulata Wedd., (1875); Caloplaca marina var. flavogranulata (Wedd.) Zahlbr; Gasparrinia marina (Wedd.) Hav., (1936); and Placodium lobulatum
Description
editThe vegetative body of the lichen, the thallus, is orange or orange-red in colour and may be continuous or fragmented. When fragmented the thallus looks lumpy under a hand lens; when continuous it is areolate and the margins may be ill-defined with almost no lobes; it is never powdery or pruinose. A light coloured prothallus may be visible in well-developed specimens.[1]
Apothecia are small and either scattered through the thallus or grouped in small clusters; diameters rarely greater than 0.8 mm. The orange disc (a deeper colour than the thallus) surface is concave initially but matures to convex; the apothecium rim also narrows giving the effect that the convex disc is spilling over it.[1]
Habitat and distribution
editCaloplaca marina is found on coastal rocks from calcareous to high silica rich types (HS). It is characteristically found in the mesic supralittoral zone or above Verrucaria maura (tar lichens). It can be distinguished from the superficially similar C. thallincola by its lack of well-defined thalline lobes.[2]
It is distributed along the coastline throughout the Scottish mainland and islands, Ireland, England and Wales.[3][4] It is also found throughout Atlantic Europe; English Channel; North Sea; and North West Europe.[5]
Caloplaca marina is tolerant of sea spray and brief immersion in seawater.[6]
Pollution tolerance
editCaloplaca marina is at first unaffected by oil spills and cleaning, but dies off within twelve months. It quickly recolonises areas of local extinction.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Lichens In Ireland project". Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2009-06-05.
- ^ Phillips, Roger (1980). Grasses, Ferns, Mosses and Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. London : Book Club Associates. p. 170.
- ^ NBN Gateway
- ^ "Marine Life Information Network". Archived from the original on 2015-09-11. Retrieved 2009-06-05.
- ^ World Register of Marine Species
- ^ Sterry, Paul (1997). Complete British Wildlife. London : Harper Collins. ISBN 0-583-33638-8. p. 338.
- ^ Monitoring with Lichens.
External links
edit
Media related to Caloplaca marina at Wikimedia Commons
