Callicarpa lamii (Chamorro: hamlag) is a plant in the mint family that is endemic to the Mariana Islands.[1] It is one of two Callicarpa plants endemic to the Mariana Islands, the other being Callicarpa candicans var. paucinervia.[2]
| Callicarpa lamii | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Genus: | Callicarpa |
| Species: | C. lamii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Callicarpa lamii Hosok. (1934)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Callicarpa glabra H.J.Lam (1919), nom. illeg. | |
Description
editShrub to small tree with lavender or white flowers.[3] Described by Fosberg & Sachet as being "only rather weakly distinct from C. candicans."[4] Callicarpa lamii was described by Herman Lam (who named it Callicarpa glabra, but was describing specimens from the Marianas), as being a smooth bush 2 meters high:
- Leaves: membranous, "broadly lanceolate, base entire, acute, acuminate at the apex, crenulate margin except at the base, glabrous on both sides with glandular-punctate underside." Leaves 10.5 - 17 cm long, 4.5 - 8 cm wide (a bit larger than the leaves of Callicarpa candicans, which he described as 9 - 11 cm x 4 - 5.5 cm). 14 pairs of nerves (as opposed to the Callicarpa candicans var. paucinervia, which he described as having 7-10 nerves).[5] 4 -5 secondary nerves on each side with a few stellate hairs underneath.
- Petioles 1 - 2 cm long (longer than Callicarpa candicans, which he describes as 1 - 1.2 cm long).
- Cymes dichotomous or trichotomous, sessile, cauliflorous, lax arrangement, few flowers, 2 - 3.5 cm long and wide.
- Peduncles 1.5 - 2 cm long, glabrous or subglabrous.
- Calyx 0.15 cm long with a few stellate hairs, the rim 4-toothed glandular-punctate.
- Pedicels 0.1 - 0.2 cm long; corolla coerulean, glabrous, 4 glandular-punctate stripes, tube 0.3 cm long, lobes 0.1 cm; stamens 0.6 cm long, glandular anthers; style 0.8 cm; ovary glandular-punctate.[6]
Range and habitat
editCallicarpa lamii is usually described as being in limestone forest or forest edge, as opposed to Callicarpa candicans var. paucinervia, which is also endemic to the Marianas but is found on coastal limestone cliffs. Callicarpa lamii has been seen at 30-100 meters elevation.[6]
One specimen labelled Callicarpa lamii is listed from the Bonin Islands of Japan (1930),[7] although the species is no longer considered as existing in the Bonin Islands.[8][1]
Callicarpa lamii has been observed on the following Mariana islands (with date of their latest recorded observation):
- Guam (1984, Ypiga Conservation Area between Yigoa Agafa Gumas, below the Andersen flight descent path)[9]
- Rota (1991, collected from limestone forest of Agupa (Mochong) site at south end of property)[10][11]
- Aguiguan (1952)[12]
- Tinian (1980, west of As Mahalang, 5 miles north of San Jose village, occasional occurrences on lower slope of Meiogyne cyclindrocarpa-wooded limestone cliff[13] and 1985 on limestone forest on escarpment north of Maga and west of Laderan Mahalang)[11]
- Saipan (1991, in native limestone forest on west-facing cliff of Kagman Peninsula, toward lower slope forest edge)[3]
- Alamagan (1949)[14]
- Pagan (1887 and 1949, north of Marine camp).[15][16] However, a 2010 survey by USGS found no specimens on Pagan.[17]
- Agrihan. Raulerson also lists the species as existing on the island of Agrihan.[18]
History
editThe indigenous CHamorro name is listed by Herman Lam as hamlatt or hamlag, which is the same name applied to the coastal species, Callicarpa candicans.[6][19]
The earliest known specimens were collected in 1887 on Pagan, with labels written in French, but the collector's name is not listed.[15] The species was described and named Callicarpa glabra by Herman Lam in 1919.[6] The specimens described as Callicarpa glabra by Lam were from the Mariana Islands, although the name now refers to a separate species in the Bonin Islands.[8] The Marianas species was later named Callicarpa lamii by Takahide Hosokawa in 1934 or 1924[19] in the Journal of the Society of Tropical Agriculture.[20] An early spelling was Callicarpa lammii.[4]
William Safford made no reference to the genus Callicarpa in his 1905 book, The Useful Plants of Guam.[21] Raymond Fosberg made only passing reference to the genus Callicarpa in his 1960 The Vegetation of Micronesia.[22] Benjamin C. Stone did not make a distinction between the two species and seems to have considered Callicarpa candicans var. paucinervia to be a synonym of Callicarpa glabra.[23]
See also
editGallery
edit-
Fruits of Callicarpa lamii, Talofofo, Guam -
Stem of Callicarpa lamii in limestone secondary forest, Talofofo, Guam -
Young leaves of Callicarpa lamii in limestone secondary forest, Talofofo, Guam. -
Callicarpa lamii in secondary limestone forest, Talofofo, Guam -
Callicarpa lamii Hosok. herbarium specimen, collected 1984 in Yigo, Guam
References
edit- ^ a b c "Callicarpa lamii Hosok. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
- ^ "World Checklist of Vascular Plants: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". checklistbuilder.science.kew.org. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
- ^ a b "University of Guam Herbarium specimen of Callicarpa lamii Hosok. from Saipan, 1991". iCloud photo of University of Guam Herbarium specimen. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ a b Smithsonian Institution; Institution, Smithsonian (1980). Smithsonian contributions to botany. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 25–26.
- ^ Lam, Herman Johannes. The Verbenaceæ of the Malayan archipelago : together with those from the Malayan peninsula, the Philippines, the Bismark-archipelago, and the Palau-, Marianne- and Caroline-islands ... Groningen: M. de Waal. p. 50.
- ^ a b c d Lam, Herman Johannes (1919). The Verbenaceæ of the Malayan archipelago : together with those from the Malayan peninsula, the Philippines, the Bismark-archipelago, and the Palau-, Marianne- and Caroline-islands ... Groningen: M. de Waal. pp. 50, 74, 82–83.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 35683585". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ a b Ono, Mikio (1991). "The Flora of the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands". Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany. 13 (1): 100.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 1318735534". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 1843561372". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ a b "Callicarpa lamii Hosok. herbarium specimen from Rota". University of Guam Herbarium. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 1090293055". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 2515246497". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 1843570993". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ a b "Occurrence Detail 438118471". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ "Occurrence Detail 1843544481". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ^ Pratt, Linda W. (2010). Vegetation Assessment of Forests of Pagan Island, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center. p. 85.
- ^ Raulerson, Lynn (2006). Checklist of Plants of the Mariana Islands. Guam: University of Guam Herbarium.
- ^ a b Gleason, Henry A.; Moldenke, Alma L.; Moldenke, Harold N. (1968). Phytologia. Vol. 16. Bronx Park, New York: H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke. p. 451.
- ^ "Hortipedia - Callicarpa lamii". en.hortipedia.com. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
- ^ Safford, William Edwin (1905). The useful plants of the island of Guam : with an introductory account of the physical features and natural history of the island, of the character and history of its people, and of their agriculture. unknown library. Washington, D.C. : G.P.O.
- ^ Fosberg, Raymond (1960). "The vegetation of Micronesia. 1, General descriptions, the vegetation of the Marianas Islands, and a detailed consideration of the vegetation of Guam". Bulletin of the AMNH. 119. hdl:2246/1268?show=full.
- ^ Stone, B.C. (1970). "The Flora of Guam. A Manual for the Identification of the Vascular Plants of the Island" (PDF). Micronesica. 6: 503–504.