Caister-on-Sea, also known colloquially as Caister, is a large village, seaside resort and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.
| Caister-on-Sea | |
|---|---|
  Caister-on-Sea Location within Norfolk | |
| Population | 8,616 (2021 Census) |
| OS grid reference | TG512125 |
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | GREAT YARMOUTH |
| Postcode district | NR30 |
| Dialling code | 01493 |
| Police | Norfolk |
| Fire | Norfolk |
| Ambulance | East of England |
| UK Parliament | |
Caister is located 2+3⁄4 miles (5 kilometres) north of Great Yarmouth and 18 miles (29 kilometres) east of Norwich.
History
edit
Caister's history dates back to Roman times. In around 200 CE a fort was built here as a base for a unit of the Roman army and navy. However its role as a fort appears to have been reduced following the construction of the Saxon Shore fort at Burgh Castle on the southern side of the estuary in the latter part of the third century.
The name "Caister" derives from the Anglo-Saxon word "ceaster", meaning "Roman fort".
In the 1950s, a building near the south gate at Caister was excavated in advance of a housing development. These buildings do not appear to be military as they include a hypocaust and painted wall plaster as well as female jewellery, and it has been suggested that this building may have been an officer's house, or possibly a ‘seamen's hostel’ which may be a polite name for a brothel. The site appears to have been abandoned in the 5th century, but 150 Saxon burials have been found to the south of the enclosure.[1] The remains excavated in the 1950s are now managed by English Heritage and are open free of charge to the public as Caister Roman Site.
In the Fifteenth Century, Caister Castle was built as a residence for Sir John Fastolf. The castle has an attached Motoring Museum and is still open to visitors.
There has been an offshore lifeboat in the area since 1791.[2] It was used by a beach company to salvage ships wrecked on the sand banks. Between 1856 and 1969 lifeboats were operated by the RNLI. In the 1901 Caister lifeboat disaster, nine crew were lost while attempting a rescue during heavy seas. At the time it was said, "If they had to keep at it 'til now, they would have sailed about until daylight to help her. Going back is against the rules when we see distress signals like that".[3] A monument to the men lost in the disaster bearing the inscription "Caister men never turn back" stands in the village cemetery, unveiled in 1903 and was listed Grade II by Historic England in 2020.[4][5] A pub called the "Never Turn Back" is named after the incident.
The village was served by Caister-on-Sea railway station until it was closed in 1959. The nearest railway station is now Great Yarmouth, 2+1⁄2 miles (4 kilometres) to the south.[6]
Today, Caister is also host to a National Coastwatch Institution (NCI) Station.[citation needed]
Geography
editAccording to the 2021 census, Caister-on-Sea has a population of 8,616 people which shows a decrease from the 8,901 people recorded in the 2011 census.[7]
Amenities
editThere is a Haven caravan and holiday park near the coast. The oldest holiday camp in the United Kingdom, it began as the "Caister Socialist Camp" in 1906.[8] In the 1950s and early 1960s, it used to be on both sides of the road. Opposite the beach was a dining room, paper shop, sports facilities and tourist chalets. These facilities were sold to a property developer who turned it into housing in the 1970s. In the 1980s a new holiday camp was opened, under the ownership of Ladbrokes, which was sold to Warners in the 1990s.
Caister FC is the village football team, who play at the King George V playing field.[citation needed]
The wind farm at Scroby Sands has thirty 2–megawatt wind turbines, 2.5 kilometres (1+1⁄2 nautical miles) offshore.
Church of the Holy Trinity
editCaister's parish church is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and dates back to the Thirteenth Century. The Church of the Holy Trinity is located on Ormesby Road and has been Grade II listed since 1947.[9] The church was heavily restored in the late-Nineteenth Century and is home to East Anglia's largest Medieval font. Stained glass in the church includes a memorial to the men killed in the Caister lifeboat disaster by Paul Woodroffe as well as a depiction of Christ the Shepherd by Alfred Wilkinson. Furthermore, there is a set of royal arms that are dated from the reign of King George III, though they could be a repurposed work from the reign of King Charles I.[10]
Notable Residents
edit- Sir John Fastolf KG – (1380–1459) knight and landowner, lived and died in Caister.
- Sarah Martin – (1791–1843) prison reformer and philanthropist, lived in Caister.
- James Haylett – (1825–1907) lifeboatman, lived in Caister.
- John Healing – (1873–1933) Gloucestershire cricketer, died in Caister.
- Len Holland – (b.1888–???) golfer, brought-up in Caister.
- Ron Hansell – (1930–2013) Norwich City and Chester, died in Caister.
- Terry Anderson – (1944–1980) Norwich City and Arsenal footballer, landlord of the Castle Hotel, Caister.
- Dale Gordon – (b.1967) Norwich City and Rangers footballer, born in Caister.
Governance
editCaister-on-Sea is divided into the electoral wards of Caister North and Caister South for local elections and is part of the district of Great Yarmouth.
The village's national constituency is Great Yarmouth which has been represented by the Reform UK's Rupert Lowe MP since 2024.
War Memorial
editCaister-on-Sea's war memorial are several brass plaques inside Holy Trinity Church.[11] The conflicts of the Twentieth Century had an extremely heavy toll on Caister, the fallen from the First World War are listed below:[12]
| Rank | Name | Unit | Date of Death | Burial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2Lt. | Frederick M. B. Case | 7th Bn., Norfolk Regiment | 10 Aug. 1916 | Bapaume Post Cemetery |
| F/SLt. | Gerald W. Hilliard | Royal Naval Air Service | 8 Sep. 1915 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| AS | Arthur E. Turner | HMS Simoom | 23 Jan. 1917 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Cpl. | Arthur R. Rice | 7th Bn., East Surrey Regiment | 9 Aug. 1917 | Arras Memorial |
| Cpl. | Ambrose V. George | 1st Bn., Norfolk Regiment | 2 Sep. 1918 | Red Cross Corner Cem. |
| LCpl. | Ernest W. E. Hewitt | 128th Coy., Royal Engineers | 17 Oct. 1917 | Lijssenthoek Cemetery |
| Gnr. | George Farley | 276th Bde., Royal Field Artillery | 12 Sep. 1917 | Vlamertinge Cemetery |
| OS | Samuel Saunders | HMS Surprise | 23 Dec. 1917 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Pte. | Lewis W. Cubitt | 7th Bn., Royal Fusiliers | 3 Apr. 1918 | Arras Memorial |
| Pte. | Sidney E. Brown | 2nd Bn., Lincolnshire Regiment | 2 Jul. 1916 | Millencourt Cemetery |
| Pte. | Herbert C. Rice | 6th Bn., Lincolnshire Rgt. | 17 Sep. 1916 | Thiepval Memorial |
| Pte. | Herbert E. Haylett | 7th Bn., Norfolk Regiment | 30 Nov. 1917 | Cambrai Memorial |
| Pte. | George A. Knights | 8th Bn., Norfolk Rgt. | 22 Oct. 1917 | Tyne Cot |
| Pte. | Alexander Brown DCM | 9th Bn., Norfolk Rgt. | 18 Sep. 1918 | Chapelle Cemetery |
| Pte. | George W. Crow | 9th Bn., Norfolk Rgt. | 15 Apr. 1918 | Tyne Cot |
| Pte. | Solomon W. Rogers | 9th Bn., Norfolk Rgt. | 15 Apr. 1919 | Tyne Cot |
| Pte. | Harold W. Haylett | 1/1st Bn., Norfolk Yeomanry | 22 Jun. 1916 | Suez Memorial Cemetery |
| Pte. | Albert B. Foulger | 6th Bn., Queen's Royal Regiment | 9 Aug. 1918 | Morlancourt Cemetery |
| Pte. | James Stevens | 2nd Bn., Royal Welch Fusiliers | 4 Nov. 1918 | Caudry Cemetery |
| Pte. | Ernest E. Bullock | 10th Bn., West Kent Regiment | 1 Oct. 1918 | Lijssenthoek Cemetery |
| Rfn. | William G. Arbon | 3rd Bn., Rifle Brigade | 18 Oct. 1914 | Ploegsteert Memorial |
| Rfn. | William D. Case | 20th Bn., Rifle Bde. | 6 Aug. 1918 | Saint-Erme Cemetery |
| Rfn. | Bertie C. Knights | 53rd Bn., Rifle Bde. | 21 Nov. 1918 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Sn. | James W. Amis | HMS Bulwark | 26 Nov. 1914 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Sn. | Bertie A. George | HMS Hogue | 22 Sep. 1914 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Sn. | Thomas Harrington | HMS Orama | 25 Jun. 1919 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Ymn. | Norman F. Meal | HMS Southampton | 31 May 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Rev. | Edward G. U. Robson | HMS Aboukir | 22 Sep. 1914 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Bosn. | Percy Meal | HMS Champion | 7 Jul. 1916 | Ford Park Cemetery |
| Skp. | William E. Shreeve | Ocean Crest II | 19 Nov. 1919 | Tower Hill Memorial |
| Skp. | Charles A. Green | H.M. Drifter City of Liverpool | 31 Jul. 1918 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Skp. | Alonzo Strowger | H.M. Drifter Clover Bank | 24 Apr. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Skp. | William R. Nichols | H.M. Trawler Bombardier | 27 Mar. 1919 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Skp. | Edward N. Bullock | H.M. Trawler Jay | 11 Aug. 1917 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| 2hd. | William J. Knights | H.M. Drifter Girl Eva | 2 Oct. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| 2hd. | Robert Neslen | H.M. Drifter Waveney II | 16 Oct. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| 2hd. | William Miller | H.M. Trawler Birch | 23 Aug. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| 2hd. | James Bensley | H.M. Trawler Tettenhall | 23 May 1917 | Portsmouth Naval Memorial |
| Dhd. | Henry Harris | H.M. Drifter Clover Bank | 24 Apr. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Dhd. | Robert Miller | H.M. Drifter Present Friends | 11 Oct. 1918 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Dhd. | William Plane | H.M. Drifter Scania | 2 Aug. 1918 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Dhd. | George R. Green | H.M. Trawler Ocean Retriever | 28 Feb. 1919 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Dhd. | Charles J. Brown | H.M. Trawler Thomas Stratten | 20 Oct. 1917 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Dhd. | George A. Amis | H.M. Trawler Thuringia | 11 Nov. 1917 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Dhd. | Bertie J. Symonds | H.M. Trawler Veresis | 25 Aug. 1918 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Eng. | William Burman | H.M. Drifter Beneficent | 1 Jun. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Eng. | Philip J. Chapman | H.M. Drifter Clover Bank | 24 Apr. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Eng. | William J. Gay | H.M. Drifter Moss | 25 Apr. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Tmr. | James H. Larke | H.M. Drifter Clover Bank | 24 Apr. 1916 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| Wkr. | Violet Meal | Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Cs. | 3 Apr. 1920 | Holy Trinity Cemetery |
And: Walter E. Haylett. And, the following for the Second World War:
| Rank | Name | Unit | Date of Death | Burial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maj. | Arthur G. Ellis | Royal Norfolk Regiment | 12 Oct. 1944 | Overloon War Cemetery |
| PO | Jack Playford | Royal Air Force Reserve | 10 Sep. 1944 | Delhi War Cemetery |
| S-Lt. | Ernest J. D. Huke | HMS Dundee | 15 Sep. 1940 | Portsmouth Naval Memorial |
| CO | Robert J. Buck | Merchant Navy | 11 May 1945 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| 2O | Herbert H. Davison | S.S. Fiscus | 18 Oct. 1940 | Tower Hill Memorial |
| LAC | Clive W. F. Ironmonger | No. 216 Squadron | 4 Nov. 1942 | Heliopolis War Cemetery |
| LSgn. | Arthur C. Allen | HMS Welshman | 1 Feb. 1943 | Chatham Naval Memorial |
| FSgt. | Frank A. Fox | No. 189 Squadron | 2 Feb. 1945 | Durnbach War Cemetery |
| Sgt. | Clifford E. Fox | No. 635 Squadron | 31 Mar. 1944 | Rheinberg War Cemetery |
| Cpl. | William B. Taylor | 2nd Bn., Royal Norfolk Rgt. | 5 May 1944 | Kohima War Cemetery |
| Dvr. | Clifford Gillings | Royal Army Service Corps | 10 Aug. 1945 | Kanchanaburi War Cemetery |
| Gnr. | Hugh B. Graham | 2 (Medium) Rgt., Royal Artillery | 18 Nov. 1944 | Florence War Cemetery |
| Gnr. | Reginald A. Jordan | 17 (Field) Rgt., R.A. | 5 Oct. 1943 | Sangro River War Cemetery |
| Pte. | Edna E. Durrant | Auxiliary Territorial Service | 3 Jun. 1945 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Pte. | Edward T. Pettingill | 4th Bn., Royal Norfolk Regiment | 3 Sep. 1943 | Thanbyuzayat War Cemetery |
| Pte. | Henry Dobinson MC | Pioneer Corps | 23 Mar. 1940 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Sn. | Louis L. Smith | HMS Europa, Lowestoft | 12 May 1943 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Sn. | Albert G. Broom | H.M. Trawler Charles Boyes | 25 May 1940 | Lowestoft Memorial |
| Sn. | Gordon B. Skoyles | H.M. Trawler Rolls Royce | 7 Dec. 1943 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Sn. | Charles H. Brown | H.M. Trawler Their Merit | 25 Jan. 1941 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| Sn. | Percy R. Randle | H.M. Trawler Tilbury Ness | 1 Nov. 1940 | Lowestoft Memorial |
| Sn. | Reginald W. Crowe | No. 60, East Oaze Lightships | 1 Nov. 1940 | Tower Hill Memorial |
| 2hd. | Henry G. King | H.M. Trawler George Boyes | 25 May 1940 | Holy Trinity Churchyard |
| 2hd. | Wesley G. Green | H.M. Trawler Tamarisk | 12 Aug. 1940 | Oye-Plage Cemetery |
| Fmn. | Henry J. Brown | Fishing Vessel Strathgairn | 1 Jul. 1941 | Tower Hill Memorial |
| Mate | Cecil J. Brown | Fishing Vessel Helpmate | 1 Apr. 1941 | Tower Hill Memorial |
| Mate | Herbert C. F. Hayward | M.V. Capable | 5 Jun. 1940 | Tower Hill Memorial |
References
edit- ^ A Guide to the Roman Remains in Britain by Roger Wilson (Constable)
- ^ BBC Online. Caister Lifeboat
- ^ Storey, Neil R. (1 November 2011). Little Book of Norfolk. The History Press. ISBN 9780752494609.
- ^ "Beauchamp Lifeboat Memorial, Caister-on-Sea, Caister-on-Sea - 1468694 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
- ^ "Captivating Sites Across England Listed During 2020 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
- ^ "Railway Passenger Stations in England, Scotland and Wales: A Chronology" by M E Quick; 2005.
- ^ "Caister-on-Sea (Parish, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
- ^ Holiday camps at Seaside History. Accessed May 2008.
- ^ "Church of Holy Trinity, Caister-on-Sea - 1287563 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
- ^ "Norfolk Churches". www.norfolkchurches.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
- ^ "Caister-on-Sea War Memorials". www.warmemorialsonline.org.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
- ^ "Geograph:: Caister to Croxton :: War Memorials in Norfolk". www.geograph.org.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Norfolk/Caister%20next%20Yarmouth