CCL19

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL19 gene.

CCL19
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2MP1
Identifiers
Aliases	CCL19, CKb11, ELC, MIP-3b, MIP3B, SCYA19, C-C motif chemokine ligand 19
External IDs	OMIM: 602227; MGI: 5434459; HomoloGene: 4569; GeneCards: CCL19; OMA:CCL19 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 9 (human) Band 9p13.3 Start 34,689,570 bp End 34,691,276 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) Band 4 A5|4 Start 42,070,757 bp End 42,072,779 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in appendix lymph node gallbladder thymus rectum mucosa of transverse colon mucosa of ileum left coronary artery olfactory zone of nasal mucosa epithelium of nasopharynx Top expressed in spleen adrenal gland muscle of thigh superior frontal gyrus thymus primary visual cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell lip zone of skin right kidney More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function CCR10 chemokine receptor binding cytokine activity chemokine receptor binding CCR7 chemokine receptor binding chemokine activity CCR chemokine receptor binding protein binding Cellular component extracellular region intracellular anatomical structure extracellular space Biological process release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling positive regulation of cell motility positive regulation of dendritic cell dendrite assembly positive regulation of interleukin-12 production regulation of cell projection assembly monocyte chemotaxis positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation chemokine-mediated signaling pathway response to nitric oxide cellular response to tumor necrosis factor T cell costimulation response to virus cellular calcium ion homeostasis cell maturation myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis positive regulation of JNK cascade dendritic cell chemotaxis positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity chemotaxis cell communication positive regulation of endocytosis positive regulation of GTPase activity response to prostaglandin E positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation positive regulation of chemotaxis cellular response to interleukin-1 positive regulation of T cell proliferation immune response positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade establishment of T cell polarity positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process cellular response to interferon-gamma positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling lymphocyte chemotaxis positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis inflammatory response immunological synapse formation mature conventional dendritic cell differentiation positive regulation of protein kinase activity antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide regulation of signaling receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process cytokine-mediated signaling pathway positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling neutrophil chemotaxis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6363 100861647 Ensembl ENSG00000172724 ENSMUSG00000118633 UniProt Q99731 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006274 XM_006538413 RefSeq (protein) NP_006265 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 34.69 – 34.69 Mb Chr 4: 42.07 – 42.07 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p-arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene may play a role in normal lymphocyte recirculation and homing. It also plays an important role in trafficking of T cells in thymus, and in T cell and B cell migration to secondary lymphoid organs. It specifically binds to chemokine receptor CCR7.

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as EBI1 ligand chemokine (ELC) and macrophage inflammatory protein-3-beta (MIP-3-beta). CCL19 is expressed abundantly in thymus and lymph nodes, with moderate levels in trachea and colon and low levels in stomach, small intestine, lung, kidney and spleen. The gene for CCL19 is located on human chromosome 9. This chemokine elicits its effects on its target cells by binding to the chemokine receptor chemokine receptor CCR7. It attracts certain cells of the immune system, including dendritic cells and antigen-engaged B cells, CCR7+ central-memory T-Cells.

Further reading

• Weber C, Koenen RR (2006). "Fine-tuning leukocyte responses: towards a chemokine 'interactome'". Trends Immunol. 27 (6): 268–73. doi:10.1016/j.it.2006.04.002. PMID 16678487.
• Rossi DL, Vicari AP, Franz-Bacon K, et al. (1997). "Identification through bioinformatics of two new macrophage proinflammatory human chemokines: MIP-3alpha and MIP-3beta". J. Immunol. 158 (3): 1033–6. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.158.3.1033. PMID 9013939. S2CID 39291729.
• Nagira M, Imai T, Hieshima K, et al. (1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine that is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes and mapped to chromosome 9p13". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (31): 19518–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19518. PMID 9235955.
• Kim CH, Pelus LM, White JR, et al. (1998). "CK beta-11/macrophage inflammatory protein-3 beta/EBI1-ligand chemokine is an efficacious chemoattractant for T and B cells". J. Immunol. 160 (5): 2418–24. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.5.2418. PMID 9498785. S2CID 82739698.
• Yanagihara S, Komura E, Nagafune J, et al. (1998). "EBI1/CCR7 is a new member of dendritic cell chemokine receptor that is up-regulated upon maturation". J. Immunol. 161 (6): 3096–102. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.161.6.3096. PMID 9743376. S2CID 26084149.
• Gosling J, Dairaghi DJ, Wang Y, et al. (2000). "Cutting edge: identification of a novel chemokine receptor that binds dendritic cell- and T cell-active chemokines including ELC, SLC, and TECK". J. Immunol. 164 (6): 2851–6. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.6.2851. PMID 10706668.
• Annunziato F, Romagnani P, Cosmi L, et al. (2000). "Macrophage-derived chemokine and EBI1-ligand chemokine attract human thymocytes in different stage of development and are produced by distinct subsets of medullary epithelial cells: possible implications for negative selection". J. Immunol. 165 (1): 238–46. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.1.238. PMID 10861057.
• Ueno T, Hara K, Willis MS, et al. (2002). "Role for CCR7 ligands in the emigration of newly generated T lymphocytes from the neonatal thymus". Immunity. 16 (2): 205–18. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00267-4. PMID 11869682.
• Phillips R, Ager A (2002). "Activation of pertussis toxin-sensitive CXCL12 (SDF-1) receptors mediates transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes across lymph node high endothelial cells". Eur. J. Immunol. 32 (3): 837–47. doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200203)32:3<837::AID-IMMU837>3.0.CO;2-Q. PMID 11870628. S2CID 41323072.
• Till KJ, Lin K, Zuzel M, Cawley JC (2002). "The chemokine receptor CCR7 and alpha4 integrin are important for migration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells into lymph nodes". Blood. 99 (8): 2977–84. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.8.2977. PMID 11929789.
• Townson JR, Nibbs RJ (2002). "Characterization of mouse CCX-CKR, a receptor for the lymphocyte-attracting chemokines TECK/mCCL25, SLC/mCCL21 and MIP-3beta/mCCL19: comparison to human CCX-CKR". Eur. J. Immunol. 32 (5): 1230–41. doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200205)32:5<1230::AID-IMMU1230>3.0.CO;2-L. PMID 11981810. S2CID 21911348.
• Page G, Lebecque S, Miossec P (2002). "Anatomic localization of immature and mature dendritic cells in an ectopic lymphoid organ: correlation with selective chemokine expression in rheumatoid synovium". J. Immunol. 168 (10): 5333–41. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.10.5333. PMID 11994492.
• Katou F, Ohtani H, Nakayama T, et al. (2003). "Differential expression of CCL19 by DC-Lamp+ mature dendritic cells in human lymph node versus chronically inflamed skin". J. Pathol. 199 (1): 98–106. doi:10.1002/path.1255. PMID 12474232. S2CID 25424987.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Scandella E, Men Y, Legler DF, et al. (2004). "CCL19/CCL21-triggered signal transduction and migration of dendritic cells requires prostaglandin E2". Blood. 103 (5): 1595–601. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-05-1643. PMID 14592837.
• Corcione A, Arduino N, Ferretti E, et al. (2004). "CCL19 and CXCL12 trigger in vitro chemotaxis of human mantle cell lymphoma B cells". Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (3): 964–71. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1182-3. PMID 14871974. S2CID 9041635.
• Daikoku N, Kitaya K, Nakayama T, et al. (2004). "Expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-3beta in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle". Fertil. Steril. 81 (Suppl 1): 876–81. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.09.036. PMID 15019823.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Paoletti S, Petkovic V, Sebastiani S, et al. (2005). "A rich chemokine environment strongly enhances leukocyte migration and activities". Blood. 105 (9): 3405–12. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-04-1648. PMID 15546958.

External links

• Human CCL19 genome location and CCL19 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.