Bourn Russell (1 December 1794 – 4 July 1880) was a British/Australian mariner, pastoralist, politician and businessman. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council between 1858 and 1880. He was also a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for four months in 1856.
Bourn Russell | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 December 1794 Rye, East Sussex |
| Died | 4 July 1880 (aged 85) Sydney |
| Occupation | Master mariner, storekeeper, pastoralist and politician |
Early life
editRussell was the son of Bourn Russell senior, a merchant sea captain, and Hannah Chandler. His father was killed at sea when Bourn was a boy. He received an elementary education at the Free Grammar School in Rye and was apprenticed to sea in the coal trade at age 15.[1] He was 2nd mate on a vessel trading to the Mediterranean when he was pressed into service on a British naval warship during the Napoleonic Wars.[2] On discharge from the navy he resumed his career as a merchant mariner and was soon a master of sailing vessels. On turning 21 years of age he inherited his father's estate, that included the family home. This he sold and used the money to become part owner of the ship Lady Rowena (352 tons) built at Montreal in 1825.[2][3]
In Australia
editMaster mariner
editLady Rowena was serving as a convict transport under the command of Russell when she reached Sydney in May 1826.[4] It was noted in the press the 100 female convicts aboard were landed in good health. Lady Rowena returned to Britain and again sailed to Australia, this time on a trading voyage, arriving Hobart in November 1828.[5] Captain Russell came to Australia again on the same ship, arriving Sydney with a general cargo in August 1830, this time intending to stay.[6] He commanded the Lady Rowena on two deep-sea whaling voyages from Sydney between 1830 and 1835.[7] Among the crewmen aboard were two of his sons, William and Bourn junior, serving as apprentice seamen. During these voyages he surveyed the Solomon Islands and in 1835 he published the result in an early map of that group of islands.[8] In March 1831, Captain Russell and his crew landed on the coast of Japan, possibly the first Australians to do so.[9]
Businessman
editRussell had established his family in New South Wales by 1834 and in the early 1840s he developed pastoral interests and settled in Maitland where he became a storekeeper. He was bankrupted in the recession of the late 1840s but restored his fortunes by establishing a boiling-down works near Maitland to produce tallow for export to Britain.
By 1855 he was chairman of the Hunter River New Steam Navigation Company.[10]
He and his wife had 5 sons and 2 daughters.[11] His fourth son, Henry Russell, became the New South Wales government astronomer. His illegitimate son William Watson was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1874 to 1877.
Parliamentarian
editRussell was elected as the member for Northumberland Boroughs at the first election held in New South Wales under responsible government. He was the second candidate, after Bob Nichols, to be elected for the two member seat and he defeated the next candidate, Elias Weekes, by 8 votes. However the election was contested on the grounds that more than 20 people who were unqualified to vote had voted for Russell. After investigating this claim, the Legislative Assembly's Committee of Elections and Qualifications overturned the result and awarded the seat to Weekes in a re-count.[12] Russell was unsuccessful in an attempt to regain the seat at the 1857 by-election caused by the death of Nichols.[13] Following this defeat he accepted an appointment to the Legislative Council initially for a fixed term expiring in 1861 and then as a life member. He did not hold a ministerial or parliamentary position.[14]
He died in Sydney on 4 July 1880 and is buried in Rookwood Cemetery.
References
edit- ^ Jones, Noreen (2008). North to Matsumae; Australian whalers to Japan. Perth: University of Western Australia Press. p. 8. ISBN 9780980296518.
- ^ a b Jones (2008), p. 8.
- ^ Marcill, Eileen (1995). The Charley-Man; a history of wooden shipbuilding at Quebec, 1763–1893. Kingston, Ontario: Quarry Press. p. 386. ISBN 1-55082-093-1..
- ^ "Shipping intelligence". The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser. 20 May 1826. p. 2. Retrieved 13 June 2019 – via Trove.
- ^ Nicholson, Ian Hawkins (1983). Shipping arrivals and departures, Tasmania, 1803–1833. Canberra: Roebuck Society. p. 151.
- ^ Nicholson, Ian Hawkins (1981). Shipping arrivals and departures, Sydney, 1836 to 1840. Canberra: Roebuck Society. p. 53.
- ^ Howard, Mark (June 2014). "Masters of the Sydney whaling fleet, 1805–1896". Descent. 44 (2): 91. ISSN 0084-9731.
- ^ Howard (2014), p. 81.
- ^ Howard, Mark (2011), "Lady Rowena goes to Japan", Sydney's whaling fleet, Dictionary of Sydney, retrieved 20 September 2020
- ^ "To the shareholders of the Hunter River New Steam Navigation Company". The Sydney Morning Herald. 19 February 1855. p. 1. Retrieved 20 September 2020 – via Trove.
- ^ "The Late Hon. Bourn Russell MLC". The Evening News. 6 July 1880. p. 3. Retrieved 13 June 2019 – via Trove.
- ^ Green, Antony. "1856 Northumberland Boroughs re-count". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- ^ Green, Antony. "1857 Northumberland Boroughs by-election". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
- ^ "Mr Bourn Russell (1794–1880)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 21 May 2019.