Bjørn Aage Ibsen (August 30, 1915 – August 7, 2007) was a Danish anesthetist and founder of intensive-care medicine.[1]
Bjørn Aage Ibsen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | August 30, 1915 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Died | August 7, 2007 (aged 91) |
| Alma mater | University of Copenhagen |
| Known for | Inventor of intensive-care unit |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Intensive-care medicine, anesthesia |
Education
editIbsen graduated in 1940 from medical school at the University of Copenhagen and trained in anesthesiology from 1949 to 1950 at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
Career
editIbsen became involved in the 1952 poliomyelitis outbreak in Denmark, where 2,722 patients developed the illness in a 6-month period[2] with 316 suffering respiratory or airway paralysis. Treatment had involved the use of the few negative pressure ventilators available, but these devices, while helpful, were limited and did not protect against aspiration of secretions. After detecting high levels of CO2 in blood samples and inside a little boy's lung,[3] Ibsen changed management directly. He instituted protracted positive pressure ventilation by means of intubation into the trachea, and enlisting 200 medical students to manually pump oxygen and air into the patients lungs. The first patient treated this way and whose life was saved, was 12-year-old Vivi Ebert, who had serious bulbar polio.[4] In this fashion, mortality declined from 90% to around 25%. Patients were managed in three special 35 bed areas, which aided charting and other management.
In 1953, Ibsen set up the world's first medical/surgical intensive care unit in a converted student nurse classroom in Kommunehospitalet (The Municipal Hospital) in Copenhagen, and provided one of the first accounts of the management of tetanus with muscle relaxants and controlled ventilation. In 1954, Ibsen was elected head of the department of anaesthesiology at that institution. He jointly authored the first known account of ICU management principles in Nordisk Medicin, September 18, 1958: 'Arbejdet på en Anæsthesiologisk Observationsafdeling' ("The Work in an Anaesthesiologic Observation Unit") with Tone Dahl Kvittingen from Norway.[5]
References
edit- ^ Stephen Pincock (2007). Elsevier (ed.). "Bjørn Aage Ibsen". The Lancet. 370 (9598): 1538. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61650-X. S2CID 54311450.
- ^ "Louise Reisner-Sénélar (2009) The Danish anaesthesiologist Björn Ibsen a pioneer of long-term ventilation on the upper airways".
- ^ IBSEN B (January 1954). "Ibsen, B., The Anaesthetist's Viewpoint on the Treatment of Respiratory Complications in Poliomyelitis during the Epidemics in Copenhagen, 1952. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 1953; 47: P. 72-74". Proc. R. Soc. Med. 47 (1): 72–4. PMC 1918820. PMID 13134176.
- ^ "How one doctor's risky experiment ushered in the concept of modern intensive care".
- ^ P. G. Berthelsen; M. Cronqvist (2003). "The first intensive care unit in the world: Copenhagen 1953". Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 47 (10): 1190–1195. doi:10.1046/j.1399-6576.2003.00256.x. PMID 14616314. S2CID 40728057.