Bekaa I (Arabic: دائرة البقاع الاولى) is an electoral district in Lebanon, as per the 2017 vote law. The district elects 2 Greek Catholic parliamentarians, 1 Maronite, 1 Greek Orthodox, 1 Armenian Orthodox, 1 Shia and 1 Sunni. The electoral district covers the qada of Zahle.[1] The electoral district retained the geographic boundaries and seat allocation of the Zahle electoral district from the previous electoral law.[1][2]
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Electorate
editThe electorate in the first Bekaa electoral district is predominately Christian.[3] Ahead of the 2018 elections, electoral district had 172,555 registered voters; 48,867 Sunni (28.32%), 27,538 Shia (15.96%), 906 Druze (0.53%), 32,295 Greek Catholic (18.72%), 27,049 Maronite (15.68%), 16,470 Greek Orthodox (9.54%), 8,604 Armenian Orthodox (4.99%), 6,646 Syriac Orthodox and Syriac Catholic (3.85%), 1,846 Armenian Catholic (1.07%), 1,349 Evangelical (0.78%) and 985 from other sects (0.57%).[1]
Political dynamics
editLocal politics in Zahle was for long been dominated by the Skaff clan, ever since the French Mandate administration chose to benefit the family in order to counter the influence of other local elites.[4] But the election of Zahle politician Elias Hrawi as President of Lebanon challenged the position of the Skaff bloc leader Elias J. Skaff. In the 1990s pro-Syrian forces opted to rally behind the city mayor and lawyer Nicolas Fattouch, creating an alternative bloc of political power.[5] During the elections of 1992, 1996 and 2000 the influence of the Skaff family gradually declined.[5]
2009 election
editAhead of the 2009 Lebanese general election the Zahle electoral district had 158,005 registered voters.[2] The voter turnout stood at 91,848 (58.12%), above the national average of 50.7%.[2] Two main lists crystalized; a joint list of Fattouch, the Future Movement, the Lebanese Forces and the Kataeb Party, and the Skaff-aligned Popular Bloc list supported by Hezbollah and the Free Patriotic Movement.[1] The Fattouch-led list won, receiving an average 48,688 votes for their candidates, while the Skaff-led list finished in second place with an average vote for its candidates at 41,380.[1] The elected MPs from the Fattouch list were Elie Maroni of the Kataeb Party (Maronite, 49,328 votes), Okab Sakr (Shia, 49,238 votes), Shant Janjanian (Armenian Orthodox, 48,527 votes), Asim Araji (Sunni, 48,524 votes), Joseph Maalouf (Greek Orthodox, 48,288 votes), Tony Abou Khater (Greek Catholic, 47,999 votes) and Nicolas Fattouch (Greek Catholic, 47,709 votes). The most voted candidate on the other list was Elias J. Skaff, with 42,975 votes.[2]
2018 election
edit5 lists were registered in the electoral district for the 2018 Lebanese general election.[6] An alliance of Free Patriotic Movement, Future Movement, Tashnaq and independents was announced with the candidature name "Zahle for All".[7][8] Lebanese Forces and the Kataeb Party fielded the "Zahle is Our Cause" list.[8] There were also the "Popular Bloc" list led by Myriam Skaff, "Zahle Options and Decisions" led by Nicolas Fattouch (including a Hezbollah candidate) and the civil society list "We are All National".[8] Ashraf Rifi did not field a list in Zahle, as he failed to reach an alliance with Kataeb and Lebanese Forces on the matter.[9] Commenting on the pre-electoral alliance-building in Zahle, an Al-Jazeera journalist noted "[b]izarre alliances competing for one eastern city's seven seats reflect maneuvering for votes in parliamentary elections".[10]
- Bold indicated incumbent parliamentarian, green winning candidate
| List | Votes | % | Seats | Greek Catholic, 2 seats | Maronite, 1 seat | Greek Orthodox, 1 seat | Sunni, 1 seat | Shia, 1 seat | Armenian Orthodox, 1 seat | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Zahle for All" | 36,391 | 39.70 | 3 | Michel George Daher 9,742 (10.63%) |
Michel Skaff 987 (1.08%) |
Salim Aoun (FPM)[11] 5,567 (6.07%) |
Assaad Nakad 4,138 (4.51%) |
Asim Araji (Future)[12] 7,224 (7.88%) |
Nizar Dalloul (Future)[12] 3,947 (4.31%) |
Marie-Jeanne Bilezikjian 3,851 (4.20%) | |
| "Zahle Options and Decisions" | 23,546 | 25.69 | 2 | Nicolas Fattouch 5,737 (6.26%) |
Khalil Hrawi 343 (0.37%) |
Nassif Al-Tini (SSNP)[13] 528 (0.58%) |
Wajih Araji 592 (0.65%) |
Anwar Jomaa (Hezbollah)[14] 15,601 (17.02%) |
Eddie Demirjian 77 (0.08%) | ||
| "Zahle is Our Cause" | 18,702 | 20.40 | 2 | George Akeis (Lebanese Forces)[15] 11,363 (12.40%) |
Michel Fattouch 552 (0.60%) |
Elie Maroni (Kataeb)[16] 1,213 (1.32%) |
César Maalouf 3,554 (3.88%) |
Muhammad Ali Mita 1,370 (1.49%) |
Amer Sabouri 111 (0.12%) |
Boughous Kordian 142 (0.15%) | |
| "Popular Bloc" | 10,885 | 11.87 | 0 | Mariam Skaff 6,348 (6.92%) |
Nicola Amorri 95 (0.10%) |
Paul Charbel 824 (0.90%) |
Nicola Saba 271 (0.30%) |
Ahmed Ajoumi 1,008 (1.10%) |
Osama Salhab 172 (0.19%) |
George Bushikian 1,845 (2.01%) | |
| "We are All National" | 1,599 | 1.74 | 0 | Ghassan Maalouf 651 (0.71%) |
Hanna Habib 287 (0.31%) |
Vanda Chedid (Green)[17] 268 (0.29%) |
Houd Taaïmi 201 (0.22%) |
Mohammad Hassan 71 (0.08%) |
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| Source: Al-Liwaa,[18] ACE Project,[19] Ministry of Interior and Municipalities[20][21] | |||||||||||
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. Political Party Mapping in Lebanon Ahead of the 2018 Elections Archived 2018-05-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d IFES. Electoral Districts in Lebanon Archived 2015-04-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ دائرة البقاع الاولى Archived 2018-05-19 at the Wayback Machine. Annahar
- ^ Le Monde. Elias Skaff, baron chrétien de la Békaa au service de l'opposition libanaise
- ^ a b Franck Mermier; Sabrina Mervin (2012). Leaders et partisans au Liban. KARTHALA Editions. p. 451. ISBN 978-2-8111-0595-2.
- ^ 77 لائحة تُقصي 334 مرشحاً: لبنان إلى الانتخابات Al-Akhbar
- ^ اعلان لوائح في صيدا - جزين وزحلة وعكار Archived 2018-03-27 at the Wayback Machine. An-Nahar
- ^ a b c 13 لائحة في البقاع: أم معارك حزب الله. Al-Modon
- ^ زحلة دائرة المفاجآت... والأرمني عقدة. Al-Akhbar
- ^ Al-Jazeera. In Lebanon's Zahle, elections are local
- ^ Daily Star. FPM announces 46 candidates for elections
- ^ a b mtv. Names of Future Movement candidates for the parliamentary elections
- ^ "القومي" يعلن عن مرشحيه في 7 دوائر معاهداً العمل للبنان المواطنة والعدالة. Al Markazia
- ^ Al-Monitor. Lebanon's new electoral law could spell trouble for traditional parties
- ^ LBCI. REPORT: Who are LF candidates for upcoming elections?
- ^ kataeb.org. Kataeb Party Announces Candidates for Parliamentary Polls Archived 2018-05-09 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ L'Orient Le Jour. Zahlé, une bataille charnière qui gagne tous les jours en fièvre Archived 2018-06-20 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ اعلان لائحة "زحلة للكل"... وهذه هي الأسماء. Al-Liwaa
- ^ Table Attached to Law 44 dated 17/6/2017 (Official Gazette no.27 dated 17 June 2017) - Distribution of Seats to the Confessions and Districts ACE Project
- ^ اللوائح المسجلَّة في دائرة البقاع الاولى كما نشرتها المديرية العامة للشؤون السياسية واللاجئين. Ministry of Interior and Municipalities
- ^ نتائج الإنتخابات النيابية العامة 2018. Ministry of Interior and Municipalities