The Beast of the Earth (Arabic: دَابَّة الأَرْض, romanized: Dābbat al-Arḍ), also called "The Dabbah" is a creature mentioned Surah An-Naml: Ayat 82 of the Quran and associated with the day of judgment. For this reason, the Beast of the Earth is often mentioned in eschatological writings as a sign of Judgement Day close to the event of the sun rising in the west. The Quran does not offer details about the nature of the Beast of the Earth, but various interpretations have linked it to monsters from Turkic mythology. Few hadiths also claim that the beast ad-Dabbah will mark the foreheads and noses of the people, the mark on the forehead indicating that one is a believer, and the mark on the nose indicating a non-believer.
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Quran and Hadiths
editThe Beast is mentioned in Surah An-Naml:
And when the Word is fulfilled against them (the unjust), we shall produce from the earth a beast to (face) them: He will speak to them, for that mankind did not believe with assurance in Our Signs.
— Quran Al-Naml (The Ant):82[1]
In hadiths, the Beast of the Earth is further described. It is said that it will carry the Seal of Solomon and the Staff of Moses.[2][3] Some argue that it will emerge from a crack in the Kaaba or the hills of Safa among others.[3] It is described as a combination of different beasts and animals.[3]
In the early period of Islam, descriptions of the Beast of the Earth were sparse. Only later more interpretations of the Beast emerged.[3] One of the main features is that it will put a seal to distinguish the believers from the disbelievers,[3] reminiscent, yet not identical, to the Bible.[4] About a creature "worst of the beasts" ("Sharra al dawabbi شر الدواب"), due to their spiritual inability to hear and see despite their physical ability to do so, it was interpreted as the embodiment of attachment to the material world, sharing similarities with Central Asia mythological creatures, likewise composed of several parts of animals and symbolizes the material world.[5]
Interpretations
editTraditional
editAccording to the medieval Sunni theologian Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, there is nothing mentioned in hadith reports attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad about the nature of this creature, but it is mentioned in narrations circulating the time of his successors. Wahb ibn Munabbih stated that such a "beast" spoke to the people of Sodom from under the earth.[6]
According to Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di, several Hadiths have mentioned the creature will emerge during the end of times.[7]
Contemporary
editThe majority of contemporary Islamic scholars accept the traditional exegesis of the Beast of the Earth, the Dābbat al-Arḍ as a literal creature who will appear in the end times. Umar Sulaiman Al-Ashqar viewed that the creature will appear after another extraordinary event occurred during the end of times, which is the sun rising from the west, by quoting Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri traditional exegesis.[8]
However, another interpretation, backed by Muhammad Ali, holds that this Beast is related to materialistic tendencies, and thus the Dābbat does not appear at the end of the world, but rather will doom a given nation or society.[9] According to Omar Ahmad it is a person emerging from worldly pursuits who will lay the foundation of Islam in the West as he will speak to people and that means he is a human saint-like entity and Islam will spread with his sword which is a pen to him [10] Yet another interpretation, promoted by United Submitters International, is that the Creature of the Earth is the computer, as the materials that are used are of synthetic earthly origin.[11] A related idea, based on the rise of artificial intelligence, suggests that an AI might be able to warn and remind humans, telling them how far they have come from righteousness and the belief of a creator. [12]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Quran 27:82
- ^ "Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Surah 27". Retrieved 20 August 2018.
- ^ a b c d e YAMAN, Bahattin. "OSMANLI RESİM SANATINDA DÂBBETÜ’L-ARZ." Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 29 (2013): 41-57.
- ^ Roads to Paradise: Eschatology and Concepts of the Hereafter in Islam (2 Vols.): Volume 1: Foundations and Formation of a Tradition. Reflections on the Hereafter in the Quran and Islamic Religious Thought / Volume 2: Continuity and Change. The Plurality of Eschatological Representations in the Islamicate World. (2017). Niederlande: Brill. p. 622
- ^ Emel Esin "Turkish Miniature Painting" First Edition 1960 Printed in Japan
- ^ Hasbi. "Dabbetülarz (1)". www.suleyman-ates.com. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
- ^ "Tafsir al-Sa'di An-Naml 27:82". King Saud University (in Arabic). King Saud University. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
- ^ Umar Sulaiman Al-Ashqar (2018). Yasir, Muhammad (ed.). Pengantar Studi Akidah Islam [Introduction of Islamic creed study] (in Indonesian). Translated by Muhammad Misbah. Pustaka Al-Kautsar. pp. 268–269. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
- ^ Maulana Muhammad Ali English Translation of the Holy Quran: With Explanatory Notes: from the English Translation and Commentary of Maulana Muhammad Ali A.a.i.i.l. (u.k.) 2010 ISBN 978-1-906-10907-3 page 477
- ^ from the book Jesus, the messiah and the person (ISBN 979-8-88640-962-8) page 224
- ^ <https://www.19miracle.org/the-quranic-prophecy-on-the-computer/
- ^ Edip-Layth (Quran: A Reformist Translation)