Bam, also known as Biem, is a small volcanic island off the coast of Papua New Guinea, 40 km (25 mi) north northeast of the Sepik river mouth. It represents the southernmost island of the Schouten Islands. The northern coast of the island is inhabited by a village and coconut groves.[1] Much of the island is forested, except along its south flank. As of 2018, the island has a population of approximately 3,000 people.[2]
 Bam Island | |
 | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 3°37′S 144°49′E / 3.61°S 144.81°E |
| Archipelago | Schouten Islands |
| Area | 3.84 km2 (1.48 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Province | East Sepik |
Volcano
editThe island forms the summit of a large submarine stratovolcano. It measures 2.4 km2 × 1.6 km2 (0.9 sq mi × 0.6 sq mi) in area.[3] With an elevation of 685 meters (2,247 feet), it is the highest of the Schouten Islands.[4]
At the summit is a 300-meter wide (980 ft) and 180-meter deep (590 ft) crater. The volcanic island and its island group forms part of the Bismarck Archipelago of young volcanoes.[5] The first record of an eruption on the island dated back to 1872,[3] which forced its inhabitants to temporarily abandon the island.[6] Eruptions on the island are typically small in explosiveness, which is confined to within the crater. The last recorded eruption of Bam was in 1960.[3] From 2004 to 2005, fumarole activity was observed on the island. Surveys have also revealed two landslide scars along its flanks.[4]
Following an eruption on nearby Kadovar, in January 2018, the Department of Mineral Policy and Geohazards said that volcanic activity on Bam had increased. Photographs supposedly showing an ash plume towering over the island were debunked as thermal features.[7] However, the 3,000 inhabitants of the island were evacuated as a precautionary measure.[2]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Sailing directions (Enroute): New Guinea (PDF) (12 ed.). National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2018. p. 164. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2018.
- ^ a b Murray-Atfield, Yara (14 January 2018). "PNG Governor orders evacuation of second volcano as eruption fears mount". ABC News. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
- ^ a b c "Bam". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
- ^ a b Silve, Eli; Da, Simon; Ward, Steve; Hoffman, Gary; Llanes, Pilar; Neil, Driscoll; Appelgate, Bruce; Saunders, Steve (10 October 2009). "Volcano collapse and tsunami generation in the Bismarck Volcanic Arc, Papua New Guine" (PDF). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 186 (3–4): 210–222. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.06.013.
- ^ Löffler, Ernst (1977). Geomorphology of Papua New Guinea (PDF). ANU Press. p. 34. ISBN 0 7081 0410 X.
- ^ Gaudru, Henry. "Overview of potential impact of eruptions on volcanic islands" (PDF). European Volcanological Society.
- ^ "Volcanic activity on PNG's Biem minimal". Radio New Zealand. 17 January 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
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