Wikipedia

BR Standard Class 4 4-6-0

The British Railways Standard Class 4 4-6-0 is a class of steam locomotives, 80 of which were built during the 1950s. Six have been preserved.

BR Standard Class 4 4-6-0
A Standard 4MT 4-6-0 at Gloucester Eastgate in April 1959.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerR. A. Riddles
BuilderBR Swindon Works
Build dateMay 1951 – May 1957
Total produced80
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-6-0
 • UIC2′C h2
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Leading dia.3 ft 0 in (0.914 m)
Driver dia.5 ft 8 in (1.727 m)
Length60 ft 0 in (18.29 m)
Width8 ft 9+1⁄2 in (2.68 m)
Height13 ft 0 in (3.96 m)
Axle load17.25 long tons (17.53 t; 19.32 short tons)
Adhesive weight51.55 long tons (52.38 t; 57.74 short tons)
Loco weight67.90 long tons (68.99 t; 76.05 short tons)
Tender weightBR1B: 49.15 long tons (49.94 t);
BR2/BR2A: 42.15 long tons (42.83 t)
Tender typeBR1B (15), BR2 (50), BR2A (15)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacityBR1B: 7.00 long tons (7.11 t; 7.84 short tons);
BR2/BR2A: 6.00 long tons (6.10 t; 6.72 short tons)
Water cap.BR1B: 4,725 imp gal (21,480 L; 5,674 US gal);
BR2/BR2A: 3,500 imp gal (16,000 L; 4,200 US gal)
Firebox:​
 • Grate area26.7 sq ft (2.48 m2)
BoilerBR4
Boiler pressure225 psi (1.55 MPa)
Heating surface:​
 • Firebox143 sq ft (13.3 m2)
 • Tubes and flues1,301 sq ft (120.9 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area258 sq ft (24.0 m2)
CylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder size18 in × 28 in (457 mm × 711 mm)
Performance figures
Tractive effort25,515 lbf (113.5 kN)
Factor of adh.4.52
Career
OperatorsBritish Railways
Power class4MT
Numbers75000–75079
Axle load classBR1B: Route Availability 7
BR2/BR2A: Route Availability 4
WithdrawnOctober 1964 – August 1968
Disposition6 preserved, remainder scrapped

Background

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75076 with a double chimney and BR1B type tender.

The class was introduced in 1951. They were designed for mixed traffic use on secondary routes where the otherwise ubiquitous BR Standard Class 5 and their predecessors, the Black Fives, would be too heavy. They were essentially a tender version of the Class 4 2-6-4T, with similar characteristics to the GWR 7800 Class, though unlike the 7800s they were built to the universal loading gauge. They used the same running gear as the tank engine (with the leading bogie from the Standard Class 5), and substantially the same firebox, smokebox and boiler, although the boiler barrel was increased in length by 9 inches (229 mm).[1]

Design work was done at Brighton by R. A. Riddles, with help from Swindon, Derby and Doncaster. Construction was at the BR Swindon Works.[2]

The engine weighed 67.90 long tons (68.99 t; 76.05 short tons), was 60 ft 0 in (18.29 m) long, with 5 ft 8 in (1.727 m) diameter driving wheels. It had two cylinders of 18 inches (457 mm) diameter and 28 inches (711 mm) stroke operated at maximum boiler pressure of 225 lbf/in2 (1.55 MPa), to produce 25,515 lbf (113.5 kN) tractive effort. Its British Railways power classification was 4MT.

It normally used the standard BR2 or BR2A tender, which weighed 42.15 long tons (42.83 t; 47.21 short tons) and carried 3,500 imp gal (16,000 L; 4,200 US gal) of water and 6.00 long tons (6.10 t; 6.72 short tons) of coal. In this configuration its route availability was 4, almost universal over the British Railways network.

In service

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The class was initially allocated to the London Midland Region (45) and the Western Region (20). The last 15 were allocated to the Southern Region. The Southern batch were built with BR1B tenders, which weighed 49.15 long tons (49.94 t; 55.05 short tons), and carried 4,725 imp gal (21,480 L; 5,674 US gal) of water and 7.00 long tons (7.11 t; 7.84 short tons) of coal.[3] This reduced their route availability to 7, the same as the Standard Class 5.

Table of withdrawals
Year Quantity in
service at
start of year		 Quantity
withdrawn		 Locomotive numbers
1964 80 2 75001/67
1965 78 11 75000/03/05/07–08/22/25/28/38/72–73
1966 67 20 75011/14/23/31/36/44–45/49–51/53–54/56–57/63/65–66/69–70/79
1967 47 37 75002/04/06/10/12–13/15–18/24/26/29–30/33/35/37/39–40/42–43/46–47/52/55/58–61/64/68/71/74–78
1968 10 10 75009/19–21/27/32/34/41/48/62

Preservation

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Six members of the class survive with both single chimney and double chimney examples. Two were purchased directly from BR (75027 & 75029); the remaining four were rescued from Woodham Brothers' scrapyard at Barry Island.

No member of the class is presently main line approved but three (75014, 75029 and 75069) have worked on the main line at various points in preservation. 75029 was passed to work on the main line between Grosmont and Whitby with occasional visits to Battersby during galas. All except for 75079 have operated in preservation.

Preserved locomotives
Number & Name Tender Attached Chimney Fitted Built Withdrawn Service life Home Base Owner Livery Status Image Notes
75014 "Braveheart" BR2A Single Nov 1951 Dec 1966 15 years, 30 days Dartmouth Steam Railway Dartmouth Steam Railway BR Lined Black, Early Emblem Operational. Boiler ticket expires: 2026 [4]  
75027 May 1954 Aug 1968 14 years, 3 months Bluebell Railway Bluebell Railway BR Lined Green, Late Crest Static Display [5]  
75029 "The Green Knight" Double May 1954 Aug 1967 13 years, 3 months North Yorkshire Moors Railway North Yorkshire Moors Railway BR Lined Green, Late Crest Under Overhaul.   Withdrawn in 2015 with cracks in firebox, overhaul commenced in 2018 [6]
75069 BR1B Sept 1955 Sept 1966 11 years Severn Valley Railway 75069 Fund BR Lined Black, Late Crest Operational. Boiler ticket expires: 2028 [7]  
75078 Jan 1956 Jul 1966 10 years, 5 months Keighley and Worth Valley Railway The Standard 4 Locomotive Preservation Society BR Lined Black, Late Crest Operational. Boiler ticket expires: 2032 [8]  
75079 Jan 1956 Nov 1966 10 years, 10 months Mid-Hants Railway Mid-Hants Railway Preservation Society N/A Under restoration [9]  

Model railways

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Bachmann and Hornby have both recently released models of these engines in 00 gauge. Mainline Railways also released a OO gauge model of the Standard Class 4MT 4-6-0 in the 1970s, although this is no longer in production. In 1983, Mainline's model was reintroduced to their catalogue as locomotive 75033 in BR lined black.[10]

References

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  1. ^ Casserley, H.C. (1960). The Observer's Book of Railway Locomotives of Britain. London: Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd. p. 226.
  2. ^ Green-Hughes, Evan (November 2008). "British Railways '4MT' 4-6-0". Hornby Magazine. No. 17. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 72–76. ISSN 1753-2469. OCLC 226087101.
  3. ^ Duggan, Jamie (29 June 2018). "BR Standard 4s (4-6-0, 2-6-0 and 2-6-4T) steam locomotives - Class Information". RailAdvent. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
  4. ^ "Dartmouth Steam Railway - Our Trains".
  5. ^ "Bluebell Railway - Locomotives on Static Display".
  6. ^ "NYMR - 75029 The Green Knight". January 2020.
  7. ^ "Severn Valley Railway - BR Riddles 4MT 75069". 5 October 2022.
  8. ^ "KWVR - BR Standard Class 4MT 4-6-0 75078". February 2022.
  9. ^ "Watercress Line - BR Standard Class 4MT 75079". 27 January 2022.
  10. ^ "Mainline's big plans for 1983". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. March 1983. pp. 36–7. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
  • A Detailed History of BR Standard Steam Locomotives, - Vol 2 - The 4-6-0 and 2-6-0 Classes. RCTS ISBN 0-901115-93-2
  • Bradley, Rodger P. (1984). The Standard Steam Locomotives of British Railways. David & Charles. ISBN 0715383841.
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