Ayton Castle is a ruined Grade I listed 14th century pele tower castle near West Ayton, North Yorkshire, England.
| Ayton Castle | |
|---|---|
| West Ayton, North Yorkshire, England | |
 Ayton Castle ruins | |
| Coordinates | 54°15′07″N 0°29′08″W / 54.25198°N 0.48553°W |
| Site information | |
| Condition | Ruined |
Location
editThe castle is sited at the southeast edge of the North York Moors National Park, on rising ground near the main fording point of the River Derwent.[1] It is close to the A170 road, a main road between Thirsk and Scarborough that runs along the park's south edge.[2]
History
editA fortified manor house or castle existed on the site from the 12th century. In the 13th century the occupiers were the de Aton family, who gained their name from the village of West Ayton, which is listed in the Domesday book as "Atune".[1][2] The area came under regular attack from Scottish raiders, and stronger fortification was required.[3] The pele castle was built by Ralph Eure of Witton in the late 14th century, after inheriting the lands through marriage to the co-heiress Katherine de Aton, daughter of William de Aton, 2nd Baron Aton.[1] The castle became known as the "Defender of the Dales"[4] The castle was abandoned in the late 17th century and became ruinous.[5] Most of the structure below ground has remained intact, including a twin-tunnel vault.[4]
The ruined site was Grade I listed on 18 January 1967.[6] It is a rare example of this type of castle in Northern England.[6] The site is closed to the public but the castle can be seen from a nearby field.[2]
Architecture
editThe castle is around 21 metres (69 ft) by 13.5 metres (44 ft). It originally had three stories, each one offset with a chamfered string course. The ruin includes the remains of a peel tower constructed of sandstone.[6]
Citations
edit- ^ a b c Emery 1996, p. 297.
- ^ a b c "Ayton Castle". North York Moors National Park. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
- ^ "Ayton Castle". Yorkshire Guides. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
- ^ a b Whitworth 2011, p. 13.
- ^ Emery 1996, p. 298.
- ^ a b c Historic England. "Ayton Castle (1148147)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
References
edit- Emery, Anthony (1996). Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, 1300-1500: Volume 1, Northern England. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521497237.
- Whitworth, Alan (2011). In & Around the North York Moors Through Time. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-445-62889-9.
